Umndeni we-killer whale ungowohlelo lwe-catfish. Lo mndeni uhlanganisa izizukulwane ezingama-20 kanye nezinhlobo ezingama-227. Iningi labo lihlala e-Afrika nase-Asia. Zonke izinhlanzi zinezici eziningi ezivamile, kodwa futhi kukhona umehluko ophawulekayo, kokubili ekubukekeni nasekuphileni. Ezicini ezivamile ze-morphological, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukungabikho kwezikali, umzimba onqunu uhlanganiswe ne-mucus; ukuba khona kwe-adipose fin, ku-dorsal kanye ne-pectoral fins kukhona ama-spikes abukhali; izimpondo zizwakala kahle ekhanda, ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi kukhona amapheya angu-4 azo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-spikes emaphikweni emikhomo ebulalayo ehlukene angaba nobude obuhlukene, ukwakheka, futhi avikela ngokuyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-spikes anezindlala ezinobuthi, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqaphela yonke imikhomo ebulalayo. Zonke izinhlanzi zomndeni zibonakala nge-thermophilicity. Lesi sici sibonakaliswa ngokuyinhloko ngokuphathelene nesikhathi sokuzala. Ensimini yeRussian Federation, endaweni yase-Amur, kunezinhlobo ezingu-5 zemikhomo ebulalayo, kodwa edume kakhulu futhi evamile yizimbili: umkhomo obulalayo kanye nomkhomo obulalayo. Igama lesiRashiya elithi "killer whale" livela egameni lesiNanai elithi "kachakta", abantu bendawo abalibiza ngokuthi i-catfish ehlukahlukene.
I-creaking killer whale ingenye yezinhlanzi ezisakazeke kakhulu ze-Amur. Umzimba wezinhlanzi unobude obumaphakathi futhi umbozwe nge-villi (ezinhlanzi ezindala). I-dorsal fin ephakeme enomgogodla ocijile; i-adipose fin incane kakhulu kune-anal fin. Amaphiko e-Pectoral anemigogodla emisekile. I-tail fin inenotshi ejulile. Umlomo ungaphansi, amehlo anesikhumba, ijwabu leso. Umbala ugcwele okumnyama, okumnyama-luhlaza, isisu siphuzi, imigqa emnyama futhi elula igijima wonke umzimba kanye namaphiko. Le nhlanzi yathola igama layo ngenxa yekhono lokwenza imisindo ngosizo lwamaphiko e-pectoral. Ubukhulu obukhulu abudluli ku-35 cm. Izinhlanzi ngokuvamile azibanjwa ngaphezu kwama-400 gr. Lezi yizinhlanzi ezivame kakhulu phakathi nendawo ephansi ye-Amur. Ehlobo, inamathela ezindaweni ezinomsinga othulile, umzila, ama-shallows, njalonjalo. Incamela phansi okunodaka noma okunobumba. Ebusika, iya ekujuleni okukhulu, kokubili esiteshini se-Amur ngokwaso, nasemachibini naseziteshini. I-Skripuny idla kakhulu, idla emanzini ahlukene. Ukudla kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezilwane zasemanzini, kanye nezinambuzane zasemhlabeni eziseduze namanzi kanye nezibungu zazo. Imikhomo emidala ebulala abantu abadala idla izingane zezinye izinhlanzi. Isibalo semikhomo ebulalayo silulama ngokushesha uma kwenzeka kubanjiswa noma isifo esiwumshayabhuqe.
Umkhoma obulala imivimbo noma umkhomo obulala i-Ussuri unomzimba omude kakhulu, ikakhulukazi i-caudal peduncle. Umgogodla we-dorsal fin ubude obufanayo ne-pectoral fins futhi unenotshi. Amehlo mancane, akukho ukugoqa kwesikhumba sejwabu leso. Umbala wezinhlanzi u-monophonic, njengomthetho, ophuzi-ompunga, ulula esiswini. Lolu hlobo lwe-orcas lune-dimorphism yocansi evelele kakhulu (umehluko). Umzimba wabesilisa uba mude futhi uba isicaba. Umkhomo obulala iziswebhu ungakhula ube uhhafu wemitha ubude. Ngokuvamile uthola izinhlanzi ezinesisindo esingama-600-800 gr. Lolu hlobo lwemikhomo ebulalayo lubonakala kakhulu engxenyeni yomzila wemifula. Ngokunokwenzeka, endaweni yase-Amur bakha imiphakathi ehlukene, engayodwa futhi ayenzi ukufuduka okukhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlanzi nazo zihlala emachibini, isibonelo, eKhanka. Njengomkhoma obulalayo, umkhomo o-squeaky unokudla okuhlukahlukene futhi ungadla kuzo zonke izingqimba zamanzi, kuhlanganise nangaphezulu. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zibonakala ngokukhula kancane, nakuba i-lash killer whale ikhula ngokushesha kunezinye izinhlobo ze-catfish. Izinhlanzi zifinyelela ubukhulu obungama-50 cm kuphela ngeminyaka eyi-10. Imizwelo engokwemvelo edla inyama yomkhomo i-whip killer ayithuthukisiwe kakhulu kunaleyo ye-creaker. Ebusika, ayiyeki ukudla, nakuba umsebenzi uphansi kakhulu.
Izindlela zokudoba
Abadobi bendawo banesimo sengqondo esingaqondakali ngemikhomo ebulalayo. Ikakhulukazi kumdlali wevayolini. Ngenxa yokuminza nokutholakala yonke indawo, bayaphazamisa ekubambeni ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, okucasula abadobi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho bedoba izinhlanzi, badala izinkinga eziningi lapho bekhumula ngenxa yemigodi ebukhali enobuthi. Abadobi abaningi bendawo abayibambi ngokuqondile imikhomo ebulalayo, futhi uma ibanjiwe, abaningi baphatha amagilavu namathuluzi ukuze bakwazi ukuqeda ameva. Ama-Killer whales asebenza kakhulu ehlobo. Ukubamba lezi zinhlanzi akunzima, futhi asikho isidingo semishini ekhethekile. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezintambo zokudoba ezintantayo neziphansi zifanelekile kulokhu. Kubandakanya ezilula kakhulu, ngendlela yamadonki, ama-half-donks kanye nokudla okulula. Kulokhu, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi zombili lezi zinhlobo zihlala phansi, kodwa umkhomo obulalayo ngokuvamile uhlala eduze nogu.
Amahubo
Ukuze ubambe imikhomo ebulalayo, kusetshenziswa inani elikhulu lama-baits emvelo ahlukahlukene. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zidla kakhulu. Ama-anglers amaningi akholelwa ukuthi lapho eqondisa lezi zinhlanzi, inani lezingwegwe ekubambeni libaluleke kakhulu kunohlobo lwe-bait ukuze kube nokuphumelela okukhulu. Ngokuluma okusebenzayo, zingaki izingwegwe - izinhlanzi ezingaka ezibanjwe ngokudubula okukodwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-creaker iluma ngisho nalapho ezinye izinhlobo zingenaso isithakazelo ngokuphelele kuma-baits. Kuyaziwa ukuthi imikhomo ebulalayo e-squeaky nayo isabela ezindleleni zemifino ngendlela yephalishi noma isinkwa, kodwa ngokuvamile izikelemu, izingcezu zezinhlanzi, nezinambuzane zisetshenziselwa ukubamba.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Kuzo zombili izinhlobo zemikhomo ebulalayo, isigodi somfula i-Amur siwumngcele osenyakatho wendawo yabo. Zivamile futhi enyakatho nasempumalanga yeChina, eNhlonhlweni YaseKorea. I-squeaky killer whale yaziwa kweminye imifula enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeSakhalin naseningizimu yeziQhingi zaseJapan (Hondo neShikoku). Esigodini sase-Amur, zimelelwe kabanzi. Akukho eMongolia.
Ukuzalela
Zombili lezi zinhlobo zama-killer whale zivuthwa ngokocansi lapho zineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala. Isikhathi sokuzala senzeka ehlobo, ngokuvamile ngoJuni-Julayi. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi zombili lezi zinhlobo zezilwane zimba imigodi phansi ezinodaka futhi ziqaphe amatshe. Isikhathi sokuzala kwama-squeaker whales sifundwa kangcono ngenxa yokuthi izinhlanzi zihlala eduze nogu. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, izinhlanzi zakha amaqoqo amakhulu. Izindawo zabo zokuzalela zifana namakoloni e-sand martins.