Ukuya ehlathini ukuze uthole i-boletus ehlobo (i-Leccinum), ungakhathazeki: lezi zinhlobo azinazo ozakwabo ezinobuthi. Amakhowe avuthwa ngoJuni afana kancane nenyongo iTylopilus felleus, kodwa le mizimba yezithelo engadliwayo inenyama ebomvana, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuyiphambanisa neLeccinum. I-Boletus boletus, ebonakala ehlathini ekuqaleni kwehlobo, iqhubeka ithela izithelo kuze kube maphakathi nekwindla.
Amakhowe e-Boletus ayaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Izinhlobo zikaJuni zifiseleka kakhulu, njengoba zingezokuqala phakathi kwamakhowe abalulekile we-tubular. Ngo-June, lapho kusenomiyane abambalwa ehlathini, kumnandi ukuhamba eduze kwesiqeshana sehlathi esiluhlaza. Ngalesi sikhathi, zithanda izinhlangothi eziseningizimu ezivulekile zezihlahla kanye nezindawo eziphakeme ezincane ezisemiseleni kanye osebeni lwemifula namachibi.
Ngalesi sikhathi, izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-boletus zivame ukutholakala:
- okuphuzi-nsundu
- Okuvamile
- kunamachashazi
Izithombe, izincazelo kanye nezici eziyinhloko zamakhowe we-boletus azo zonke lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivezwa kule ndaba.
I-Boletus ensundu ngokuphuzi
Ikhula kuphi i-boletus ensundu ngokuphuzi (Leccinum versipelle): birch, coniferous kanye namahlathi axubile.
Isizini: kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba.
I-cap iyinyama, i-5-15 cm ububanzi, kanti kwezinye izimo ifika ku-20 cm. Ukwakheka kwekepisi ku-hemispherical enendawo enoboya obuncane, ngokuya ngeminyaka iba yi-convex encane. Umbala - onsundu ngokuphuzi noma osawolintshi ogqamile. Ngokuvamile isikhumba silenga phezu konqenqema lwekepisi. Indawo engezansi inezimbotshana ezinhle, izimbotshana zimpunga ngokukhanyayo, ziphuzi-mpunga, i-ocher-grey.
Kulolu hlobo lwamakhowe we-boletus, umlenze mncane futhi mude, umhlophe ngombala, umbozwe ubude bonke ngezikali ezimnyama, ezibonelweni ezingavuthiwe kumnyama.
Inyama iminyene ibe mhlophe, ekusikeni iba mpunga-mnyama.
Isendlalelo se-Tubular esifinyelela ku-2,5 cm ubukhulu esinezimbotshana ezimhlophe ezimhlophe.
Ukuhlukahluka: umbala wekepisi uyahlukahluka kusuka ensundu ngokukhanyayo ukuya ophuzi-nsundu kanye nsundu omnyama. Njengoba isikhunta sikhula, isikhumba sekepisi singase sishwabane, siveze amashubhu asizungezile. Izimbotshana namashubhu abamhlophe ekuqaleni, bese kuba phuzi-mpunga. Izikali esiqwini zimpunga ekuqaleni, bese zicishe zibe mnyama.
Awekho amawele anobuthi. Ngokufana nalawa makhowe e-boletus bile (Tylopilus felleus), anenyama enombala obomvana futhi anephunga elingemnandi kanye nokunambitheka okubabayo kakhulu.
Izindlela zokupheka: omiswe, pickling, canning, ukuthosa. Kunconywa ukususa umlenze ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, futhi kumakhowe amadala - isikhumba.
Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-2.
Bona ukuthi i-boletus ephuzi ngokunsundu ibukeka kanjani kulezi zithombe:
I-boletus evamile
Lapho i-boletus evamile (i-Leccinum scabrum) ikhula: kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.
Izindawo zokuhlala: amahlathi aluhlaza, avame kakhulu e-birch, kodwa futhi atholakala emahlathini axubile, eyedwa noma ngamaqembu.
I-cap iyinyama, i-5-16 cm ububanzi, kanti kwezinye izimo ifika ku-25 cm. Ukwakheka kwekepisi ku-hemispherical, bese kumise okwe-cushion, kubushelelezi nendawo ene-fibrous kancane. Umbala oguquguqukayo: grey, grey-brown, brown brown, brown. Ngokuvamile isikhumba silenga phezu konqenqema lwekepisi.
Umlenze 7-20 cm, mncane futhi mude, cylindrical, kancane ugqinsile phansi. Kumakhowe amancane, amise okwe club. Isiqu simhlophe esinamazenga acishe abe mnyama kumakhowe asevuthiwe. Izicubu zomlenze wezibonelo ezindala ziba fibrous futhi ziqine. Ubukhulu - 1-3,5 cm.
I-pulp iminyene emhlophe noma iyaphuka. Ngekhefu, umbala ushintsha kancane ube pink noma grey-pink ngephunga elimnandi nokunambitha.
I-hymenophore icishe ikhululeke noma i-notched, imhlophe noma ibe mpunga ukuya kumpunga ongcolile ngeminyaka, futhi inamashubhu ubude obungu-1-2,5 cm. Ama-pores ama-tubules mancane, ayindilinga-ayindilinga, amhlophe.
Ukuhlukahluka: umbala we-cap uyahlukahluka kusuka kunsundu okhanyayo kuya kumnyama omnyama. Njengoba isikhunta sikhula, isikhumba sekepisi singase sishwabane, siveze amashubhu asizungezile. Izimbotshana namashubhu abamhlophe ekuqaleni, bese kuba phuzi-mpunga. Izikali esiqwini zimpunga ekuqaleni, bese zicishe zibe mnyama.
Awekho amawele anobuthi. Ngencazelo. le boletus ithi thizeni ifane nenyongo (Tylopilus felleus), enenyama ebomvana, iphunga elingemnandi kanye nokunambitheka okubabayo kakhulu.
Izindlela zokupheka: omiswe, pickling, canning, ukuthosa.
Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-2.
Lezi zithombe zibonisa ukuthi i-boletus mushroom ibukeka kanjani:
I-Boletus marsh
Lapho i-marsh boletus mushroom (Leccinum nucatum) ikhula: kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ekupheleni kukaSeptemba.
Izindawo zokuhlala: eyedwa futhi ngamaqembu e-sphagnum bogs nasemahlathini axutshwe anomswakama anama-birches, eduze nemithombo yamanzi.
Ikepisi linobubanzi obungu-3-10 cm, kanti kwezinye izimo lifinyelela ku-14 cm, kumakhowe amancane liyi-convex, limise okwe-cushion, bese liyisicaba, libushelelezi noma lishwabene kancane. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo yinati noma umbala onsundu okhilimu wekepisi.
Isiqu sincane futhi side, simhlophe noma simhlophe-ukhilimu. Isici sesibili esihlukile salolu hlobo yizikali ezinkulu esiqwini, ikakhulukazi kuma-specimens amancane, lapho ubuso bubukeka bulukhuni kakhulu futhi bunamaqhuqhuva.
Ukuphakama - 5-13 cm, ngezinye izikhathi kufinyelela ku-18 cm, ukujiya - 1-2,5 cm.
I-pulp ithambile, imhlophe, iminyene, inephunga elincane lamakhowe. I-hymenophore iba mhlophe, iba mpunga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ungqimba olushubhu luwugqinsi oluyi-1,2-2,5 cm, lumhlophe kuma-specimens amancane futhi lungcolile lube mpunga kamuva, lube nezimbotshana zamashubhu ayindilinga.
Ukuhlukahluka: umbala we-cap uyahlukahluka kusuka ku-hazel kuya ku-brown brown. Ama-tubules nama-pores - kusuka kumhlophe kuya ku-gray. Umlenze omhlophe uba mnyama ngokukhula, umbozwe amazenga ansundu ngokumpunga.
Awekho amawele anobuthi. Ngombala wekepisi, lawa makhowe e-boletus afana namakhowe enyongo angadliwa (Tylopilus felleus), lapho inyama inombala obomvana kanye nokunambitheka okubabayo.
Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-2.
Lapha ungabona izithombe ze-boletus, incazelo evezwe kuleli khasi:
