Okuqukethwe
I-sea wolf, i-koykan, i-sea bass, i-pike perch, i-lubin, i-brancino, i-branzino, i-spigola, ekuqaleni kwesinye isikhathi ama-sea bass - wonke lawa amagama ezinhlanzi eyodwa, okuthi, njengezihlobo zayo eziseduze, i-ichthyologists ibiza i-laurel evamile. Ireferensi yendawo yendawo evamile yokusabalalisa i-laurel itholakala engxenyeni esempumalanga yolwandle i-Atlantic Ocean. Izinhlobo ezisondelene kakhulu nazo ziyatholakala kwezinye izifunda zoLwandlekazi Lomhlaba, isibonelo: ama-sea bass anemigqa ehlala eNtshonalanga ye-Atlantic; amabhasi olwandle aseMelika amhlophe, nawo atholakala ngasogwini olusempumalanga yeNyakatho Melika; I-pike perch yaseJapane ehlala eJapane, oLwandle Oluphuzi, ogwini lwaseChina nasePeter the Great Bay. Ama-sea bass angawomndeni kapelepele, ayizinhlanzi zasolwandle eziphakathi nendawo. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-sea bass zingakhula zifike ku-1 m ubude futhi zibe ngu-12 kg ngesisindo, kodwa i-American striped bass kucatshangwa ukuthi inkulu. Izinhlanzi ezaziwayo ezingaphezu kuka-50 kg. Izisekelo zasolwandle zinemizimba emide, eyisicaba, embozwe ngezikali ezinosayizi omaphakathi. Umbala wezinhlanzi ukhuluma ngemodi ye-pelargic yokuphila. Ingemuva linombala ompunga womnqumo, kanti izinhlangothi zinombala osiliva. Ezinye izinhlobo zinemigqa yobude. Kunezimpiko ezimbili ezihlukene ngemuva, ngaphambili i-spiny. I-laurel evamile inophawu olumnyama olufiphele engxenyeni engenhla yekhava yegill. Kubantu abasha, amabala ahlakazekile abonwa emzimbeni, kodwa ngokuya ngeminyaka ayanyamalala. Izakhamuzi zaseYurophu naseJapane zizalela izinhlanzi ngenjongo yokuthengisa. Ama-Sea Basses agcinwa kokubili kumadamu okwenziwa nasemakhejini olwandle. Ehlobo, uLavraki uhlala eduze nogu, ngokuvamile emathekwini nasemachibini, futhi lapho kubanda baya olwandle. Ukubekezelela kalula izimo ze-brackish, imizimba yamanzi ekhishwe usawoti. Abantu abasha baphila impilo ebuthaka, ngokuya ngeminyaka bakhetha ukuhlala bodwa. Lena inhlanzi esebenzayo, evame ukuhamba ifuna ukudla. Idla ama-crustaceans ahlukahlukene kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane. Ukuzingela ngokujaha noma ukuhlasela inyamazane. Ama-sea bass ayizinhlobo ezivamile ze-marine ichthyofauna, zimelelwe kabanzi, kodwa emingceleni yobubanzi bazo, zingahlala ezindaweni ezincane. Ngakho-ke, kunemikhawulo ekubambeni oLwandle Olumnyama nasogwini lweBritish Isles.
Izindlela zokudoba
Zonke izinhlobo zama-sea bass ziyizinhlanzi ezithengiswayo ezibalulekile. Azikho kangako izithakazelo zokudoba amateur. Izindlela ezidume kakhulu zokubamba le nhlanzi zingabhekwa njengokudoba impukane nokuphotha. Ikakhulukazi, ekuhlukeni kokudoba ogwini: i-rockfishing, i-surffishing nokunye. I-Seabass seabas ivame ukusondela ogwini phakathi namagagasi aphakeme, futhi uma ibhekwa ukuthi iyizilwane ezidla inyama ephilayo futhi esebenzayo, inika abadobi injabulo enkulu ekuzingeleni. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokudoba ukuhwalala nesikhathi sasebusuku. Ikakhulukazi gqamisa amahora ngaphambi kokuntwela kokusa.
Ngibamba ama-sea bass ekuphotheni
Uma ukhetha igiya lokubamba i-"cast" yakudala yokuphotha, kuhle ukuthi uqhubeke nomgomo othi "usayizi wokudla + usayizi wendondo". Njengoba kunikezwe indlela yokuphila yama-laurels, ukudoba ukuphotha kungase kuhluke kakhulu. Bangabanjwa kokubili kusukela ezikebheni endaweni yogu futhi kusukela ogwini. Ngakho-ke, izisekelo zasolwandle zingaba ama-trophies, kokubili kubathandi bokudoba ngokukhululekile, ezimweni ezithokomele zezikebhe zasolwandle, kanye nokuzingela okuhlola eduze kwamadwala asogwini noma usebe lwesihlabathi. Basebenzisa ama-baits asendulo: ama-spinner, ama-wobblers kanye nokulingiswa kwe-silicone. Ama-reels kufanele abe nokutholakala okuhle kwentambo yokudoba noma intambo. Ngaphandle kwe-braking system engenazinkinga, ikhoyili kufanele ivikelwe emanzini anosawoti. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemishini yokudoba olwandle, izintambo ezisheshayo ziyadingeka, okusho isilinganiso esiphezulu segiya lomshini wokusonga. Ngokomgomo wokusebenza, amakhoyili angaba kokubili kokuphindaphinda futhi angabi ne-inertial. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, izinduku zikhethwa ngokuya ngesistimu ye-reel. Ukukhethwa kwezinduku kuhluke kakhulu, okwamanje, abakhiqizi banikeza inombolo enkulu "yezikhala" ezikhethekile ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zokudoba kanye nezinhlobo ze-bait. Uma udoba ngezinhlanzi zasolwandle eziphothayo, indlela yokudoba ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze ukhethe i-wiring efanele, kuyadingeka ukuthintana nabadobi abanolwazi noma abaqondisi. Futhi kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho ulungiselela, kubalulekile ukuthola usayizi wezindebe ezingaba khona, futhi endabeni yokudoba izinhlanzi ezisezingeni eliphakathi, ngokwesibonelo, ogwini lwaseYurophu, kwanele ukudlula. ngegiya elilula nelinhle kakhulu.
Fly ukudoba olwandle bass
I-Lavrakov, kanye nezinye izinhlanzi zasogwini, zibanjwe ngokudoba olwandle. Ezimweni eziningi, ngaphambi kohambo, kufanelekile ukucacisa osayizi bazo zonke izindebe ezingaba khona ezihlala esifundeni lapho kuhlelwa khona ukudoba. Njengomthetho, ulwandle "lomhlaba wonke", amagiya okudoba ezindizayo angabhekwa njengesigaba esisodwa se-9-10. Lapho ubamba abantu abaphakathi nendawo, ungasebenzisa amasethi amakilasi angama-6-7. Basebenzisa ama-bait amakhulu, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izintambo ekilasini eliphakeme, elihambisana nezinduku zesandla esisodwa. Ama-reel amaningi kufanele afanele isigaba senduku, ngokulindela ukuthi okungenani ama-200 m okusekela okuqinile kufanele abekwe phezu kwe-spool. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi igiya lizovezwa emanzini anosawoti. Ikakhulukazi, le mfuneko isebenza kumakhoyili nezintambo. Lapho ukhetha ikhoyili, kufanele unake ngokukhethekile ukuklanywa kwesistimu ye-brake. I-clutch ye-friction akumele ithembeke kuphela ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa futhi ivikelwe ekungeneni kwamanzi anosawoti kumshini. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ezimweni zokudoba njalo eduze nogu, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imikhumbi yamanzi, ama-surf ahlukahlukene kanye nezinduku zokushintsha zifanelekile kakhulu futhi zilula, okukuvumela ukuba udobe ngokunethezeka futhi isikhathi eside, ususa ingxenye yomthwalo ehlombe. ibhande ngenxa yokusetshenziswa, ngesikhathi sokuphonsa, izandla zombili Ngesikhathi sokudoba izinhlanzi zasolwandle, kuhlanganise nama-sea bass, inqubo ethile yokulawula izintambo iyadingeka. Ikakhulukazi esigabeni sokuqala, kufanelekile ukuthatha izeluleko zabaqondisi abanolwazi.
Amahubo
Lapho udoba ngegiya lokuphotha, njengoba sekushiwo, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa cishe yonke i-arsenal yezintambo zanamuhla zokusakaza "i-cast" elingisa ukudla kwemvelo kwama-sea bass. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi okuthandwayo kwezinhlanzi zendawo kungase kulungiswe kancane. Ngokusho kwama-anglers anolwazi kanye ne-ichthyologists, imenyu yezinhlanzi, kuye ngokuthi inkathi kanye nendawo yokudoba, ingashintsha ekuthandweni, kusuka kuma-crustaceans kuya ezinhlanzi ezincane. Ekudobeni kwezindiza, ukulingiswa okuhlukahlukene kokudla okungenzeka kwama-sea bass kuyasetshenziswa. Lezi zingaba ama-streamer kusuka ku-4 cm ngosayizi, izinhlobonhlobo ze-bait zangaphandle, ngesitayela se-popper noma isilayidi, ukulingiswa kwezilwane ezingenamgogodla.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, naphezu kwendlela yokuphila ye-pelargic nezindlela zokuzingela ezisebenzayo, izinhlobo eziningi zama-sea bass zihlala emanzini ogwini lwamazwekazi neziqhingi. Ngaphandle nasekuziphatheni, izinhlobo zama-laurel ziyefana. Ama-sea bass avamile ahlala emanzini asempumalanga ye-Atlantic ukusuka eSenegal kuya eNorway, kuhlanganise neMedithera kanye noLwandle Olumnyama. Izinhlobo zaseMelika zama-sea bass zihlala ogwini olusentshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika futhi ziyizindawo zokudoba ezidumile zokungcebeleka kuso sonke isifunda. E-Russia, ama-laurels angabanjwa ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama naseningizimu yeMpumalanga Ekude.
Ukuzalela
I-Lavrak izalela endaweni esogwini. Ukuzala kungokwesizini, kuye ngendawo yokuhlala kanye nezinga lokushisa lamanzi. I-fecundity yabesifazane iphakeme kakhulu, amaqanda ayi-pelargic, kodwa uma ungekho umsinga, ahlala phansi futhi anamathele ekukhululekeni. I-American striped sea bass iyinhlanzi e-semi-anadromous eza izozalela endaweni yomfula emifula.