I-Croton (i-codiaeum)

Kukhona ukudideka kwangempela nge-croton emakhanda abalimi bezimbali abayizimfundamakhwela. Ngenkani babhekisela esitshalweni sendlu yokubukisa kanjalo, kuyilapho empeleni i-Croton ikhula endle noma emapulazini asezindaweni ezishisayo, lapho itshalwa khona ngenjongo yokwelapha noma imbewu. Futhi lezi yizihlahla ezinkulu noma izihlahlana. Ezindlini zethu, akuyona i-croton ephilayo, kodwa i-codiaum. Futhi uhlobo olulodwa kuphela - i-codiaum i-motley (Codiaeum variegatum) emndenini we-Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae). EYurophu, kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi “ingubo kaJosefa”. Yaduma lapho engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lesi-XNUMX.

I-variegated codiaum iyisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esingakhuli ngaphezu kwama-70 cm ekhaya. Esiqwini segatsha esiqondile, amaqabunga esikhumba amakhulu (afinyelela ku-30 ​​cm) ahlelwa ngokushintshana. Izimbali azibonakali, izimbali zincane, ziphaphathekile, imbewu inkulu. Kodwa inani lesitshalo alikho ezimbalini, kodwa emaqabunga - anezimo ezihlukene nemibala emihle ngendlela emangalisayo: yonke i-shades eluhlaza, ophuzi, owolintshi, obomvu ngisho nomnyama! Umphumela wokuhlobisa uthuthukiswa imithambo enemibala egqamile namabala (1).

Kunezinhlobo okungenani eziyi-7 ze-variegated codiaum, ezihlukile ngokuma kwepuleti leqabunga. Ngokwesibonelo, ifomu i-tortile iqabunga elimise okwenhliziyo elinesihloko esicijile eside, ku-trilobium isisekelo seqabunga siyi-deltoid, futhi ipuleti ngokwayo ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezi-3. 

Izinhlobo ze-Croton

Ukuthandwa kwalesi sitshalo kuholele emsebenzini omningi wabalimi abenze izinhlobo zangempela nama-hybrids.

omuhle - amaqabunga awo abukeka njenge-oki, phezulu aluhlaza ngemithambo ephuzi, kanti ingxenye engezansi yeqabunga ibomvu-burgundy. 

Gold Inkanyezi - amaqabunga amahle aluhlaza ambozwe amachashaza amaningi asagolide.

Miss Ayston - isihlahla esihle, lapho ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungabona amaqabunga kakhilimu, aphuzi naluhlaza.                                          

Mummy - lolu hlobo lunamaqabunga amancane, ajikelezayo anombala osawolintshi anemigqa eluhlaza ngokumnyama.

Petra – isihlahla esiminyene esingafika ku-50 cm ukuphakama esinamaqabunga amakhulu aluhlaza anemithambo ephuzi.

Okokukhipha - izinhlobonhlobo zasekuqaleni kakhulu ezinamacembe amancane akhanyayo asontekile eksisi yawo.

Inkanyezi enelanga – isihlahla esifinyelela ku-80 cm ukuphakama esinamaqabunga amancane aphuzi aluhlaza.

Tamara - isihlahlana esihle esingafika ku-1 m ukuphakama esinamaqabunga amhlophe-ukhilimu-aluhlaza ngendlela ye-oval emide enesihloko esicijile kanye nonqenqema lwamagagasi.

Zanziebare - yehluka ngamaqabunga amade amancane anombala oluhlaza omnyama anamachashaza aphuzi.

zulu - enamaqabunga aluhlaza we-lanceolate anomumo oyinqaba anamabala aphuzi.

Ukunakekelwa kweCroton ekhaya

Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-croton (codiaum) iyindawo eshisayo yaseNdiya naseMalaysia. Futhi lokhu kunquma izidingo zayo ezimweni ezikhulayo.

"Izinkinga eziningi ekukhuleni kwe-codiaum zingagwenywa uma umbuso wokushisa ugcinwa ngokuqinile," kusho umqoqi wezitshalo zasendlini u-Elizaveta Starostina. - Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sikhululekile ekushiseni kwama-20 - 25 ° C, ebusika - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-18 ° C. Awekho amaconsi okushisa, amafasitela abandayo nama-drafts! 

Ground 

Ezixubeni ezenziwe ngomumo, inhlabathi yama roses ifaneleka kakhulu i-codiaum. Nokho, abalimi bezimbali abanolwazi bakhetha ukuzilungiselela inhlabathi ngokwabo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha ngokulinganayo iqabunga ne-humus engadini, i-peat nesihlabathi somfula. Ingilazi yenhlabathi yokhuni echotshoziwe kanye nedlanzana le-zeolite yengezwe ku-3 amalitha wengxube. Ukusabela kwesisombululo senhlabathi kufanele kube yi-alkaline - 6 - 7,4 pH.

Lighting

Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kodwa asikubekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile - "basula" iphethini enhle futhi bangabangela ngisho nokushiswa. Indawo engcono kakhulu kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla yifasitela elingasempumalanga, entshonalanga noma eningizimu-mpumalanga. 

Kodwa ebusika, i-codiaum ingahlelwa kabusha efasiteleni eliseningizimu. Uma umbala wamaqabunga uqala ukufiphala, vula ama-phytolamp!

Umswakama

I-Codiaum ithanda inhlabathi emanzi nomoya. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba, ukuchelela kuvame futhi kuningi kuze kufike izikhathi ezi-3 ngesonto. Qinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ayomi ngaphezu kuka-3 cm ukusuka ebusweni bebhodwe. Ebusika, ukuchelela okukodwa ngesonto kwanele. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30 emva kokuchelela, amanzi avela epanini kufanele akhishwe.

Isitshalo siphendula kahle kakhulu ekufutheni nsuku zonke, i-air humidifier. Kodwa lokhu akwanele. Sula amaqabunga nsuku zonke ezinhlangothini zombili ngesipontshi esithambile, esimanzi - lokhu kwandisa umswakama, kususa uthuli nezinambuzane. Nikeza isilwane sakho ishawa efudumele kanye ngenyanga (2).

Amanzi okunisela nokufutha kufanele axazululwe, athambe futhi afudumale - 2 - 4 ° C ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lekamelo. Okufanelekile, sebenzisa amanzi emvula noma amanzi ahlungiwe.

umquba

Ku-codiaum, umanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi usetshenziselwa ama-succulents kanye ne-cacti. Kuyanconywa futhi ukusebenzisa umlotha wokhuni oluqinile njengomanyolo.

Ukudla

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kuphela emhlabathini omanzi, ngezixazululo zomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo kumthamo ogcwele isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-3. Ekwindla nasebusika - 1/2 umthamo womanyolo isikhathi esingu-1 ezinyangeni eziyi-1,5. Kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezi-2, isipuni somlotha wokhuni sithelwa ebhodweni futhi inhlabathi engaphezulu iyaxebuka kancane.

Ukunciphisa

Umqhele omuhle kanye nobukhulu obufanele bakhiwa ngokuthena okuvamile. Ezitshalweni ezincane, ukupinwa kwamahlumela kwenziwa, kubantu abadala - ukuthenwa. I-pinching yokuqala yenziwa lapho isitshalo esincane sifinyelela ubude buka-15-20 cm, khona-ke ihlumela ngalinye lisikwa kuhlumela olungaphandle, ngokushesha nje lapho lifinyelela ku-20 cm ubude. 

Kunconywa ukusika imicibisholo yezimbali, kanye namahlumela aseceleni aphuma kakhulu ngaphezu komqhele owenziwe.

Lapho ucindezela ama-apical buds wesilonda, ijusi ye-milky iqinisa; lapho usika iziqu, kunconywa ukuba ube yimpuphu ukusikeka ngamalahle omisiwe.

Ukuthena kwenziwa entwasahlobo futhi, uma kunesidingo, ehlobo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-2 - 3 ngemuva kokuthena, izitshalo ziyaniselwa, imiqhele ifafazwa ngezinto ezikhuthaza ukukhula.

Kubalulekile! Ijusi ye-milky yesitshalo inobuthi, ngakho-ke sebenza kuphela ngamagilavu.

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-croton ekhaya

I-Croton (i-codiaum) izosakazwa ngembewu, ukusikwa nokubekwa. 

Imbewu. Ngokusakazwa kwembewu, izici zomzali angeke zigcinwe.

Imbewu kufanele ibe yintsha, ithululwe imizuzu engama-30 ngamanzi ashisayo (60 ° C), bese ivunyelwa ukuba ivuvuke emanzini afanayo usuku. Hlwanyela ezitsheni ezinengxube ye-peat nesihlabathi ekujuleni kuka-1 cm. Mboza nge-foil bese ubeka endaweni efudumele. Nisela njalo ethreyini. 

Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amabili eqiniso, izithombo zihlaliswa ezimbizeni.

Ukusika. Kunezinketho ezi-2 zokukhula kwezimpande: emhlabathini nasemanzini. Isikhathi esifanelekile sokusika nguFebhuwari-April. Ama-cuttings asikwa ngo-10-15 cm ubude, amaqabunga aphansi ayasuswa. Ijusi ye-milky igezwa ngamanzi afudumele, izingxenye zivunyelwe ukuba zome amahora angu-3. Khona-ke ukusika okuphansi kufakwe i-Kornevin. Ukusika kutshalwa embizeni enenhlabathi evulekile (i-perlite ne-peat) futhi imbozwe ngembiza. Beka endaweni efudumele (24 ° C). Fafaza nsuku zonke futhi uthele amanzi epanini njengoba kudingeka. Inqubo ye-rooting ithatha cishe inyanga engu-1. Khona-ke izitshalo zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezinenhlabathi ye-codiaum.

Ukusika kungagxilwa engilazini yamanzi. Kodwa-ke, kuzodingeka ulondoloze izinga lokushisa elilungile lamanzi - 22 - 24 ° C. Ngokukhula kwezimpande ngo-1,5-2 cm ubude, ama-cuttings atshalwa emhlabathini, abekwe izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngaphansi kwefilimu futhi. bese uqapha ngokucophelela umswakama wenhlabathi (2).

- Bavame ukubhala ngendlela yokuqeda i-codiamu ngeqabunga. Ngempela, iqabunga livela ngokushesha izimpande. Kodwa-ke, inqubo iyama, ngoba ihlumela lokukhula liyadingeka ukuze kuvele isitshalo esisha. Ngakho-ke, yiso kanye isiqu esidingekayo, okungenani ucezu oluncane lwesiqu oluneqabunga, - kuchaza. umqoqi wezitshalo zasendlini u-Elizaveta Starostina.

Izendlalelo. Ezinhlobonhlobo ezinamahlumela amade, indlela yokusabalalisa ngokubeka ingasetshenziswa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa amagxolo engxenyeni engenalutho yegatsha - ngendandatho engu-1 cm ububanzi, sebenzisa i-sphagnum moss oswakanyiswe esilondeni, uyibophe ngefilimu elula, uyilungise kusuka phezulu nangaphansi. Ngenyanga kuzobonakala ukuthi izimpande ziye zahluma kanjani e-moss. Ngaphansi kwawo, igatsha liyasikwa futhi litshalwe emhlabathini. 

Ukufakelwa kwe-Croton ekhaya

Kunconywa ukufakelwa izitshalo ezisencane izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka, izitshalo ezindala kuneminyaka emi-2 - isikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni emi-2, abantu abadala abakhulu abatshalwa kabusha, kepha babuyisela ungqimba olungaphezulu lwenhlabathi njalo ngonyaka.

Ukufakelwa kokuqala kungamasonto ama-2 ngemuva kokuthenga. Ibhodwe kufanele libe ngu-3 - 5 cm ububanzi kunaleli elidala. I-drainage engu-3 cm kufanele ibekwe phansi. Kusukela ekufakweni kwesibili, izitshalo zidluliswa, zizama ukungabhubhisi i-coma yobumba, kodwa zinyakazisa kancane inhlabathi endala. Izimpande ezonakalisiwe nezigulayo ziyanqunywa futhi zibe yimpuphu ngamalahle omisiwe.

Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokufakelwa intwasahlobo. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi awukwazi ukufakelwa isitshalo esiqhakazayo nesigulayo (ngaphandle kwesifo sokubola kwezimpande).

Izifo ze-Croton

I-anthracnose. Ibonakala njengamabala ampunga noma ansundu emaqabunga. Isizathu ngokuvamile ukuchelela ngokweqile kanye namanzi amile endaweni yezimpande. 

Ukuvikela, ukufafaza isitshalo izikhathi ezintathu nokunisela inhlabathi nganoma iyiphi isikhunta, isibonelo, i-Fitosporin noma i-Alirin, isetshenziswa (3). 

Ukubola kwezimpande. Izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo amaqabunga aphenduka aphaphatheka. Bese zoma bese ziwa. 

Isitshalo kumele sitshalwe kabusha ngokuphuthumayo, sisuse izimpande ezithambile nezithintekile, kufafazwe ukusikeka ngamalahle omisiwe. Faka amaphilisi amabili e-Glyocladin engxenyeni engaphezulu yenhlabathi. Fafaza isitshalo namanzi ngekhambi lika-Alirin (3). 

Izinambuzane ze-Croton

I-spider mite. Lezi zinambuzane zishiya ama-puncture amancane namabala amhlophe emaqabunga. 

Njengendlela yokuvimbela, ukufafaza okuvamile nokusula amaqabunga ngesipontshi esimanzi kuye kwazibonakalisa kahle. Kunconywa ukugeza isitshalo esithintekile kahle ngesiponji namanzi anensipho, bese ufafaza i-Actellik noma i-Fitoverm kathathu ngesikhawu sezinsuku ezingu-7 (3).

Shchitovka. Izinambuzane ziyabonakala emaqabunga neziqu - zibukeka njengama-plaque ansundu omile. 

Isitshalo kufanele sisulwe nge-cotton pad efakwe ku-vodka, bese sigeza ngamanzi anensipho, sengeza ukumnika kothuli lukagwayi (isipuni esingu-1 nge-1 litre lamanzi abilayo, ubilise imizuzu engama-30, ushiye usuku, bese uhlunga bese wengeza i-1. isipuni sensipho yokuwasha ewuketshezi) . Kuyanconywa futhi ukufutha i-Actellik (3). 

Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile

Sibuze ngecroton umqoqi wezitshalo zasendlini u-Elizaveta Starostina – uphendule imibuzo ethandwa kakhulu ngabatshali bezimbali.

Imithombo ye

1. Burlutskaya LA Houseplants. // M.: AST, 2009
2. I-Codiaeum variegatum // Plantsrescue. 

   https://www.plantsrescue.com/codiaeum-variegatum/

3. Ikhathalogi yezwe yezibulala-zinambuzane kanye namakhemikhali e-agrochemicals avunyelwe ukusetshenziswa endaweni ye-Federation kusukela ngoJulayi 6, 2021 // Ministry of Agriculture of the Federation

   https://mcx.gov.ru/ministry/departments/departament-rastenievodstva-mekhanizatsii-khimizatsii-i-zashchity-rasteniy/industry-information/info-gosudarstvennaya-usluga-po-gosudarstvennoy-registratsii-pestitsidov-i-agrokhimikatov/