I-Bream: isilinganiso sosayizi nesisindo

I-bream ibhekwa njengezinhlanzi ezinokuthula ezivame kakhulu ezivela emndenini we-carp; uma uthanda, ungayithola ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zamanzi, kokubili engxenyeni eseningizimu nasenyakatho yezwe lethu nangale kwayo. Ama-Anglers anolwazi ahlanganisa abantu abasuka ku-1,5 kg noma ngaphezulu kuya ezihlotsheni zendondo, kodwa bahlangabezana kancane kancane. Abantu abaningi banesithakazelo ukuthi i-bream ikhula kanjani, sizoqhathanisa ubukhulu nesisindo ngokusho kolwazi olutholiwe.

Indawo yokusabalalisa

Ngaphambi kokuthi uthole ukuthi i-bream inesisindo esingakanani ngeminyaka ehlukene, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ikuphi ukubhaliswa kwayo, ithanda maphi amadamu nokuthi kungcono ukumbamba igiya lini. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala, ngakho-ke ake siqale ngezindawo zokuhlala.

Ungathola lo mmeleli we-cyprinids emifuleni eminingi nasemachibini, futhi ngeke adelele izindawo zolwandle. Ososayensi babiza izindawo zemvelo zokusabalalisa izitsha zalolu lwandle:

• Mnyama;
• i-Baltic;
• ICaspian;
• Enyakatho.

Lapha, ngisho nokhokho bethu basendulo babamba i-bream yobukhulu obunesisindo ngegiya lakudala kakhulu namuhla. Indawo yokudoba enjalo yathuthukiswa nasemachibini aseKarelia, eNyakatho-Ntshonalanga nasengxenyeni Emaphakathi yezwe lethu. Kodwa emachibini ase-Urals naseWestern Siberia, ichthyoga yalethwa ngamandla, yazaliswa isikhathi eside, ngenxa yalokho, manje kunenqwaba ye-bream kulezi zifunda, futhi ungakwazi ukuhlangana ne-giant yangempela. Uyindebe evamile ku-hook phakathi kwabadobi e-Iset naseTobol, kodwa amanzi olwandle awamesabi nhlobo.

Ukudla

I-bream ibhekwa njenge-voracious ngempela, izodla amafutha ngesikhathi sokuzala futhi ngaphambi kokubanda, ehlobo izinkanuko zayo zehla kancane, kodwa hhayi njalo hhayi yonke indawo.

I-Habitat inethonya elinamandla ezicini zokudla:

• izinhlanzi ezivela ezifundeni ezisenyakatho zizonikeza okukhethekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane, ama-crustaceans amancane, izibungu zezilwane, ama-molluscs, izikelemu ziyisisekelo, ngezinye izikhathi umuntu omkhulu angakwazi ukushayela eduze kwendawo yamanzi futhi athose ezinye izakhamuzi zezinhlanzi;
• ezindaweni eziseningizimu emanzini afudumele kummeleli we-cyprinids, inketho engcono kakhulu yokudla ukudla kwemifino, izimpande, amahlumela amasha ezitshalo zasemanzini ngeke amshiye engenandaba, ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kwamanzi kuzocindezela izinhlanzi ezikhethweni zezilwane ezinomsoco.

Izimo zezulu kufanele futhi zicatshangelwe, emanzini abandayo, izinhlanzi zinokukhethwa okukodwa, kodwa emanzini afudumele zihluke ngokuphelele.

Izici zokuzala

Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala kanye nezici zendawo yamanzi, ukukhula kwe-bream kuyoba okuhlukile phakathi neminyaka, ubukhulu nesisindo nakho kuxhomeke ezicini zomumo. Bahlukaniswa ngababili:

• i-semi-anadromous, isici esihlukile okuwukunyakaza okuphawulekayo ikakhulukazi esikhathini sangaphambi kokuzala;
• indawo yokuhlala, lapho izinhlanzi zingahambi amabanga abalulekile nhlobo.

Yilesi sici esithinta nokuthomba, abameleli befomu lokuhlala bazokwazi ukuzala kusukela eminyakeni engu-3-4 ubudala, kodwa abancane-anadromous kuzodingeka balinde lokhu iminyaka embalwa.

Abamele ama-carps womabili amafomu baya ezindaweni zokuzala kuphela lapho amanzi efudumala aze afike ku-16-18 degrees, amanani aphansi azobambezela le nqubo. Abamele i-semi-anadromous ukukhiqiza inzalo bangahamba amakhilomitha angu-100, ukufuduka okude kakhulu kwenziwa izakhamuzi zaseLake Ladoga kanye nabantu abavela ezindaweni eziphansi ze-Dnieper.

Ukuzala kwenzeka ezindaweni ezifanele kakhulu zalokhu, zibonakala yizi:

• ukujula okungajulile;
• uhlaza oluningi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuye ngokuthi isifunda, inqubo ingenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa noma ngamaqoqo. Abantu abakhulu bangena ngokushesha ekuzaleni, kulandele abamaphakathi, futhi abamele abancane yibo abaphethayo. Ngaphambili, ziduka ziye emigodini, kodwa uma ziba zinkulu, ziba mbalwa izinhlanzi.

Izici zokuphila

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi i-bream ikhula kangakanani, imihlambi ehlobo nasebusika ngokuvamile ihlanganisa kokubili abameleli abakhulu nezinhlanzi ezincane.

Izici zokuphila zicindezela lo mmeleli we-cyprinids ukuba aphambuke emaqenjini, kodwa inani labantu lincike ezinkomba eziningi:

• ehlobo, izakhamuzi ze-ichthy ezivela eningizimu zihamba ngamaqembu amancane, ukuze zibe yindawo yokuhlala ehlala njalo zikhetha izindawo ezinohlaza oluncane, kodwa i-topography engezansi ingaba kokubili enesihlabathi kanye ne-clayey, ngokuvamile iphuma ukuze idliwe ebusuku nangaphakathi. amahora okuqala;
• abantu basenyakatho baziphatha ngendlela ehlukile, ngeke bahlale besendaweni enokuthula futhi babheke kancane kancane ukudla, ngokuvamile abameleli be-cyprinids emanzini asenyakatho baya ezindaweni ezinomsinga onamandla, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nase-fairway.

Ngokuncipha kwamazinga okushisa komoya namanzi, abantu abavela cishe kuyo yonke indawo enamanzi bayabuthana baye ezindaweni ezijulile lapho beyochitha khona ubusika, babizwa nangokuthi imigodi yasebusika. Lapha i-bream inobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.

Isilinganiso sesisindo nosayizi

I-bream ikhula kangakanani? Akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuphendula lo mbuzo, ngezinye izikhathi abadobi badonsa abameleli abafinyelela kumitha ubude, kuyilapho ubukhulu babo bumangalisa. Isisindo se-bream ngobude sizosiza ukunquma itafula, esikulethela lona ngezansi:

I-Trophy bream enesisindo esingaphezu kuka-2 kg ikhula okungenani iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili.

Ngemva kokutadisha idatha, kwacaca kuwo wonke umuntu ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukukhulula izinhlanzi ezincane. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho sizokwazi khona ukubuka izibonelo zendondo yeqiniso hhayi nje yezinhlanzi ezinokuthula kuphela, kodwa nezilwane ezidla ezinye ezindaweni zethu zokugcina amanzi.

Ukuthi i-bream ikhula kangakanani kuze kufike ku-3 kg kwacaca, ukuze kufinyelele isisindo esinjalo, kufanele iphile okungenani iminyaka eyishumi, kuyilapho ukudla kwayo kufanele kuphelele.

Sithole ukuthi ingakanani i-bream engu-35 cm ubude, ukwazi isilinganiso sesisindo sobude kuzosiza i-angler ukuthi isungule iminyaka ye-specimen ebanjwe ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi abameleli besifunda esisenyakatho banezilinganiso ezinesizotha kakhulu; lapho uneminyaka engu-10 ubudala, isifanekiso esivela eLake Onega ngeke sibe nesisindo esingaphezu kwe-1,2 kg.