Ukuqonda ukuthi ukuncelisa kusebenza kanjani nokuqonda okhiye ababili empumelelweni yakho - ukuncelisa ibele ngokufunwa nangokuncela ngempumelelo - yilungiselelo elihle kakhulu lokuncelisa ingane yakho ibele. Gxila ezimisweni eziyinhloko zokuncelisa.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, amabele alungiselela ukuncelisa: amabele anda ngosayizi, i-areola iba nombala omnyama bese izingono ziba nzima futhi zigqame kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi kukhishwa i-colostrum ekupheleni kokukhulelwa. Akukho ukulungiselela okudingekayo ukulungisa amabele, ukuqina izingono noma ukuwenza agqame, noma ngabe kwenzeka izingono ezihoxisiwe noma ezingezinwebeki kakhulu. Ekugcineni, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulungiselela ukuncelisa ibele ukufunda ngemigomo esemqoka ye-lactation.

Ngcono ukuncelisa

I-WHO incoma ukuqala ukuncelisa kungakapheli ihora izelwe, uma impilo yengane nomama wayo nezimo zikuvumela kunjalo. Lokhu kuncelisa kwasekuqaleni egumbini lokulethwa kuvumela ukuncelisa ukuqala ezimeni ezinhle kakhulu. Kusukela ehoreni lokuqala lokuphila, umntwana osanda kuzalwa usesimweni sokuqapha okukhulu, futhi ukucabanga kwakhe okuncelayo kulungile. Ngenxa yemicabango yakhe engokwemvelo, uzothola ngokwemvelo isifuba sikanina, inqobo nje uma sibekwe ezimweni ezinhle, okunesikhumba nesikhumba. Ngasohlangothini lukamama, lokhu kuncelisa kusenesikhathi kuzodala uketshezi lweprolactin ne-oxytocin, ama-hormone okukhiqiza ubisi nokukhishwa, ngaleyo ndlela kuqale ukukhiqizwa kobisi.

Uma kwenzeka ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma isigaba sokuhlinzwa

Kodwa-ke, ukuncelisa ibele akulokothi kuphazanyiswe uma lokhu kuncelisa kusenesikhathi kungenzeki ngenxa yokulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ngokuyekelwa ngokwesibonelo. Uma umama efisa ukuncelisa, ukuncelisa kungenziwa ngokushesha lapho impilo yakhe neyengane yakhe ikuvumela, ngosizo lwethimba lezokwelapha ukuthola isikhundla esifanelekile ikakhulukazi.

Ukuncelisa ibele ngesidingo

Ukwehliswa kwelanga kulalela umthetho wokunikezela nokufunwa. Lapho ingane incela ngokwengeziwe futhi inqubo yayo yokuncelisa isebenza kahle, kulapho kukhuthazwa ngokwengeziwe ama-prolactin receptors e-areola, lapho kukhiqizwa kakhulu ubisi lweprolactin ne-oxytocin, futhi kukhuphuka umkhiqizo wobisi. Lapho ingane incela ngokwengeziwe, amangqamuzana ayimfihlo amaningi ayathululwa futhi azokhiqiza ubisi oluningi. Ukuze ikhiqize ubisi, ingane ngakho-ke kufanele ikwazi ukuncelisa kaningi ngokuthanda kwayo. Lesi yisimiso sokuncelisa ibele ngesidingo. Ukuncelisa ibele kuphela lapho kufunwa kuvumela izinsana ukuthi zilawule izidingo zazo zokudla okunomsoco futhi zigcine ne-lactation ehlangabezana nalezi zidingo. 

Zingaki izifunzo ngosuku?

Ingane ngayinye yehlukile, akunamkhawulo kwinani lokuphakelayo, noma isikhathi esincane okufanele sibonwe. Ngokwesilinganiso, ingane ingancela amahlandla ayi-8 kuya kwayi-12 emahoreni angama-24, kufaka phakathi nasebusuku ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala. Lesi sigqi sishintsha emasontweni ngisho nasezinsukwini, ingane kwesinye isikhathi ihlangabezana “nezipikili zokukhula” lapho ihlale icela khona ibele. Ukuzama ukunciphisa inani lokuphakelwa, ukuze "ubeke" ingane yakho ngesigqi esinqunyiwe kuyingozi ekuqhubekeni kokuncelisa. 

Ingane futhi inganamathela ebeleni elilodwa kuphela kokuphakelayo ngakunye, noma kokubili, futhi lesi sigqi singashintsha ngokuhamba kwezinsuku nangosuku lonke. Ngokwenzayo, kunconywa ukuthi unikeze isifuba size sizikhiphe, futhi uma kubonakala sengathi sisalambile, nikeza elinye ibele elizothatha inqobo nje uma lifisa, noma cha. Futhi khumbula ukushintshanisa amabele kusuka kokunye okuphakelayo kuye kokunye.

Ukuze uqale kahle ukuncelisa, kubalulekile ukugcina ingane isondele kuwe. Lokhu kusondela kukhuthaza ukuncelisa ibele ngokufunwa futhi kusiza umama ukuthi abone izimpawu ezikhombisa ukuthi umntwana ukulungele ukuncelisa (ukunyakaza okuguqukayo ngenkathi ezele, umlomo uvulekile, ukububula, ukuseshwa komlomo). Ngempela, akudingekile, noma akunconyiwe, ukulinda aze akhale ukuze amnikeze isifuba, lokhu ngokuvamile kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukunamathela. Kungcono ukuzijwayeza “ukuncelisa ibele uphapheme”. 

Isikhumba esikhunjeni naso sikhuthaza ukuncelisa ibele. Esikhundleni sokubekelwa igumbi lokuzalwa, kungenzeka ukuthi uzijwayeze ekhaya.

Ngokuphakelwa okufunwayo, i-latch enhle enye insika eyisisekelo yokuncelisa. Ingane kufanele imunce ngempumelelo ukuze ivuselele izamukeli ezise-areola yesifuba, ithulule isifuba, kodwa futhi ingalimazi ingono ngamandla adonsela phansi noma angalingani. Ukuncelisa ingane ibele akufanele kube buhlungu. Ubuhlungu buyisibonakaliso sesixwayiso sokuncela okuncane.  

Indlela yokudonsa ngempumelelo

Ukuze kudonswe ngempumelelo, kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nemibandela embalwa:

• ikhanda lengane kufanele ligobeke kancane emuva;
• isilevu sakhe sithinta isifuba;
• ingane kufanele ivule umlomo wayo ukuze ithathe ingxenye enkulu ye-areola yebele, hhayi ingono kuphela. Emlonyeni wakhe, i-areola kufanele ishintshelwe kancane enkalweni;
• ngesikhathi sokudla, ikhala lakhe kufanele livuleke kancane nezindebe zakhe zigobe ngaphandle. 

Izimpawu zokuthi ingane incelisa kahle

Kunezimpawu ezahlukahlukene zokuthi umntwana unakekela kahle:

• ingane ivuleke kakhulu, igxile ekunceliseni ibele;
• isigqi sakhe sokuncelisa sanele futhi sijwayelekile: wenza ukuqhuma okude kokuncela kugxishwe ngama-khefu amafushane, ngaphandle kokuvumela ibele;
• amathempeli akhe ahamba ngesigqi sokuncela, izihlathi zakhe azilutho;
• isifuba siyathamba njengoba usondla.

Izikhundla ezahlukahlukene zokuncelisa ibele

Ayikho into enjengokuthi “eyodwa” indawo ekahle yokuncelisa, kepha izikhundla eziningana, ezidume kakhulu yilezi:

• Madonna,
• i-madonna eguquliwe,
• ibhola lombhoxo,
• isikhundla sokuqamba amanga.

Kukumama ukuthi akhethe leyo evumelana nalokho anakho, kuye ngezimo. Into esemqoka ukuthi isikhundla sivumela ukuncela okuhle kwengane, ngenkathi kukhululeka kunina, ngaphandle kokubanga ubuhlungu ezingonweni.

Ukukhuliswa komzimba

Eminyakeni yakamuva, ukunakekelwa ngokwemvelo, indlela engokwemvelo yokuncelisa ibele, kuye kwanconywa ngokuya ngokuqhubekayo. Ngokusho komklami wayo uSuzanne Colson, ongumxhumanisi waseMelika wezokuncelisa, ukukhuliswa ngokwemvelo kuhlose ukukhuthaza isimilo sokuziphatha kukamama nengane, sokuncelisa nokuncelisa ngempumelelo. Ngakho-ke, ekukhuliseni ngokwebhayoloji, umama unikeza isifuba sakhe enganeni yakhe isesimweni sokuhlala kunokuhlala phansi, okunethezeka ngokwengeziwe. Ngokwemvelo, uzokwakha isidleke ngezandla zakhe ukuze aqondise ingane yakhe, yona, ezokwazi ukusebenzisa yonke imiqondo yayo ukuthola ibele likanina futhi iluncele ngempumelelo.

Kunezimpawu ezahlukahlukene zokuthi izidingo zomntwana ezinomsoco ziyahlangatshezwa: 

• ingane ivukile;
• izingqimba zakhe zigcwele njalo. Ingane eqeda kahle impela ingane edla kahle. Ngemuva kwesonto lokuqala lokudlulisa i-meconium, ingane ichama amahlandla ama-5 kuye kwayisithupha ngosuku ngokwesilinganiso, futhi inezitulo ezi-6 kuye kwezi-2 ngosuku. Kumaviki awu-3-6, imvamisa yehla iye ekunyakazeni kwamathumbu nsuku zonke. Lapho ukuncelisa kusungulwe kahle, kwenzeka ukuthi lezi zingqimba ziba zinqabile, ngaphandle kokuthi kuqunjelwe. Uma nje ingane ibonakala ingaphatheki kahle esiswini futhi lezi zitulo, yize zingavamile, zidlula kalula, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka;
• ijika layo lokukhula liyavumelana. Qiniseka ukuthi ubhekisa kumashadi okukhula ezingane ezincela ibele. 

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuncelisa ibele akufanele kubangele ubuhlungu. Ubuhlungu besifuba, imifantu noma ama-engorgement ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi ingane ayincelisi. Kuyadingeka ukulungisa isimo sengane ebeleni. Uma ubuhlungu buqhubeka, kufanele kubhekwe ezinye izimbangela: i-frenulum yolimi emfushane kakhulu evimbela ingane ekunceleni kahle ngokwesibonelo. 

Ungaxhumana nobani uma kunezinkinga?

Futhi, kubalulekile ukuthola usizo uma kunezinkinga. Njengokwemvelo njengoba kunjalo, ukuncelisa ibele kwesinye isikhathi kudinga ukusekelwa ngochwepheshe. Usizo lwangaphandle oluvela kuchwepheshe wokuncelisa ibele (umbelethisi one-IUD yokuncelisa ibele, umeluleki we-lactation we-IBCLC) kusiza ukunqoba ubunzima bokuncelisa ibele ngezeluleko zochwepheshe, futhi kuqinisekisa umama ngekhono lakhe. ukondla ingane yakhe.