i-biofeedback. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta okubili^{14, I-46} kanye nokubuyekezwa okuhlelekile⁴⁴ ithole ukuthi ukuncipha okuphawulekayo kwezimpawu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD (ukunganaki, ukushuba ngokweqile kanye nokungasukumi) ngokuvamile kwabonwa ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-neurofeedback. Ukuqhathanisa okwenziwe ngomuthi osebenzayo njenge-Ritalin kugcizelela ukulingana futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuphakama kwe-biofeedback ngaphezu kwalokhu kwelashwa kwakudala. Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi ukusebenzisana kwalabo ababazungezile (othisha, abazali, njll.) ohlelweni lokwelapha kwandisa amathuba okuphumelela nokugcinwa kokuthuthukiswa.^14,16.

Le i-neurofeedback, okuhlukile kwe-biofeedback, kuyindlela yokuqeqesha lapho umuntu engafunda khona ukwenza ngokuqondile umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho bakhe. Phakathi neseshini, umuntu uxhunywe ngama-electrode kusiqaphi esibhala amaza obuchopho. Ngakho-ke idivayisi ivumela umuntu ukuthi azi isimo sokunaka sobuchopho bakhe lapho enza umsebenzi othile futhi "awulungise" ukuze abuyisele ukugxilisa ingqondo.

E-Quebec, ochwepheshe bezempilo abambalwa abenza i-neurofeedback. Ungathola ulwazi kudokotela wakho, i-Order of Nurses of Quebec noma i-Order of Psychologists yaseQuebec.

 isixazululi nkinga yehadiwe nezinsiza. Ngo-2005, izivivinyo ezimbili zomtholampilo ezingahleliwe zashicilelwa. Munye kuphela onikeze imiphumela egculisayo. Lolu uhlolo lwe-crossover olulawulwa yi-placebo lwamasonto angu-12 olubandakanya izingane ezingu-62 ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwengu-16. Bathole ukuncipha okungenani okungama-50% wezimpawu zabo (ukuthatheka, ukunganaki, ukushuba, ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa, njll.)¹⁷. Olunye uvivinyo, ukuhlola kokuhlola, kuqhathanise imiphumela ye-homeopathy naleyo ye-placebo ezinganeni ezingu-43 ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwengu-12.¹⁸. Ngemva kwamasonto angu-18, ukuziphatha kwezingane kuwo womabili amaqembu kwase kuthuthukile, kodwa awukho umehluko obonakalayo owabonwa phakathi kwamaqembu amabili.

 Ukwelashwa kwe-massage nokuphumula. Izivivinyo ezimbalwa zizamile ukukhombisa izinzuzo zokwelashwa kwe-massage ekudambiseni izimpawu ze-ADHD.^19-21 . Kutholwe imiphumela ethile emihle, njengokuncipha kwezinga lokuzixaka ngokweqile kanye nekhono elingcono lokugxilisa ingqondo.¹⁹, isimo sengqondo esithuthukisiwe, ukuziphatha ekilasini kanye nomuzwa wenhlalakahle²¹. Ngokufanayo, umkhuba we-yoga noma ezinye izindlela zokuphumula zingathuthukisa kancane ukuziphatha.⁴².

 Indlela ye-Tomatis. Ukwelashwa kwe-ADHD kungenye yezicelo eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo lwemfundo yokuzwa eyakhiwe udokotela waseFrance, uDkt.^r U-Alfred A. Tomatis. Kubikwa ukuthi kunikeze imiphumela emihle kakhulu ezinganeni zaseFrance ezine-ADHD. Nokho, ukusebenza kwayo akuzange kuhlolwe ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo.

Ngokwendlela ye-Tomatis, i-ADHD ibangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa okungalungile. Ekuqaleni, le ndlela ihlanganisa ukuthuthukisa amakhono okulalela esiguli esincane ngokushukumisa ubuchopho baso futhi sisize ukuba sigxile emisindweni ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Ukuze senze lokhu, isiguli sisebenzisa ama-headphone akhethekile ukuze silalele amakhasethi aklanyelwe le ndlela futhi lapho sithola khona umculo kaMozart, izingoma zikaGregory noma ngisho nezwi likanina.

Indlela yokudla okunomsoco

Ngokusho kwabanye abacwaningi, i-ukudla angaba nesixhumanisi ne ADHD. Le nkolelo-mbono ayikakaqinisekiswa, kodwa izifundo ezimbalwa ziphakamisa ukuba usizo kwezithako zokudla noma izidlo ezithile zokunciphisa izimpawu ze-ADHD.^{38, I-42}.

 Zinc. Ngokwezifundo eziningana, ukushoda kwe-zinc kuhlotshaniswa nezimpawu eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-ADHD. Ukwengeza, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-placebo okubili okwenziwa eTurkey nase-Iran nezingane ze-440 eziphethwe i-ADHD kubonisa ukuthi i-zinc supplement, iyodwa (150 mg ye-zinc sulfate yamaviki angu-12, umthamo ophezulu kakhulu)³³ noma kuhlanganiswe nomuthi ojwayelekile (55 mg we-zinc sulfate amaviki angu-6)³⁴, ingasiza izingane ezinalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izivivinyo zizodingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwayo ezinganeni zaseNtshonalanga, ezisengozini encane yokuhlupheka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-zinc.

 magnesium. Ocwaningweni lwezingane eziyi-116 ezine-ADHD, ama-95% atholakala enezimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-magnesium²⁷. Imiphumela evela ocwaningweni lwamahhala lwe-placebo ezinganeni ezingama-75 ezine-ADHD ikhombisa ukuthi ukuthatha u-200 mg we-magnesium ngosuku izinyanga eziyi-6 kwehlisa ukubonakaliswa kokusebenza ngokweqile ezinganeni ezilashwa ngesithasiselo uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abathole ukwelashwa kwakudala.²⁸. Imiphumela emihle iphinde yatholakala ezinganeni ezingasebenzi kahle ngokufakwa kanyekanye kwe-magnesium ne-vitamin B6.^{29, I-30}.

 Ukudla kwe-Feingold. Ngawo-1970, udokotela waseMelika uBenjamin Feingold²² ushicilele umsebenzi onesihloko esithi Kungani Ingane Yakho Ingasebenzi Ngokukhulu lapho ahlobanisa khona i-ADHD nokudla “ubuthi”. I-D^r U-Feingold uklame ukudla njengendlela yokwelapha eseye yaduma, naphezu kokuntuleka kocwaningo oluqinisekisa ukuxhumana phakathi kokudla kanye ne-ADHD. Encwadini yakhe, uD^r UFeingold uthi angelapha ingxenye yeziguli zakhe ezisencane ezine-ADHD ngokudla i-salicylate mahhala, zikhona kwezinye izitshalo, futhi ngaphandle kwezithasiselo zokudla ama-preservatives noma ama-stabilizers, ama-colorants, ama-sweeteners, njll.)^23,45.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kuye kwenziwa izifundo ezimbalwa kulokhu kudla. Banikeze imiphumela ephikisanayo. Ezinye izifundo ze-empirical zisekela i-thesis kaDkt.^r I-Feingold, kuyilapho ezinye ziholela emiphumeleni ephikisanayo noma enganele^{24, I-25}. I-European Food Information Council (EUFIC) iyabona ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kokuziphatha kuye kwabonwa ngalokhu kudla ezifundweni. Kodwa-ke, uthi, ubufakazi bubuthakathaka²⁶. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2007, ukuhlolwa komtholampilo okungaboni kabili, okulawulwa yi-placebo ezinganeni ezingaba ngu-300 ezineminyaka engu-3 noma 8 kuya ku-9 ubudala kwabonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa imibala orizithasiselo zokudla yokwenziwa anda hyperactivity ezinganeni⁴⁰.

 Ukudla kwe-Hypoallergenic. Kuye kwenziwa izivivinyo zokuhlola ukuthi ukuvimbela ukudla okuvame ukubangela ukungezwani nokudla (ubisi, amantongomane esihlahla, inhlanzi, ukolweni, isoya) kunomthelela ku-ADHD. Okwamanje, imiphumela eqoqiwe iyahlukahluka²³. Izingane okungenzeka kakhulu zihlomule kukho yilezo ezinomlando womndeni wokungezwani komzimba (isifuba somoya, i-eczema, i-allergic rhinitis, njll.) noma imigraines.

Ucwaningo

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zivusa isithakazelo sabacwaningi. Nazi ezimbalwa.

Amafutha acid abalulekile. Amafutha acid abalulekile, okuhlanganisa i-gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) evela emndenini wakwa omega-6 kanye ne-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) evela emndenini wakwa omega-3, ngena ekwakhekeni kolwelwesi oluzungeza ama-neurons. Ucwaningo luye lwathola amazinga aphansi egazi amafutha abalulekile kubantu abane-ADHD³¹. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu zazibonakala kakhulu kubantu abanezinga eliphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kuye kwaholela abanye ososayensi ukuba bacabange ukuthi ukuthatha izithako ezibalulekile ze-fatty acid (isibonelo, amafutha e-primrose yakusihlwa noma amafutha ezinhlanzi) kungasiza ekwelapheni i-ADHD. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yocwaningo olwenziwe kuze kube manje kuma-fatty acid supplements ayikacaci.^{31, I-41}.

Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba). I-Ginkgo ngokwesiko isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa imisebenzi yengqondo. Ocwaningweni lwango-2001 ngaphandle kweqembu le-placebo, abacwaningi baseCanada bathola ukuthi ukuthatha izithako eziqukethe u-200 mg we-American ginseng extract (I-Panax quinquefolium) kanye no-50 mg we-ginkgo biloba extract (AD-FX®) kunganciphisa izimpawu ze-ADHD³⁵. Lolu cwaningo lokuqala lubandakanya izingane ezingama-36 ezineminyaka emi-3 kuye kweyi-17 ezithathe lesi sithasiselo kabili ngosuku amasonto ama-2. Koku-4, uhlolo lomtholampilo olwenziwa ezinganeni zika-2010 ezine-ADHD uma kuqhathaniswa amaviki angu-50 ukusebenza kahle kwezithako ze-Gingko biloba (6 mg kuya ku-80 mg / ngosuku) nalezo ze-Ritalin®. Ngokusho kwababhali, i-Ritalin® yayisebenza kangcono kune-Gingko, okusebenza kwayo ngokumelene nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha akukakafakazelwa.⁴³.

I-Pycnogenol. Ngokwezifundo zokuqala, i-Pycnogenol®, i-antioxidant ekhishwe egxolweni likaphayini, ingase ibe usizo ku-ADHD.³².

Izithako zensimbi. Ngokusho kwabanye abacwaningi, ukushoda kwensimbi kungaba nomthelela ezimpawini ze-ADHD. Ngo-2008, ucwaningo olwenziwa ezinganeni ezingama-23 lwabonisa ukusebenza kwe-iron supplementation (80 mg / d). Abacwaningi babone imiphumela eqhathaniswa naleyo yokwelashwa okuvamile kohlobo lwe-Ritalin. Isengezo sanikezwa amasonto ayi-12 ezinganeni eziyi-18, kwathi eziyi-5 zanikezwa i-placebo. Zonke izingane ezifakwe ocwaningweni bezinenkinga yokushoda kwe-ayoni, okugunyaza ukwengezelelwa.³⁹.