I-Bradycardia ukwehla kwesilinganiso senhliziyo, okuwumphumela wokuphuza imithi ethile noma ngisho nama-pathologies angaphansi. Ngokujwayelekile ngaphandle kokuqina okukhulu, i-bradycardia engafunekiyo kufanele ilawulwe ngendlela efanele.

I-Bradycardia iyinkinga yesigqi senhliziyo, echaza izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphansi ngokungavamile. Lokho izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elingaphansi kuka-60 bpm. Lokhu kuncipha kwezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kungase kube umphumela wokungajwayelekile ku-nodule ye-sinus noma ukungavamile kokujikeleza kwamasignali kagesi eduze komsipha wenhliziyo (myocardium).

I-Sinus bradycardia ngokuvamile ibonakala futhi izwakala kubasubathi noma njengengxenye yokuphumula okujulile komzimba. Komunye umongo, kungase kube umphumela wezempilo, ezigulini ezinokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo noma ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi ethile.

Ubunzima be-bradycardia kanye nokwelashwa okuhlobene nakho kuncike ngokuqondile endaweni yenhliziyo ethintekile. Ezimweni eziningi, i-bradycardia yesikhashana ayibonisi isidingo sokwelashwa okusheshayo nokusheshayo. Ngempela, ukwehla kwesilinganiso senhliziyo kungenzeka ngaphakathi kohlaka lwesimo esihle sempilo jikelele, noma ngisho nokuphendula ukuphumula komzimba.

Kwezinye izimo, kungase kube ukuwohloka kwe- i-myocardium, ikakhulukazi ngobudala, kumongo we-coronary pathologies noma ukuphuza izidakamizwa ezithile (ikakhulukazi ukwelapha okulwa ne-arrhythmia noma i-arterial hypertension).

Inhliziyo isebenza ngohlelo lwemisipha kanye nohlelo lukagesi. Ukuqhutshwa kwezimpawu zikagesi, kudlula i-atria (izingxenye ezingenhla zenhliziyo) kanye nama-ventricles (izingxenye ezingezansi zenhliziyo). Lezi zimpawu zikagesi zivumela imisipha yenhliziyo ukuthi ifinyele ngendlela evamile futhi ehlelekile: lokhu ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

Njengengxenye yokusebenza "okuvamile" kwenhliziyo, umfutho kagesi ube usuphuma ku-sinus nodule, kusukela ku-atrium engakwesokudla. Le nodule ye-sinus inesibopho sokushaya kwenhliziyo, imvamisa yayo. Ube esedlala indawo yomshini wenhliziyo.

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo, okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo, komuntu omdala ophile kahle kuba phakathi kuka-60 no-100 ukushaya ngomzuzu (bbm).

I-Bradycardia ingase ibangwe ukuwohloka kwenhliziyo ngokukhula, isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi noma ngokuphuza imithi ethile.

Noma ubani angathinteka yi-bradycardia. Lokhu kungaba okukodwa noma isikhathi eside, kuye ngecala.

Abasubathi bangabhekana ne-bradycardia. Kodwa futhi kumongo wesimo sokuphumula komzimba (ukuphumula).

Abantu abadala kanye neziguli ezithatha imithi ethile basengozini enkulu ye-bradycardia.

I-Bradycardia ivamise ukukhula esikhathini esifushane, ngaphandle kokudala imiphumela eyingozi eyengeziwe.

Kodwa-ke, esimweni se-bradycardia engapheli kanye / noma eqhubekayo, kuyadingeka ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngempela, kulo mongo, imbangela eyinhloko ingase ibe umsuka futhi kufanele inakekelwe ukuze kuncishiswe noma iyiphi ingozi yezinkinga.

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-bradycardia azinazo izimpawu ezibonakalayo nezizwakalayo. Ezinye izinhlobo zingase zibangele ubuthakathaka bomzimba kanye nomqondo, isiyezi, noma ngisho nokungakhululeki (syncope).

Amazinga ahlukene we-bradycardia kufanele ahlukaniswe:

• Izinga lokuqala le-bradycardia (Uhlobo 1), lichazwa yi-bradycardia engapheli futhi lifana nesigqi senhliziyo esiphazamiseke ngokuphelele. Kulo mongo, kunconywa ukufakwa kwe-pacemaker (eshintsha umsebenzi wenodule ye-sinus).
• I-degree yesibili (Uhlobo 2), ihambisana nemibono, kusukela ku-nodule ye-sinus, ephazamisekile ukuya ezingeni elikhulu noma elincane. Lolu hlobo lwe-bradycardia ngokuvamile luwumphumela we-pathology engaphansi. I-pacemaker ingaba enye indlela kulokhu.
• Iziqu zesithathu (Uhlobo 3), bese kuba izinga eliphansi lokuqina kwe-bradycardia. Kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukuphuza imithi ethile noma umphumela wezifo eziwumsuka. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuphansi ngendlela engavamile, isiguli sizwa umuzwa wokuba buthakathaka. Ukululama kwesigqi senhliziyo kuvame ukushesha futhi kudinga imithi kuphela. Nokho, ukufakwa kwe-pacemaker kungase kudingeke ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.

Izinketho zokuphatha ze-bradycardia bese zincika ezingeni lokubaluleka kwakamuva. Ukuyeka ukuphuza umuthi, okubangela lokhu kungasebenzi, kuyisinyathelo sokuqala. Ukuhlonzwa komthombo kanye nokuphathwa kwawo kungokwesibili (indaba yesifo esiwumsuka, isibonelo). Ekugcineni, ukufakwa kwe-pacemaker unomphela kungokugcina.