Iso lakhiwe ngengxenye ebonakalayo nengxenye engabonakali efihlwe kusokhethi yamehlo. Ngaphambili sithola ingxenye esobala ebizwa nge-cornea, nengxenye emhlophe ezungezile, i-conjunctiva. Ngemuva kune-iris okuyi-diaphragm yeso bese kuba ilensi futhi ngemuva kune-retina okuluhlobo lwesikrini esweni. Yi-retina ehambisa umyalezo wezinzwa wesithombe uye ebuchosheni nge-optic nerve. Ilensi yakhiwe ngephilisi elingaphandle le-biconvex kanye ne-matrix yangaphakathi, womabili asobala.

Ilensi iyilensi yeso, ivumela ukukhanya ukuthi kugxile ku-retina. Inamandla okuhlala ayivumela ukuthi iguqule umbono ngokuya ngebanga lento ebhekiwe futhi igcine umbono ocacile.

Ukuqunjelwa kuvela lapho amaprotheni akulensi eshintshwa futhi i-matrix iba opaque ngokuphelele, ivimbela ukukhanya ukuthi kufinyelele ku-retina. Izindawo eziningi zelensi ezithintekayo, kulapho inja ilahlekelwa khona amandla ayo okubona. Lapho i-cataract isihambile inja ilahlekelwa ngokuphelele ukubona kwayo.

I-cataract akufanele ididaniswe ne-sclerosis ye-lens. Akufanele ukhathazeke nge-sclerosis ye-lens yeso. Njengakwi-cataract, i-lens iya iba mhlophe kancane kancane. Kodwa lokhu kwenza mhlophe kwelensi akuvimbeli ukukhanya ukuthi kudlule futhi inja isabona.

Ukuqubuka ezinjeni kuvame ukuba yisifo esihlobene nobudala.

Sikhuluma nge-cataract senile: ithinta ngokukhethekile izinja ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala. Ifinyelela kuwo womabili amehlo futhi ihambe kancane.

Esinye sezimbangela eziyinhloko yi-cataract exhumene nokuzala kwenja: lapho-ke kungukufa okuvela emehlweni, ngakho-ke inomsuka wofuzo. Ngakho-ke izinhlobo ezithile zezinja ngokusobala zithambekele ekubonakaleni kwamehlo. Singathatha isibonelo seYorkshire noma iPoodle. Lolu hlobo lwe-cataract olwaziwayo, singazama ukungenelela kusenesikhathi lapho kubonakala kugcina umbono wenja.

Izifo ezibuyela emuva nezinye izimbangela zokuvuvukala kweso kungadala ukuthi i-cataract ivele ezinjeni. Ngakho-ke ukuphazanyiswa kwenhlamvu yeso ngemuva kokushaqeka noma ukuhlukumezeka nakho kuyizimbangela zokuvela kwamehlo ezilwaneni.

Lapho i-lens iguqula indawo nokutsheka, sikhuluma ngokususwa kwelensi. Lokhu kwehlukaniswa kungenye i-etiology yama-cataract. Lokhu kususwa kwelensi kungenzeka ngenxa yokuvuvukala noma ukushaqeka, ezinye izinhlobo ezinjengeShar-Pei zivezwa kakhulu ukuhlukaniswa kwelensi.

Ekugcineni, izinja ezinesifo sikashukela zingakhula i-cataract futhi zingaboni. Le cataract yesifo sikashukela ivame ukukhula ngokushesha futhi ithinte amehlo womabili.

Uma iso lenja yakho futhi ikakhulukazi ilensi yenja yakho iphenduka yaba mhlophe i-vet yakho izokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwamehlo ukuthola ukuthi ngabe zikhona yini izimbangela ezibangela ukuthi i-cataract yenja ivele.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ophthalmologic kufaka:

1. Okokuqala, ukubukwa okuqhamuka esweni, sibheka ukuthi ukuhlukumezeka akulimalanga yini amajwabu amehlo noma isokhethi yamehlo, uma iso lingakhuli ngokweqile ngokweqile (buphthalmos) noma liphuma (exophthalmos).
2. Lapho-ke iso libomvu futhi kune-conjunctivitis enjeni, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-corneal.
3. Ngokuvamile, uma kukhona ukulimala kwelensi futhi ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ukususwa kwelensi, ingcindezi ye-intraocular (IOP) ilinganiswa ukuze kukhishwe ukusola kwe-glaucoma okubangelwa ukufuduka okungavamile kwelensi. I-Glaucoma wukwanda okungajwayelekile kwe-IOP futhi kubeka engcupheni yokulahleka kweso. Kumele alashwe ngokuphuthumayo uma ekhona.
4. Ngombono wokuhlinzwa kwelensi okungabuyiselwa enjeni, udokotela wezilwane (noma unodokotela wezilwane onguchwepheshe wezifo zamehlo) ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa kwe-retina. Eqinisweni, uma i-retina ingasasebenzi noma ingazidlulisi kahle izithombe, ukuhlinzwa ngeke kusize futhi ngeke kubuyise inja umbono. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubizwa nge-electroretinography.

Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwelapha i-cataract ye-canine ukuhlinzwa. Kwenziwa udokotela wezilwane ophthalmic microsurgeon futhi kudinga amathuluzi acacile kakhulu, njengesibonakhulu samehlo, amathuluzi amancane, kanye ne-apathasi yokuxhuma kanye nokulangazela i-lens matrix. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu lokhu kuhlinzwa kubiza kakhulu. Udokotela wezilwane uzovula imbobo phakathi kwe-cornea kanye ne-conjunctiva ukuze ethule amathuluzi akhe, bese ekhipha i-matrix engabonakali ngaphakathi kwekhepsuli yelensi futhi esikhundleni salo afake ilensi ekhanyelayo. Ekugcineni wenza i-suture microscopic yokuvula ayekwenzile ekuqaleni. Phakathi nakho konke ukuhlinzwa, kufanele afake amanzi ku-cornea ukuze angawomi futhi ajove imikhiqizo ezothatha indawo yoketshezi olukhona ngokwemvelo esweni futhi oluphuma ngembobo yokuhlinzwa.

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa uzodinga ukufaka amathonsi amaningi esweni iso lenja yakho futhi udokotela wamehlo uzohlola amehlo njalo.