Okuqukethwe
Ama-groupers awuhlobo olukhulu lwezinhlanzi, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-100. Bangamalungu omndeni we-rock perch. Ngokuvamile, umndeni uhlanganisa izizukulwane ezingu-50 kanye nezinhlobo ezingu-400. Iningi lama-groupers lihlala esifundeni sase-Indo-Pacific (izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-50). Izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo zingabizwa ngokuhlukile, isibonelo, i-merow noma emnyama. Ama-groupers, naphezu kokufana okuvamile, ahluke kakhulu ngombala nangosayizi. Ukuhlukahluka kombala akuxhomekile kuphela ezinhlobonhlobo, kodwa futhi nezimo zokuphila. Izinhlanzi zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ama-chameleon olwandle". Izici zobuntu: ikhanda elikhulu elinomlomo omkhulu, umhlathi ongezansi uphushelwa phambili, umzimba omkhulu, ocindezelwe eceleni. Emihlathini kunamazinyo anjengama-bristle namazinyo amaningana amakhulu amise okwe-canine. Uma ibanjwe, inhlanzi akufanele ibanjwe ama-gill. I-Gill rakers ihlanganiswe nama-appendages abukhali, ngakho-ke kunengozi yokulimala. Ubukhulu bungahluka kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo. Ngobude, abanye abantu bafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-2.5 m, nakuba abanye bengakhuli ngaphezu kuka-20 cm. I-grouper enkulu (i-Red Sea ne-Indian Ocean) ikhula ngaphezu kwama-400 kg. Ama-groupers anolaka, abanye abantu bangaba yingozi kubatshuzi. Ngokunokwenzeka, babona umuntu njengengozi noma imbangi. Wonke ama-groupers, kusukela esemncane, angabazingeli abakhuthele, ukuluthwa kokudla akukho. Le nhlanzi imunca izisulu zayo, idale indawo engenalutho ezungeze into ezingelwayo, ivule umlomo wayo omkhulu oyindilinga. Ihlasela kokubili izinhlanzi ezincane noma izilwane ezingenamgogodla, futhi, isibonelo, izimfudu zasolwandle. Ukuziphatha kokuzingela nakho kuhlukile. Ihlala ekujuleni okuhlukene eduze kwamadwala anemvelaphi ehlukene, lapho igcina khona izindawo zokukhosela, ilinde inyamazane noma igade indawo engezansi eduze kwamadwala noma izitshalo zasemanzini. Awenzi amaqembu amakhulu, angasondela ogwini, nakuba ngokuvamile ehlala ekujuleni okukhulu, cishe amamitha ayi-100 noma ngaphezulu.
Izindlela zokudoba
Izinhlanzi ziyahaha futhi ziyazitika. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu ukudoba okungamfundanga phansi kokuphotha izicupho. Ngaphezu kwemishini yokuphotha yendabuko, i-trolling, i-drifting njalonjalo isetshenziswa ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene. Indlela yokudoba kanye nemishini ayixhomeki kuphela ekuthandweni kwabadobi, kodwa futhi nezimo zokudoba. Ngokuvamile, ukudoba kwenzeka ekujuleni okukhulu eduze naphansi noma eduze nendawo enamatshe ayinkimbinkimbi. Nganoma iyiphi indlela yokudoba, kusetshenziswa ama-bait esindayo noma izijusi ezikhethekile, njengasendabeni yokunyathela. Lapho ukhetha amagiya, kufanele uthole usayizi wama-trophies angenzeka.
Ukubamba amaqoqo ngokuphotha
Indlela eyinhloko yokudoba ngamagiya okuphotha i-jigging. Ukudoba, imvamisa, kwenzeka ezikebheni zamakilasi ahlukahlukene. Ukubhekana, ekudobeni okuphotha izinhlanzi zasolwandle, njengalapho ku-trolling, imfuneko eyinhloko ukwethembeka. Ama-reel kufanele abe nokunikezwa okuhlaba umxhwele kwentambo yokudoba noma intambo. Ngaphandle kwe-braking system engenazinkinga, ikhoyili kufanele ivikelwe emanzini anosawoti. Ukudoba ngokuphotha emkhunjini kungase kuhluke ezimisweni zokunikezwa kwezihenqo. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemishini yokudoba olwandle, izintambo ezisheshayo ziyadingeka, okusho isilinganiso esiphezulu segiya lomshini wokusonga. Ngokomgomo wokusebenza, amakhoyili angaba kokubili kokuphindaphinda futhi angabi ne-inertial. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, izinduku zikhethwa ngokuya ngesistimu ye-reel. Uma udoba ngezinhlanzi zasolwandle eziphothayo, indlela yokudoba ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze ukhethe izintambo ezifanele, kufanele uthintane nabadobi basendaweni abanolwazi noma abaqondisi.
Ukubamba ama-groupers uma uhamba ngezinyawo
Ama-groupers, ngenxa yobukhulu nobumnene bawo, athathwa njengabaphikisi abathakazelisa kakhulu bokunyathela. Ukuze uzibambe, uzodinga ukudoba okunzima kakhulu. I-Sea trolling iyindlela yokudoba ngosizo lwemoto ehambayo, njengesikebhe noma isikebhe. Ukudoba olwandle nasezindaweni ezivulekile zasolwandle, kusetshenziswa imikhumbi ekhethekile enamathuluzi amaningi. Okuyinhloko kukhona abanikazi bezintambo, ngaphezu kwalokho, izikebhe zifakwe izihlalo zokudlala izinhlanzi, itafula lokwenza ama-baits, imisindo enamandla ye-echo nokunye. Izinduku nazo zisetshenziswa ezikhethekile, ezenziwe nge-fiberglass namanye ama-polymers anokufakwa okukhethekile. Amakhoyili asetshenziswa ngokuphindaphinda, umthamo omkhulu. Idivayisi yama-trolling reels ingaphansi komqondo oyinhloko walelo giya - amandla. I-mono-line, kuze kufike ku-4 mm ubukhulu noma ngaphezulu, ikalwa, ngokudoba okunjalo, ngamakhilomitha. Ziningi impela izinto ezisizayo ezisetshenziswa kuye ngezimo zokudoba: ukujulisa okokusebenza, ukubeka ama-bait endaweni yokudoba, ukunamathisela udobo, nokunye, okuhlanganisa izinto eziningi zemishini. Endabeni yokubamba ama-groupers, isici esibalulekile sezinto zokusebenza amasinki ahlukahlukene (ama-burrowers). Izinhlanzi zibanjwa, ngokuvamile, zizulazula eduze kwezixhobo zemvelaphi ehlukahlukene, ziphonsa udobo eduze nendawo yokumisa izinhlanzi. I-Trolling, ikakhulukazi lapho uzingela imidondoshiya yasolwandle, iwuhlobo lweqembu lokudoba. Njengomthetho, kusetshenziswa izinduku eziningana. Endabeni yokulunywa, ukuze kubanjwe ngempumelelo, ukuhambisana kweqembu kubalulekile. Ngaphambi kohambo, kuhle ukuthola imithetho yokudoba esifundeni. Ezimweni eziningi, ukudoba kwenziwa ngabaqondisi abangochwepheshe abanomthwalo wemfanelo ngokugcwele kulo mcimbi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukucinga indondo olwandle noma olwandle kungase kuhlotshaniswe namahora amaningi okulinda ukulunywa, ngezinye izikhathi kungaphumeleli.
Ukubamba ama-groupers ngokukhukhuleka
Ukudoba ngamaqembu ngokukhukhuleka kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezikebhe ezihlonyiswe ngokukhethekile noma izikebhe ezinezibambi zezinduku. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ubukhulu bezintambo bungabonakala bubaluleke kakhulu, obudinga ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kubahleli bokudoba. Ukudoba kwenziwa ngosizo lwezinduku zasolwandle ezinama-snaps for baits yemvelo. "Ukukhukhuleka" ngokwako kwenziwa ngenxa yamaza olwandle noma umoya. Ezimweni eziningi, ukudoba kwenziwa ngokuhuheka kwezilwane ezidla ezinye ngezilwane ezihlukahlukene zokubunjwa kwezilwane. Ku-rig, abanye abadobi basebenzisa ama-alamu amakhulu e-bobber bite. Ukuhamba kancane komkhumbi kwandisa indawo yokudoba futhi kudala ukulingisa ukunyakaza kwe-bait.
Amahubo
Ukuze babambe ama-groupers ngegiya le-amateur, basebenzisa okuhlukahlukene, kokubili ukudla okuzenzela kanye nemvelo kanye nemibhobho. Phakathi kwemvelo, kufanelekile ukuphawula izinhlanzi ezincane eziphilayo, isibonelo, i-barracudas encane, i-sardines. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-cephalopods amancane asetshenziswa. Ukudoba ngokuphotha, ukujikijela noma ukunyathela, ama-wobblers ahlukahlukene kanye nokulingiswa kwe-silicone yokwenziwa kuyasetshenziswa.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Ama-groupers ajwayelekile cishe kuwo wonke amanzi afudumele e-World Ocean kanye nolwandle oluyingxenye yalo. Njengoba sekushiwo, izinhlobo eziningi zamaqoqo zihlala ePacific nase-Indian Ocean. E-Atlantic, kunezinhlobo eziningana zezilwane ezihlala eCaribbean, kanye neMedithera kanye noLwandle Olumnyama. Ngasogwini lwaseMelika, izinhlanzi zihlala ezindaweni ezingaqhubeki. Ukubanjwa okukhulu kwamaqoqo asogwini lwaseNtshonalanga Afrika.
Ukuzalela
Kwabameleli bomndeni wakwaSerranidae, okuyingxenye yawo amaqoqo, isici esithile siyisici endleleni yokukhiqiza kabusha. Izinhlobo eziningi zingama-hermaphrodites. Kukho konke ukuphila, bashintsha ubulili babo. Kumaqoqo amaningi, ama-metamorphoses anjalo angenzeka izikhathi eziningana empilweni yonke, ngakwesinye icala noma kwenye. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, bakha amaqembu amakhulu, bazala izigidi zamaqanda, kodwa iningi labo alisindi. Kukholakala ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuzala, izinhlanzi zine-zhor eqinile. EGulf of Mexico, ngesikhathi sokuzala, kubanjiswa inqwaba yama-groupers anamanetha negiya lokudonsa, okulithinta kakhulu inani lalezi zinhlanzi.