Ukuhlolwa kwe-IQ kwengane
Umbono othi "intelligence quotient" (IQ) uqala ukudlala kusukela eminyakeni engu-2 nengxenye. Ngaphambili, sikhuluma "nge-quotient yokuthuthukiswa" (QD). I-QD ihlolwa ukuhlolwa kweBrunet-Lézine.
Ngemibuzo ebuzwa kubazali nezivivinyo ezincane ezinikezwa izingane, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo siqonda amakhono emoto, ulimi, ukuxhumana kwe-oculomotor, kanye nokuxhumana kwengane. I-QD itholakala ngokuqhathanisa iminyaka yangempela yengane naleyo yokukhula okubhekiwe. Isibonelo, uma ingane inezinyanga eziyi-10 zobudala bangempela kanye nezinyanga eziyi-12 zeminyaka yokukhula, i-DQ yayo izoba nkulu kuneziyi-100. Lokhu kuhlola kunenani elihle lokubikezela ekhonweni lengane lokuzivumelanisa nezimfuno ze. inkulisa. Kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amakhono omntwana ancike kakhulu ekukhuthazeni okunikezwa indawo yomkhaya wakubo.
I-IQ ikalwa ngesilinganiso se-Weschler
Ithuluzi eliyinkomba lamazwe ngamazwe, lokhu kuhlola kuza ngezindlela ezimbili, kuye ngeminyaka yengane: i-WPPSI-III (kusukela eminyakeni engu-2,6 ukuya kweyi-7,3 iminyaka) kanye ne-WISC-IV (kusukela eminyakeni engu-6 kuya kweyi-16,11). ). Ngokusebenzisa “ama-quotients” noma “ama-indices”, sikala amakhono ethu omlomo nanengqondo, kodwa futhi nobunye ubukhulu obunemininingwane eyengeziwe njengenkumbulo, ikhono lokugxilisa ingqondo, isivinini sokucubungula, ukuxhumana kwe-graph-motor. , ukufinyelela komqondo. Lokhu kuhlola kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola ubunzima bengqondo yengane. Noma ubuncane bayo!
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