Okuqukethwe
I-Crayfish: ulwazi oluwusizo lomdobi
I-crayfish yomfula (amanzi ahlanzekile), evamile eYurophu naseRussia, ihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana. Bonke bangabamele iqembu lama-decapods. Izilwane zinesembozo se-chitinous esisebenza njengohlaka lwamathambo angaphandle. Ukubonakala kwe-crayfish kuyabonakala, njengomthetho, umbala unombala onsundu ngokuluhlaza okotshani, okwenza ungabonakali ngokumelene nesizinda sangaphansi. I-Crayfish ikhetha imizimba yamanzi enokushintshaniswa okuhle kwe-oxygen, uma ikhona endaweni emile noma ehamba kancane, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ibambelela ezindaweni lapho kuphuma khona amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Zihlala ezindaweni eziningi ezijulile, ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi noma uma kwenzeka ingozi zicasha emigodini embiwe noma ngaphansi kwamatshe, njll. Zikhetha indlela yokuphila yasebusuku neyobusuku. Izitshalo zenza amaphesenti angama-90 okudla kwazo; zidla izilwane kanye nezidumbu ngezikhathi ezithile. Umqondo wokuhogela uthuthuke kakhulu. Angeke babizwe ngezilwane ezithanda amakhaza, kodwa bamatasa ebusika. Anyakazisa ikhanda kuqala, kodwa abhukude ahlehle. Ubukhulu obukhulu bazo zonke izinhlobo busukela ku-20-30 cm. Ama-Crayfish angenwa yisifo esiwumshayabhuqe, inhlupho ye-crayfish, ngakho-ke ukusatshalaliswa kungase kube ngezikhathi ezithile noma nje kungavamile, kodwa kwamanye amanzi kuneziningi kakhulu kangangokuthi zingaba usongo kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ezindaweni eziningi zaseRussia, ukukhishwa kwama-crustaceans amanzi ahlanzekile kulawulwa ngumthetho noma kuvinjelwe. Ngaphambi kokubamba i-crayfish, hlola imithetho yokuvuna lesi silwane.
Izindlela zokubamba ama-crayfish
Naphezu kwezinkinga zezifo nesifo esiwumshayabhuqe, i-crayfish ingaba yinto enhle kakhulu yokudoba, kodwa ngokuvamile "ingumngane omubi" wabadobi, ihlubula izingwegwe, idle ukudla, ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwama-bolies aqinile akusizi. Ebusika, ukudoba eqhweni, abakwazi ukuhlangana kuphela ku-mormyshkas, kodwa futhi kuma-spinner kanye nama-balancers. Kodwa azibambi ngokuqondile ama-crayfish ngezinduku zokudoba. Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu yokuvuna izinkalankala yizinkalankala namanetha. Kusukela ezindleleni zakudala, ungakwazi ukubiza inyamazane ngosizo "lomkhonto" - induku ende, ingxenye ekhonjiwe ehlukaniswa futhi iboshwe. Emanzini angajulile, ebusuku, i-crayfish ingaqoqwa ngesandla. Lokhu kuzodinga ithoshi. Uma ama-crayfish atholakala emifuleni emincane noma emifuleni, khona-ke ungawaqoqa emini ngaphansi kwamatshe nama-snags. Lona umsebenzi othokozisayo, kodwa “oyingozi”. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-crayfish ambiwa ekujuleni kusetshenziswa imaski kanye ne-diving snorkel. Enye indlela ejabulisayo yokubamba i-crayfish iwukubalula "ukudoba ebhuthini". Kubekwe isiyengo ebhuthini, bese lishona phansi ngosizo lwentambo. Iphuma ngemva kwesikhashana. I-Crayfish kufanele igaqe ku-bootleg futhi ithathwe umzingeli.
Amahubo
Lapho udoba ngosizo lwe-crayfish ehlukahlukene, i-bait iyadingeka. Noma iyiphi inyama, izibilini zezilwane, noma inhlanzi ebolile nje ingasetshenziselwa lokhu.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Iningi leRussian Federation, kuhlanganise neSiberia, liyikhaya le-crayfish enamazinyo amancane. I-crayfish enezinzipho ezibanzi, eRussia, inohlu oluncane, ikakhulukazi endaweni yomfula i-Baltic Sea. Lezi crayfish azidluleli ezindaweni ezihlala zodwa, kodwa i-crayfish enezinzalo emincane ibamba izindawo eziningi. Ukusatshalaliswa okukhulu kwe-crayfish enamazipho amancane kuhlotshaniswa nokuvumelana nezimo kangcono kwalolu hlobo. Mhlawumbe, i-crayfish enezinzwane ezincane ithatha izindawo lapho i-crayfish enezinzwane ezibanzi yanyamalala ngenxa yalesi sifo. Kukholakala ukuthi esikhathini esidlule, uzwane oluncane lwalusakazwa kusukela olwandle lwaseCaspian. EYurophu, indawo yokusabalalisa i-crayfish enezinzwane ezibanzi yathathwa olunye uhlobo, umhlaseli - i-American signal crayfish. Ezweni laseRussia, kwatholakala esifundeni saseKaliningrad. EMpumalanga Ekude, endaweni yomfula i-Amur, kukhona olunye uhlobo lwe-crayfish (uhlobo lwe-Cambaroides).
Ukuzalela
I-Crayfish ivuthwa ngokocansi lapho ineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala. Ukuvundisa ku-crayfish kungaphakathi, ngenxa yesakhiwo se-anatomical kanye nolaka lwabesilisa, izimo eziningana kufanele zihlangatshezwe ukuze zizalane ngempumelelo. Okokuqala nje, iduna kufanele libe likhulu kunesifazane, kungenjalo owesifazane angase abaleke. Abesifazane bayesaba abesilisa futhi bayakugwema ukuthintana nabo, ngakho-ke abesilisa baziphatha kabi kakhulu futhi bangakwazi ukushaya kakhulu abesifazane. Amaduna amakhulu ahlangana izikhathi eziningana, ngemva kokuvundiswa okuningana, owesilisa, ngenxa yendlala, angashwabadela owesifazane wokugcina. Ngemva kokukhwelana, ezinsikazi zingase zingashiyi imigodi yazo noma izindawo zokukhosela isikhathi eside, zisaba abesilisa, okuphazamisa umoya wamaqanda, futhi angase afe. Emasontweni amathathu emva kokukhulelwa ngempumelelo, ukuzala kwenzeka. Amaqanda axhunywe kuma-proleg ensikazi futhi azohlala lapho kuze kube yilapho izibungu zichanyuselwa. Ukuphila okuzimele kwezibungu kuqala kuphela ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili.