Okuqukethwe
I-Microsoft Excel inikeza umsebenzisi amazinga amaningana, uma sikhuluma ngokwemibandela, okuvikela - kusukela ekuvikelweni okulula kwamaseli ngamanye ukuya ekubetheleni kwefayela lonke elinama-ciphers we-crypto-algorithms yomndeni we-RC4. Ake sidlule kuzo ngamunye ngamunye...
Izinga 0. Vikela ekufakeni idatha engalungile kuseli
Indlela elula. Ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukuthi yini ngempela umsebenzisi eyifaka kumaseli athile futhi ingakuvumeli ukuthi ufake idatha engavumelekile (isibonelo, inani elibi noma inombolo eyingxenye yabantu noma idethi yeNguquko ka-Okthoba esikhundleni sosuku lokuphetha isivumelwano, njll.) Ukusetha ukuhlola okokufaka okunjalo, udinga ukukhetha amaseli bese ukhetha ithebhu Idatha (Usuku) inkinobho Ukuqinisekiswa kwedatha (Ukuqinisekiswa Kwedatha). Ku-Excel 2003 nangaphezulu, lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa imenyu Idatha - Ukuqinisekisa (Idatha - Ukuqinisekisa)… Kuthebhu Amapharamitha ohlwini lokudonsela phansi, ungakhetha uhlobo lwedatha oluvunyelwe ukufaka:
Amathebhu aseduze aleli windi avumela (uma efunwa) ukusetha imilayezo ezovela ngaphambi kokungena - ithebhu Umlayezo wokufaka (Umlayezo Wokufaka), futhi uma ufaka ulwazi olungalungile – thebhu Umlayezo wephutha (Isixwayiso Sephutha):
Izinga 1: Ukuvikela Amaseli Eshidi Ezinguqukweni
Singavimbela ngokuphelele noma ngokukhetha ukuthi umsebenzisi aguqule okuqukethwe kwamaseli anoma yiliphi ishidi. Ukuze ufake ukuvikela okunjalo, landela i-algorithm elula:
- Khetha amaseli ukuthi asikho isidingo sokuzivikela (uma ikhona), chofoza kwesokudla kuzo bese ukhetha umyalo kumenyu yokuqukethwe Ifomethi yeseli (Fometha Amaseli)… Kuthebhu Protection (Ukuvikela) susa ukumaka ibhokisi Iseli elivikelwe (Khiyiwe). Wonke amaseli lapho leli bhokisi lokuhlola lihlala likhethiwe azovikelwa lapho ukuvikelwa kweshidi kunikwe amandla. Wonke amaseli lapho ususa ukumaka leli fulegi azohleleka naphezu kokuvikelwa. Ukuze ubone ukuthi yimaphi amaseli azovikelwa futhi angeke avikelwe, ungasebenzisa le macro.
- Ukuze unike amandla ukuvikeleka kweshidi lamanje ku-Excel 2003 nangaphezulu - khetha kumenyu Isevisi – Ukuvikelwa – Vikela Ishidi (Amathuluzi - Ukuvikelwa - Vikela ishidi lokusebenza), noma ku-Excel 2007 nakamuva, chofoza Vikela Ishidi (Vikela Ishidi) ithebhu Iyabukeza (Buyekeza). Ebhokisini lengxoxo elivulayo, ungasetha iphasiwedi (izodingeka ukuze kungabikho muntu ongasusa ukuvikela) futhi, usebenzisa uhlu lwamabhokisi okuhlola, lungiselela, uma uthanda, ngaphandle:
Okusho ukuthi, uma sifuna ukushiya umsebenzisi ikhono, ngokwesibonelo, ukufometha amaseli avikelwe nangavikelekile, amabhokisi okuhlola amathathu okuqala kufanele ahlolwe. Ungaphinda uvumele abasebenzisi ukuthi basebenzise ukuhlunga, ukuhlunga okuzenzakalelayo, namanye amathuluzi ethebula alungile.
Izinga 2. Ukuvikelwa okukhethiwe kobubanzi kubasebenzisi abahlukene
Uma kucatshangwa ukuthi abasebenzisi abambalwa bazosebenza nefayela, futhi ngamunye wabo kufanele abe nokufinyelela endaweni yakhe yeshidi, khona-ke ungasetha ukuvikelwa kweshidi ngamaphasiwedi ahlukene kububanzi obuhlukene bamaseli.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha kuthebhu Iyabukeza (buyekeza) inkinobho Vumela ukushintsha ububanzi (Vumela abasebenzisi ukuhlela ububanzi). Ku-Excel 2003 nakamuva, kunomyalo wemenyu walokhu Isevisi - Ukuvikelwa - Vumela ukushintsha ububanzi (Amathuluzi - Ukuvikelwa - Vumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bashintshe ububanzi):
Ewindini elivelayo, chofoza inkinobho Dala (okusha) bese ufaka igama lobubanzi, amakheli amaseli afakwe kulobu bubanzi nephasiwedi ukuze ufinyelele kulobu bubanzi:
Phinda lezi zinyathelo kububanzi obuhlukahlukene bomsebenzisi kuze kube yilapho sezifakwe ohlwini. Manje ungacindezela inkinobho Vikela Ishidi (bheka isigaba esidlule) futhi unike amandla ukuvikeleka kwalo lonke ishidi.
Manje, uma uzama ukufinyelela kunoma yiliphi ibanga elivikelwe ohlwini, i-Excel izodinga igama-mfihlo kulobu bubanzi obuthile, okungukuthi umsebenzisi ngamunye uzosebenza “engadini yakhe”.
Izinga 3. Ukuvikela amaphepha encwadi
Uma udinga ukuzivikela ku-:
- ukususa, ukuqamba kabusha, ukuhambisa amashidi encwadini yokusebenzela
- izinguquko ezindaweni eziphiniwe (“izihloko”, njll.)
- izinguquko zesakhiwo ezingafuneki (ukugoqa imigqa/amakholomu kusetshenziswa izinkinobho zokuhlanganisa/susa zokuqoqa)
- ikhono lokunciphisa/ukuhambisa/ukushintsha usayizi wewindi lencwadi yokusebenzela ngaphakathi kwewindi le-Excel
ke udinga ukuvikela wonke amashidi encwadi, usebenzisa inkinobho Vikela incwadi (Vikela Incwadi Yokusebenzela) ithebhu Iyabukeza (Buyekeza) noma - kuzinguqulo ezindala ze-Excel - ngokusebenzisa imenyu Isevisi – Ukuvikelwa – Vikela incwadi (Amathuluzi - Ukuvikelwa - Vikela incwadi yokusebenzela):
Izinga 4. Ukubethelwa kwefayela
Uma kudingekile, i-Excel inikeza ikhono lokubethela lonke ifayela lencwadi yokusebenzela kusetshenziswa ama-algorithms wokubethela womndeni we-RC4 ahlukene. Lesi sivikelo kulula ukusisetha lapho ulondoloza incwadi yokusebenzela, okungukuthi khetha amaqembu Ifayela – Gcina Njenge (Ifayela — Londoloza Njenge), bese ewindini lokulondoloza, thola futhi wandise uhlu lokudonsela phansi Isevisi - Izinketho Ezijwayelekile (Amathuluzi — Izinketho Ezivamile). Efasiteleni elivelayo, singafaka amagama ayimfihlo amabili ahlukene - ukuvula ifayela (funda kuphela) nokushintsha:
- Ungawasetha kanjani/ungawavikeli kanjani wonke amashidi encwadi ngesikhathi esisodwa (isengezo se-PLEX)
- Gqamisa amaseli angavikelekile ngombala
- Ukuvikelwa okufanele kwamashidi ngama-macro