Okuqukethwe
Akukho ukudoba okuthengekayo kunokudoba i-carp. Iluma cishe kuzo zonke izithiyo futhi ungakwazi ukuyibamba ngezindlela eziningi, ezilula neziyinkimbinkimbi. Noma kunjalo, ubukhulu bokubamba ngeke kuncike nje enhlanhleni nomsebenzi wezinhlanzi, kodwa futhi nolwazi lwe-angler.
i-carassius
I-Crucian, noma i-Carassius (lat.) - inhlanzi evela emndenini we-carp. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezizimele zale nhlanzi - i-Carassius Carassius, noma i-golden crucian, ne-Carassius Gibelio, noma i-crucian yesiliva. Zihluke ngombala wezilinganiso, inani lezikali emgqeni we-lateral (i-carp yegolide inama-33 okungenani, i-carp yesiliva inamancane), indawo yokuhlala kanye nokuzalanisa. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zingahlala ndawonye, ngokwehlukana, noma zakhe imiphakathi ehlangene, ukuziphatha kwazo endaweni yokulondoloza amanzi kuyafana. Ukuma komzimba we-crucian kubanzi, kuncishiswe kancane kusuka ezinhlangothini.
Isisindo se-goldfish sikhulu kancane - sifinyelela isisindo samakhilogremu angu-2.5 nangaphezulu. I-Silver carp incane, kodwa ikhula ngokushesha. Isisindo sayo esiphezulu singamakhilogremu amabili. Isisindo esivamile sezinhlanzi zazo zombili izinhlobo, esiya ku-angler ku-hook, sisukela kumagremu angamashumi amahlanu kuya kukhilogremu, ukubamba abantu abakhulu akuvamile.
I-crucian idla isencane nge-zooplankton, ama-crustaceans. Lapho ikhula, ishintshela ekudleni izinambuzane zasemanzini, idla izibungu, izikelemu nezinye izilwane ezincane. Abantu abakhulu bangama-omnivorous futhi bangabonisa ngisho nemikhuba yezilwane ezidla ezinye - lokhu kufakazelwa isipiliyoni sabanye abadobi abakwazi ukubamba i-crucian carp ku-drop-shot e-Yakutia. Kodwa-ke, ukudoba kwayo ngokuvamile kulinganiselwe ezitshalweni nasezinyameni.
Kumaphi amadamu kutholakala i-crucian carp
Izindawo ezivamile zale nhlanzi amachibi amancane namanzi angemuva athule. Ukuma kwale nhlanzi akusizi kakhulu ukunqoba amandla amanje, ngakho-ke i-crucian carp ivame kakhulu ezindaweni ngaphandle kwayo noma uma ibuthakathaka kakhulu. I-Crucian carp i-thermophilic impela, ngakho-ke ivame ukuhlala lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphakeme kakhulu kune-reservoir yonke - eduze nokuhlangana kwamapayipi afudumele, eduze nezindawo lapho izitshalo ezibolayo zikhipha ukushisa, lapho amanzi efudumala kahle.
Emachibini nasemachibini aseSiberia aqandayo acishe afike phansi, izigxobo ezincane ezinodaka e-our country, ezomisa cishe ngokuphelele ekushiseni kwehlobo, akakwazi nje ukusinda, kodwa futhi ukwandisa lapho izimo zivuma lokhu. Ngakho-ke, amachibi ahlanzekile e-crucian, lapho ewukuphela kwezinhlanzi, awavamile. Yiqiniso, ezimweni ezinjalo ezicindezelwe, i-crucian ngokuvamile iyancipha.
Ukujula lapho i-crucian itholakala khona ngokuvamile kuncane, kufika kumamitha amathathu. Ngisho nasemachibini ajulile nasemachibini, uthanda amanzi angashoni angasogwini. Kodwa-ke, uma ukujula okuphelele kwe-reservoir kukuncane, ungahlangabezana nakho kokubili endaweni yogu namaphakathi kakhulu namathuba afanayo. Inomzimba oqinile, oyivumela ukuba ihambe phakathi kwezihlahla zezitshalo zasemanzini futhi ifune ukudla lapho. Ngokuvamile le nhlanzi ikhetha ukuhlala emahlathini aminyene angaphansi kwamanzi, lapho ithola khona ukudla nendawo yokuhlala.
Imikhuba ye-carp unyaka wonke
Njengoba wazi, imvelo emgqeni wethu iphila ngokuvumelana nemithetho yayo, futhi unyaka lapha uhlukaniswe ubusika, intwasahlobo, ihlobo nekwindla. Nezinhlanzi nazo azihlukile. Ukuziphatha kwe-crucian carp kanye nokubamba kuncike kakhulu ngenkathi.
Winter
Ngalesi sikhathi, izinhlanzi eziningi azisebenzi. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi liyehla, limbozwe yiqhwa. Izinqubo ze-photosynthesis zinciphisa, mayelana nalokhu, inani le-oxygen emanzini liyancipha. Izitshalo ezaqala ukufa ekwindla ziwela phansi ebusika futhi ziqale ukubola, zakha ungqimba oluwugqinsi lodaka. Njengomthetho, uma i-reservoir ingenayo imithombo engaphansi kwamanzi, ukuhlangana kwemifudlana, imisinga, i-crucian carp ezindaweni ezinjalo ngeke isebenze noma ingasebenzi. Imba udaka ebusika, lapho ichitha khona izinyanga ezibandayo ngaphansi kweqhwa.
Uma kukhona umsinga omncane endaweni yasebusika ye-crucian carp, ethatha nayo i-carbon dioxide encibilikile ezitshalweni ezibolayo, i-crucian carp ingahlala isebenza ezindaweni ezinjalo. Ivuselela ngalezo zinsuku lapho amanzi ancibilikayo engena ngaphansi kweqhwa ngesikhathi sokuncibilika kwasebusika. Lezi zinsuku zifika maphakathi no-Mashi ngasekupheleni, lapho ukudoba kwe-carp okuphumelele kakhulu kusuka eqhweni kwenzeka.
Spring
Iza nokukhululwa kwe-reservoir eqhweni. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-zhor yangaphambi kokuzala ye-crucian iqala, elungiselela ukuzala. Izinhlanzi zibuthana ziyimihlambi, engaba ngemibala ehlukene noma yakheke ngokobukhulu bomuntu ngamunye. Izinhlobo ze-carp zingaba nokwakheka okuhlukile kobulili, kwesinye isikhathi kukhona abantu be-hermaphrodite, kwesinye isikhathi i-crucian carp imelelwa abesifazane kuphela, kwesinye isikhathi kuba khona abantu bobulili obuhlukile. Ngandlela thize, ngaphambi kokuzala, izinhlanzi ezisechibini zizama ukunamathelana.
Ukudoba kwenzeka ezindaweni ezifudumele. Lapho amanzi efudumele, ukuluma kuzoba okusebenzayo. Ngaphambi nje kokuzala, ngoMeyi, ama-crucians amakhulu kakhulu afika. Inhlanzi ikhetha isiyelo esikhulu esisebenzayo. Ungakwazi ukudoba nge-mormyshka ehlobo, induku ye-float, igiya eliphansi. Iphumelela kakhulu ezindaweni ezinokujula okungajulile, kodwa kancane kancane ukusuka ogwini, lapho izinhlanzi zingesabi khona i-angler.
Summer
Isici esiphawulekayo senkathi yasehlobo ukuchichima kwamadamu, futhi ekugcineni, ukuqhakaza kwamanzi. I-Crucian iqala ukuzala ekuqaleni kwehlobo, lapho amanzi efudumala aze afike ku-12-15 degrees. Ukuzala kwayo kwenzeka ezindaweni ezingajulile, ezihlahleni nasemibhedeni yomhlanga, lapho kukhona okuzohlikihlwa khona ukuze kukhululwe izikhwama ze-caviar. Ngokuvamile, izindawo zokuzalela zokwenziwa zingamathayi ajikijelwa emanzini emachibini asedolobheni, izingcezu zezinqwaba nemikhiqizo kakhonkolo, kanye namabhuloho ezinyawo zezindlela zokuhamba ngezinyawo emapaki.
Ukuzala kwe-crucian kuthatha isikhathi eside, umuntu ofanayo uzala izikhathi eziningana. Ama-crucian amakhulu kakhulu aqala ukuzala, bese kuba amancane.
Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuluma kwayo akunangqondo, i-crucian carp ingabanjwa emibhobho ehlukene phakathi nosuku, okungavamile ukunikeza okuthandayo kunoma yimuphi.
Ukuzala kuphetha kuphela ngokuqhakaza kwamanzi ngo-August. Ngalesi sikhathi, inhlanzi iqala ukusuka ekuzaleni, idla izinambuzane zasemanzini nezibungu, eziphindaphindeka ngokweqile ngalesi sikhathi. U-August yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokudoba i-carp.
autumn
Ngokufika kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, amahora okukhanya emini ayancipha, futhi izinga lokushisa lamanzi liyehla. I-crucian carp iqala ukusuka ogwini, lapho amanzi enesikhathi sokupholisa ebusuku. Nokho, hhayi kude kakhulu, njengoba ngokuvamile akulula kangako ukubona futhi uthole ukudla ekujuleni. Izinhlanzi zihamba ziye ezindaweni ezizohlala kuzo ubusika. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi, i-crucian carp iyaqhubeka nokubanjwa ngenduku evamile ye-float kuze kube yiqhwa.
Umbhali, esemncane, wabamba i-crucian carp esikhundleni sesikole kuze kube ngu-Okthoba. Icala livamise ukuphetha ngokukhethwa kwezinduku zokudoba ngemuva kwezikhalo kubazali. Manje akekho osusa udobo, futhi ingabanjwa kuze kube nguDisemba nge-fly float tackle.
Noma kunjalo, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukudoba i-crucian carp ngegiya eliphansi kunesithakazelo esikhulu ekwindla. Zikuvumela ukuthi ulethe kalula i-nozzle kude ngokwanele futhi akunzima kakhulu. Isithiyo esikhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-donka ezindaweni ze-carp yilezi zitshalo zasemanzini. Ngekwindla, iba yincane, futhi ukudoba ngembongolo kufinyeleleka kalula.
Ngokubonakala kwemiphetho yeqhwa, i-crucian icishe iyeke ukucofa. Ukulunywa kwayo kungenziwa kuphela ngokubunjwa okugcwele kweqhwa, lapho ubuso bamanzi buyeka ukupholiswa umoya futhi amanzi afudumala.
Izindlela zokudoba
Ngokuvamile i-carp ibanjwa ehlobo phansi kanye negiya elintantayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwamanye amachibi, iluma kangcono phansi, futhi kwenye indawo - ku-float. Indlela yokudoba ngokwayo ibalulekile kumdobi kuphela; nge-crucian carp, isici esiyinhloko ekulumeni i-nozzle, i-bait kanye nendawo yokudoba.
Isibonelo, emachibini akhule kakhulu, emafasiteleni ezimila zasemanzini, lapho phansi kugcwele amahlozi e-hornwort, akunakwenzeka ukubamba phansi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho okuphansi kuhlanzekile, ngisho, ngaphandle kwama-snags, kanye ne-crucian carp engafuni ukusondela ogwini, ukudoba ngamagiya aphansi kuzoba lula futhi kuletha imiphumela engcono.
Izibhamu ezizishayelayo zivame ukusetshenziswa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi emanzini angajwayelekile kunzima ukunquma ngokuthembekile isikhathi sokuphuma kwezinhlanzi endaweni ethile. Ngakho-ke, bazama ukumboza umugqa omkhulu ngokwanele wogu, bafake amagiya angagunyaziwe. I-Carp inemikhuba engashintshi. Lapho kunqunywa isikhathi nendawo yokuphuma, kusebenza kahle kakhulu ukushintsha usuke ekudobeni ogibeni uye kumathuluzi asebenzayo kule ndawo.
fly induku
Bhekana nenombolo 1 ye-crucian carp. Njengoba lezi zinhlanzi ngokuvamile zithanda izindawo ezisogwini, ngokuvamile asikho isidingo sokwenza uhlaka olude, sebenzisa i-reel. Ungakwazi ukudlula ngenduku yempukane elula futhi engabizi, ehlanganisa induku enentambo yokudoba enamathele esihlokweni sayo, efakwe i-float nehhuku.
Induku yempukane ingasetshenziswa ngobude obuhlukahlukene, kodwa ukudoba i-carp kungcono ukusebenzisa induku yamamitha angu-4-6. Amade azodinga ukusetshenziswa njalo kwama-coasters, njengoba kuzoba nzima ukuwagcina ezandleni zakho ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, lapho udoba i-crucian carp, ukusetshenziswa kwezinduku zenduku akuyona inkinga, njengoba zibanjwa ku-rig emi. Emanzini amile, izinduku ezi-2-3 zisetshenziswa kakhulu, ziphonswa amabanga ahlukene ukusuka ogwini, kusetshenziswa imibhobho ehlukahlukene. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuthi inhlanzi ilume. Kuyikhono lokubamba kusuka ezitebhisini okwenza induku yempukane ibe yisinqumo esingcono kakhulu, ngisho nenduku enkulu esindayo, i-angler ngeke ikhathale futhi kungasetshenziswa ama-tackles amaningana.
I-plus eyinhloko ye-fly rod ukuthi ikuvumela ukuba uphonsa imishini ngokunembe kakhulu, wenze i-hook yekhwalithi ephezulu, usebenzise umugqa omncane futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuntanta okulula okunesisindo esincane ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokudoba. Ukudoba emafasiteleni, ukudoba nge-tackle elula kakhulu, ukudoba ngokukhululwa okunembe kakhulu komugqa, okuvumela ukuthi ubeke ngokucacile i-nozzle kukhaphethi wemifino ephansi, ngosizo lwenduku yempukane ungafinyelela imiphumela engcono kakhulu lapho udoba. i-crucian carp kunalapho udoba ngamanye amagiya.
induku yokufanisa
Akuyona into ethandwa kakhulu, futhi ize ngokuphelele! Ngezindleko, ukudoba okunjalo akubizi kakhulu kunokudoba kumphakeli. Kodwa-ke, ukudoba ama-match kuyathandeka ezindaweni ezinama-crucian. Ikuvumela ukuthi uphonsa amagiya ngokunembile ngokwanele, ukubamba phansi okugwegwile kakhulu noma okukhule kakhulu, ukudoba emachibini aminyene edolobha nasemachibini angaphansi kwedolobha, lapho kuzoba khona izingwegwe eziningi namawa lapho udoba ngegiya elingaphansi.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, induku yokufanisa ikuvumela ukuthi ubambe imikhakha ekude ukusuka ogwini. Usebenzisa izintanta zesimanje ze-pop-up kanye nokugqekeza, ungabona ngokucacile ukuluma kude kakhulu nogu, gcina ukuntanta kungasuswa umoya ngosizo lwesistimu ye-baits elele phansi.
Ungakwazi ukuphonsa ngempumelelo emafasiteleni amakhulu kude nogu, ngenkathi udonsa izinhlanzi ukuze uqoqe utshani obuncane kakhulu kunokuba bungaba ngamagiya aphansi.
Induku yokudoba i-Bologna
Akuvamile ukusetshenziselwa ukubamba i-carp. Ukubhekana okunjalo kwembulwa ngokugcwele kuphela esifundweni, lapho kungavamile ukubanjwa. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, lapho ubamba i-carp yesiliva eziteshini, yi-lapdog eba yisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, induku yokudoba yase-Bolognese ye-crucian carp isetshenziswa emanzini amile, lapho befuna ukwenza uhlaka olude ukusuka ogwini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ilahlekelwa ngokuphawulekayo kokubili ekululameni kokubamba, kanye nobubanzi, kanye nokunemba kokuphonsa ngenduku yokufanisa. Futhi lapho udoba ogwini ngaphandle kokuphonsa nge-reel, i-tackle izoba nzima kakhulu futhi ibe nzima kunenduku yempukane enekhono elifanayo. Kodwa-ke, uma ingekho enye induku yokudoba, i-Bologna tackle izokwenza.
Donka
Ukudoba ngezansi kwe-crucian carp kuzibonakalisa kahle kakhulu esikhathini sakamuva, ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimila zasemanzini ziyafa, idonka izothwala utshani obuncane. Ngokuvamile, ehlobo, kanye nezinhlanzi, enye ingxenye yephawundi yamanzi ikhishwa. Ngakho-ke, i-tackle kufanele ibe namandla ngokwanele ukuze imelane nakho konke lokhu. Njengenduku kudonki yesampula "yeSoviet", basebenzisa i-fiberglass eshibhile yokuphotha, bafake i-inertial reel engabizi, basebenzise umugqa oyinhloko oqinile, njengomthetho, bawubambe ngaphandle kokuphakelayo. I-tackle ilula kakhulu, kodwa inobubi obuningi abanye abangaphansi, i-feeder, encishwa yona.
Kaningi, esikhundleni sembongolo enenduku, uhlobo lwe-snack lusetshenziswa - ukubamba i-carp nge-band elastic. Ibhande elinwebekayo imbongolo okukhona kuyo ibhande lokunwebeka elingamamitha angu-3-10 ubude phakathi komugqa oyinhloko onamahhuku kanye nesinki. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuphonsa kabusha insimbi ngokulunywa njalo, futhi njalo ubuyisela izingwegwe endaweni efanayo. Yiqiniso, ibanga lokudoba lizoba lifushane kulokhu. Kodwa lapho udoba i-crucian carp, ukuphonswa okude akudingekile.
umphakeli kanye nesikhethi
Ziyintuthuko eyengeziwe yenduku yokudoba engezansi, yesimanje futhi ikhululekile. Izici eziyinhloko zala magiya ukusetshenziswa kwethiphu ekhethekile eguquguqukayo njengethuluzi lokubonisa i-bite. Zikuvumela ukuthi wenze ukuphonsa okunembe kakhudlwana nokude ngesisindo esincane, esibalulekile lapho udoba phakathi kotshani. Ekugcineni, i-tackle nge-siker ekhanyayo izoqoqa okuncane kwayo. Kokubili intambo yokudoba kanye nentambo isetshenziswa, kanti umzila wokudoba ukudoba i-crucian carp izoba ngcono.
Ukudoba kuvame ukwenzeka ekujuleni okungashoni, ebangeni elifushane ukusuka ogwini. Ukudoba i-crucian carp ku-picker, uhlobo lwe-feeder, kukuvumela ukuthi uthole injabulo eyengeziwe ekudonseni inhlanzi ku-tackle encane futhi elula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhethi ngokwaso ezimweni ezinjalo sizoba lula kakhulu, ngoba ugu luvame ukugcwala izihlahla nezihlahla.
Ngokuvamile, lapho ubamba i-crucian carp, i-feeder flat isetshenziswa. Isiphakeli sohlobo "lwendlela" sicwila kancane othulini futhi sinikeza ukudla okungcono endaweni yayo kunesiphakeli sakudala "sekheji". Kodwa ngasikhathi sinye, idinga kakhulu izinga le-bait ne-batch. Isiphakeli sohlobo lwe-banjo sikuvumela ukuthi ubambe ngisho nakukhaphethi wezitshalo zasemanzini, lapho umthwalo ungagxili ekujimeni kwawo. Ngokuvamile, lapho ubamba i-crucian carp, izingwegwe zihlala ku-bait ukuze zinikeze izingwegwe ezimbalwa. Umgomo ofanayo uyasetshenziswa ekubambeni okuzenzela wena "ingono".
"Ukhokho", "ingono", "phantomas"
Wonke lawa magama abhekisela ekubambeni okuzenzela, lapho izingwegwe ezine-nozzle kuma-leashes zicwiliswa ku-feeder egcwele i-bait futhi zivuleke ngokuphelele ohlangothini olulodwa. Ama-leashes ngokuvamile aboshwe ku-sinker ngokwayo. Futhi ixhunywe entanjeni yokudoba futhi iphonswe kude nogu. Ngakho, izingwegwe cishe zivikelekile ngokuphelele ezingwegweni ze-algae.
I-Crucian carp, esondela ku-feeder futhi idla ukudla, ingaphinde idwebe izingwegwe kule nqubo, iwele kubo. Ngakho-ke, ngeke babambe ngisho nalapho i-bait idliwe - emva kwakho konke, izinhlanzi zizohlala phezu kwazo.
Ukungalungi okuyinhloko kokubhekana okunjalo ukuthi udinga ukusebenzisa izingwegwe ezincane kakhulu, cishe ukugwinya. Lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi inyamazane eyinhloko izoba inhlanzi encane, ngoba izozizwa futhi ikhiphe i-hook enkulu, ngoba ukulwa akugunyaziwe, futhi akukho ukuhlanganisa okufika ngesikhathi.
Kuphinde kube yinto engenakwenzeka ukubamba isimiso sokubamba nokukhulula, ukubamba i-carp ku-bait ephilayo. Inhlanzi igwinya ihuku elincane ngokujulile, ngakho kufanele ukuthathe konke bese uyithosa. Kungcono ukwenza ama-leashes akhiphe ukuze ukwazi ukukhipha izinhlanzi ekhaya. Kungcono kakhulu kamuva, endaweni ezolile, ukubona intambo yokudoba iphuma emlonyeni wenhlanzi, futhi uyikhiphe kanye nehhuku lapho igubha. Kunokuba ukhiphe ihhuku ngesikhathi sokudoba, uyinqamule, uyikhohlwe enhlanzini bese uyidla ngokwakho ngemva kwalokho. Izikhali ezinjalo ekudobeni kwesimanje azinakucatshangelwa ngokujulile, ngoba zizoba ngaphansi kwazo zonke ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo mayelana nokubamba, ukuthakaseleka kanye nezinga lezinhlanzi.
ihlobo mormyshka
Ngokubamba i-carp isetshenziswa ngempumelelo kakhulu. Entwasahlobo, lapho amanzi ebanda ngokwanele, ikuvumela ukuba uhehe izinhlanzi ku-bait ngokudlala. Kulesi simo, kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-jigs amabili - isisindo esikhulu, esivame ukudlala indima yomthwalo nje, kanti okwesibili, ukukhanya, kuhlanganiswe phezulu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi "unciphise" umdlalo ngokubeka i-mormyshka ephansi phansi, kusukela i-crucian carp ithatha i-bait yokuma kangcono. Esikhundleni se-mormyshka engenhla, ungakwazi ukubopha i-hook elula nge-nozzle.
Olunye "uchwepheshe" be-mormyshka ehlobo ukudoba ezindaweni namafasitela agcwele kakhulu. Lapha intambo yokudoba empeleni ayisuki kume mpo. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukubamba ngisho nasemafasiteleni amancane kakhulu, phakathi kwezinhlanga zomhlanga, ukugwema izingwegwe. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuzokwazi ukwenza lokhu ngezinye izindlela, ngaphandle kwenduku yempukane, kodwa kusenengozi enkulu yokubamba noma ukudida i-tackle.
Igiya lasebusika
Ukudoba ebusika kwe-crucian carp akufani nokudoba i-roach, ngaphandle kokuthi ukulwa kuthathwa isikhathi eside. Sebenzisa i-mormyshka kanye nenduku yokudoba entantayo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izinduku ezinjalo ezikuvumela ukuthi umise umdlalo nge-bait futhi ngalesi sikhathi izinhlanzi ziyaluma. Ngokuvamile babanjwa ngezinduku eziningana, bedlala ngesiheho ngokushintshana noma bengadlali nhlobo.
Iqembu lesibili lezimpahla zasebusika yizicupho ezihlukahlukene. Ukubamba i-crucian eziphambanweni, i-zherlitsy iyathandwa, ikakhulukazi endaweni engaziwa, lapho namanje abayazi indawo yokuluma kwayo okusebenzayo kakhulu. Izikelemu zisetshenziswa njengokudla kwezicupho, kwesinye isikhathi ukudla kwemifino, amapellets noma ukudla kwezinja ezikhwameni.