Okuqukethwe
Ukuhlunga isidoda ngendlela ye-Ericsson
Njengoba ubulili bomntwana bunqunywa ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwesidoda (X noma u-Y) esihlangana neqanda, kungaba okwanele ukubona labo abaphethe ama-chromosome afiswa abazali. Ngokombono, kunjalo ngempela kungenzeka ukukhetha isidoda “sowesilisa” kanye “nowesifazane” ngokusebenzisa amasu ofuzo. Isidoda sika-X sine-DNA eningi kunesidoda sika-Y, ngakho sisinda kuno-Y. Ngakho-ke singahlelwa kalula. Ikhona Indlela ye-Ericsson, eqanjwe ngososayensi owayithola. Ukuhlunga kwe-spermatozoa kwenziwa kuma-cell sorters noma kumakholomu e-serum albin gradient. Ukunemba kwale nqubo kusashiya okuningi okufanele kufiswe. futhi kufanelekile ukukhethwa kwamantombazane. E-United States, inqwaba yemitholampilo esebenza ngosizo lokuzala ihlinzeka ngokukhethwa kobulili ngaphambi kokubeletha ekukhetheni isidoda. Ngakho imitholampilo ithola isidoda esakhiwe kuphela isidoda sika-X noma sika-Y, bese sisijova esibelethweni sowesifazane njengengxenye yokufaka isidoda sokwenziwa.
I-Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) ukukhetha ubulili bengane
Namuhla, okuwukuphela kwendlela enokwethenjelwa ngo-100% ekukhetheni ubulili bengane i-PGD (i-preimplantation diagnosis). Le ndlela ivinjelwe eYurophu uma kungekho nhloso yokwelapha.. Kunjalo lapho sikhetha imibungu ukuze kube lula (ukukhetha ubulili bengane). E-France, i-PGD ilawulwa ngokuqinile yi- umthetho we-bioethics ka-2011. Igcinelwe abazali abasengozini yokudlulisela isifo esibi sofuzo enganeni yabo. Ngokwenza njalo, ama-oocyte kamama wesikhathi esizayo oye wathola ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal aqoqwa. Ngemuva kwalokho sifaka i-in vitro fertilization. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zesiko, ingqamuzana elilodwa lombungu ngamunye otholiwe liyahlolwa. Siyazi-ke ukuthi umbungu ungowesifazane noma ngowesilisa futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, uma unempilo. Ekugcineni, imibungu engenazifo ifakwa esibelethweni sowesifazane. Le ndlela ibiza kakhulu futhi izinga lokukhulelwa elitholiwe lihlala liphansi kakhulu, cishe u-15%.
Singaqonda kalula ukuthi ukukhetha ubulili bomntwana ngalolu hlobo lomkhuba kubalulekile izindaba zokuziphatha. Nokho, e-United States nakwezinye izifunda zomhlaba lo mbuzo awuyona impikiswano. Ukuxilongwa kofuzo kwemibungu eyenziwa ngemva kwe-IVF kugunyaziwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinhloso zabazali bakusasa. Laze laba yibhizinisi elinoshukela. E-California nase-Texas, imitholampilo inikeza imibhangqwana ithuba lokukhetha ubulili bengane yabo ngemali engaba ngu-$25. UDkt Steinberg, oyingqalabutho kulo mkhakha, uyinhloko yeFertility Institute, eseLos Angeles. Ukusungulwa kwayo kuheha abantu baseMelika abavela kulo lonke izwekazi, kodwa nabaseCanada. Usethembisa nanamuhla ukukhetha umbala wamehlo engane yakhe.
Ukukhetha ubulili bengane yakho: ukukhipha isisu okukhethekile
Enye indlela engabazeka kakhulu:ukukhipha isisu okukhethiwe. Ngombono, singathola ukuthi silindele umfana noma intombazane ngesikhathi se-ultrasound yesi-2, noma cishe ngesonto lama-22 lokukhulelwa. Kodwa ngokuqhubeka kwezakhi zofuzo, manje sesingakwazi ukwazi ubulili ngenxa yokuhlolwa kwegazi likamama elithathwe kusukela evikini lesi-8 lokukhulelwa. Ngoba i-DNA ye-fetus ikhona ngamanani amancane egazini likamama ozayo. EFrance, le nqubo igcinelwe omama abakhulelwe kuphela okungenzeka basakaze isifo sofuzo.. Kuthiwani uma lokhu kuhlolwa kofuzo bekutholakala kabanzi? Ku-inthanethi, izingosi zaseMelika zinikeza ukuthumela amaconsi ambalwa egazi ukuze uthole ubulili bengane yakho. Ngemva kwalokho ? Ingabe ukukhipha isisu uma ucansi lungafanele?
Qaphela ukuthi zonke lezi zinqubo azivunyelwe e-France, kodwa zigunyazwe kwenye indawo, ikakhulukazi e-United States, lapho umkhuba “ucansiKusabalele kakhulu. Sikhuluma futhi "ukulinganisa komndeni« ukucacisa iqiniso lokukhetha ubulili bengane ezayo ekhuphuka nomfula ukuze kugcinwe ukulingana komfana nentombazane phakathi komndeni.
Ukukhetha ubulili bomntwana ngokudla: Indlela kaDokotela Papa
Indlela kaDkt Papa, ebizwa nangokuthi iPapa diet, yatholwa nguPr Stolkowski futhi yenziwa yaduma uDkt François Papa, udokotela wezifo zabesifazane. Kubandakanya ukuthanda ukudla okuthile kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlobo zokudla ukuze wandise amathuba akho okuba nentombazane noma umfana. Isekelwe ekuguqulweni kokukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye ne-pH yesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Le ndlela igqamisa amazinga empumelelo acishe abe ngu-80%, nakuba izifundo zesayensi zishoda ukufakazela lo mphumela.
Ukubala idethi ye-ovulation ukuze ube nomfana noma intombazane
Umsebenzi owenziwe uDkt Landrum Shettles ukhombisile ukuthi isidoda sika-Y (okuphumela ku-XY, umbungu wesilisa, njengoba iqanda lingu-X) sishesha kunesidoda sika-X (sowesifazane). Isidoda se-X siyanensa, kodwa siphila isikhathi eside emgodini wesibeletho. Ngakho-ke, lapho uya ocansini eduze ne-ovulation, maningi amathuba okuba ube nomfana. Ngokuphambene, lapho wenza uthando kakhulu kude ne-ovulation, cishe izinsuku ezingu-3 kuya kwezi-4 ngaphambi kosuku lokuvuthwa, ukhulisa amathuba akho okuba nentombazane.
Ngendlela efanayo, kukhona indlela yezikhundla zocansi. Njengoba isidoda sika-Y sishesha, ubulili obungena ngokujulile buzokhuthaza ukukhulelwa kwengane yomfana, kanti ukuya ocansini nokungena okungajulile kungakhuthaza ukukhulelwa kwentombazane.