Okuqukethwe
Incazelo
I-Calvados (FR. Calvados) isiphuzo esidakayo esisekelwe ku-Pear noma i-Apple cider, ekhiqizwa esifundazweni saseFrance saseNormandy esezansi. Lesi siphuzo singaphansi kwesigaba sikabrandy futhi sinamandla angaba ngu-40-50.
Igama elithi "Calvados" lingaba nesiphuzo esenziwe kuphela ezifundeni zaseFrance zaseCalvados (i-74% yomkhiqizo ophelele), i-Orne, iManche, i-Eure, iSarthe neMayenne.
Emibhalweni kaGilles de Gouberville, singathola ukubalulwa kokuqala kwalesi siphuzo futhi bangabaka-1533. Uchaze ubuchwepheshe bokusasaza i-Apple cider esiphuzweni esinamandla. Sikholwa ukuthi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, iCalvados yaqala ukunqoba izinhliziyo zabathandi beziphuzo ezimnandi.
Ngo-1741, kwamukelwa umbhalo othi “Appellation d'origine Controlee” olawula imisebenzi yabakhiqizi bendawo beziphuzo ezidakayo ezivela ku-cider. Futhi ngokuya ngombhalo, lesi siphuzo saqanjwa ngegama lomkhumbi waseSpain i-El Calvador, owawuzungeza eduze kwamabhange wesiteshi, futhi wachaza amagama abizwa ngalesi siphuzo.
Ngenxa yezimo zezulu - lesi sifunda saseFrance sinikeza isivuno esihle kakhulu se-Apple ne Pear. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane zama-aphula nezinhlamvu zawo. Kuze kube manje, uhulumeni ulawule izinhlobo ezingama-48 kuphela zokukhiqiza i-cider yamaCalvado.
Izigaba zokukhiqiza eziningana:
- Ukuvutshelwa kwe- I-Apple pulp. Ekhiqizweni kwamaCalvados abantu bafuya inani elingcono kakhulu lezinhlobonhlobo ze-Apple nezinhlobonhlobo zamapheya - lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yama-apula amnandi angama-40%, izinhlobo ezingama-40% ezibabayo kanye namapheya angama-20% nama-apula amuncu. Inqubo yokuvutshelwa ithatha amasonto amahlanu.
- Ukuhlanzeka yesisindo esivutshiwe. Zibamba i-distillation eyodwa noma ephindwe kabili kuzithuli ze-stills alambics kanye nezinto zokusebenza zokuqhubeka nokuphuzisa. Utshwala bunamandla cishe angama-60-70. Ikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu iCalvados itholakala nge-distillation eyodwa nge-alambic.
- Ngcaphuno. Isiphuzo esincane esixoshiwe basithela emigqonyeni ye-oki engu-200-250 litres. Izinkuni zemigqomo zivela eFrance. Ukuguga kwesiphuzo kuhlala ngokubona komkhiqizi - iminyaka engu-2-10 noma ngaphezulu.
Ukuphuza ukuvumelana
Ngokuya ngesikhathi sokuguga, iCalvados inombala we-amber emnyama nokunambitheka. Isikhathi sokuguga sabakhiqizi besiphuzo sikhombisa ilebula elinezinhlamvu ezikhethekile:
- Kuhle - kusuka eminyakeni emibili;
- IVieux-Reserve - isikhathi seminyaka emi-3;
- I-VO (Kudala kakhulu), i-VSOP (Iphaleli Elidala Kakhulu Kakhulu) - amaCalvado amadala aneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-4;
- I-XO (Okudala Okudala), Okungeziwe - ukuvuthwa emiphongolweni kusuka eminyakeni engu-6;
- Ubudala be-12, 15 d'age - ukuguga okungaphansi kokucacisiwe kwilebula;
- I-1946, i-1973 - i-Calvados ekhethekile, engajwayelekile futhi evuthiwe.
Sekunabakhiqizi abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyishumi zeCalvados. Abakhiqizi abadume kakhulu eFrance yiLecompte, uPere Magloire, uRoger Groult, uChristian Drouin, uBoulard.
Imikhuba emihle. Ukusetshenziswa kwesiphuzo esincane kungcono njenge-appetizer, futhi asebekhulile - njenge-digestif, nalapho kushintshwa izitsha ngesikhathi sedili.
Izinzuzo zeCalvados
Ama-apula, njengesisekelo seCalvados, ayinika amaminerali amaningi (i-potassium, i-iron), amavithamini (B12, B6, B1, C) nama-amino acid (i-pectin, i-tannin). Ikakhulukazi i-tannin enokusetshenziswa okulinganiselayo kweCalvados kuqinisa imithambo yegazi, ivimbela i-atherosclerosis, ithuthukisa imetabolism. Ukuba khona kwama-phenolic compounds kuvikela futhi kususe umzimba wama-radicals wamahhala, ngaleyo ndlela kube nomthelela wokuvikela umdlavuza.
I-Malic acid, ingxenye yeCalvados, ivuselela ngokuphelele isifiso sokudla futhi ithuthukise ukugaya. Le asidi futhi inika ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele kuma-cocktails ngesisekelo seCalvados enamajusi ahlukahlukene, i-gin, i-whisky, i-rum kanye nogologo.
Abapheki abancane baseCalvados basebenzisa ukudla kwendabuko kukaNorman ukwenza uphudingi, i-confectionery, amasoso nenyama yeFlambeau. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iCalvado ilungile ekwenzeni iCamembert noshizi fondue. Bayifaka kushizi ocibilikile emlilweni - lokhu akuhlinzeki nje ngomthelela wobuhle, kepha futhi kuletha i-zest esitsheni.
Izingozi zeCalvados nokuphikisana
Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemimoya, kufaka phakathi iCalvados, kulimaza kakhulu izitho ezinjengesibindi, izinso, indlela ephuma kanye nobuchopho. Umphumela wokuthuthukisa nokuqhubeka kwezifo ezibulalayo: i-cirrhosis yesibindi, i-pancreatitis, i-gastritis, ukonakala kotshwala, izilonda, i-anemia, njll.
AmaCalvado akufanele afakwe ekudleni kwabantu abazama ukwehlisa isisindo ngokukhuphuka kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona, abesifazane abancelisayo noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kanye nezingane ezingakakhuli.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo neziyingozi zezinye iziphuzo: