Isinye (kusuka ku-Latin vesica, isikhwama) siyindawo engokwemvelo lapho umchamo ugcinwa khona phakathi kokuchama ngakunye.

Isikhundla. Itholakala ku-pelvis, isinye siyisitho esingenalutho esiyingxenye yomzila womchamo¹.

Ukwakheka. Isinye sakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili:

– I-dome yesinye esebenza njengendawo yokugcina amanzi phakathi kokuchama ngakunye. Udonga lwayo lwakhiwe ungqimba olungaphandle lwemisipha ebushelelezi, i-detrusor, nongqimba lwangaphakathi lwe-mucosa, i-urothelium.

– Intamo yesinye evula isinye ku-urethra, umgudu oholela emgodini womchamo. Kuyasiza ukugcina umchamo ngenxa yemisipha eyindilinga ezungeze urethra: i-urethral sphincter.

Iqhaza ekuchameni. Umchamo uqhutshwa kusuka ezinso kuya kwesinye nge-ureters. Lapho ugcwalisa esinyeni, ama-sphincters ahlala evaliwe. Ukwelula kodonga lwesinye, ngenxa yokugcwaliswa, kubangela izinzwa ezibonisa isifiso sokuchama. Ukuvulwa kwama-sphincters kanye nokufinyezwa kwe-detrusor kuvumela ukuchama. Ngemva kokuchama, ama-sphincters ayavaleka futhi.²

Ukungabikho kwe-Urinary. Iziveza ngokuvuza komchamo. Izimbangela zingahlukahluka kodwa ikakhulukazi zingahlobana nesinye.

I-Cystitis. I-cystitis ukuvuvukala kwesinye okuthinta kakhulu abesifazane. Izibonakalisa ngobuhlungu ngaphansi kwesisu, ukuchama okushisayo, noma ukuhanjelwa ukuchama njalo.³ Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-cystitis, izimbangela zazo zihlukahlukene. i-cystitis ethathelwanayo eyaziwa kangcono, ibangelwa ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya.

I-cystitis ethathelwanayo. Iyindlela eyaziwa kakhulu ye-cystitis futhi ibangelwa ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya.

I-Interstitial cystitis. Izimbangela eziqondile zokukhula kwalesi sifo azikaziwa kodwa ezinye izifundo zivame ukukhombisa ukuthi lezi zinhlungu zibangelwa izinguquko odongeni lwangaphakathi lwesinye. (4)

Umdlavuza wesibeletho. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza ngokuvamile lubangelwa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimila ezimbi odongeni lwangaphakathi lwesinye. (5)

Ukwelashwa. Ngokuya nge-pathology etholakele, izidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene zinganqunywa:

- Ama-antibiotics ngokuvamile anqunyelwe i-cystitis ethathelwanayo.

- Ama-painkillers angase anqunywe ezimeni ze-cystitis ezithathelwanayo kanye ne-interstitial cystitis.

Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, i-radiotherapy. Ngokuya ngesiteji sesimila, amaseshini e-chemotherapy noma e-radiotherapy angenziwa (5). Kwezinye izimo, ukususwa kwesinye noma okuphelele kwesinye (cystectomy) kungenziwa.

Ukuxilongwa nge-positive strip. Lokhu kuxilongwa kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuthi kukhona i-benign cystitis.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-urine cytobacteriological (ECBU). Lokhu kuhlola kungase kudingeke, ikakhulukazi ku-cystitis eyinkimbinkimbi, ukukhomba amagciwane akhona emchameni kanye nokuzwela kwawo kuma-antibiotics.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging yezokwelapha. Ukuhlolwa okuhlukile kungasetshenziswa ukuhlaziya esinyeni: i-ultrasound, i-urography ye-intravenous, i-retrograde cystography noma i-uroscanner.

I-Cystoscopie. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-endoscopic kwenziwa ukuze kuhlaziywe udonga lwangaphakathi lwesinye. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuxilonga i-interstitial cystitis noma umdlavuza wesinye. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabuye kwengezwe nge-biopsy.

I-Urinary cytology. Lokhu kuhlola kungathola amangqamuzana omdlavuza emchameni.

Ubukhulu nokuma kwesinye kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Uma ugcwalisa, isinye singakhula ngosayizi ngokukhulula imisipha ezungezile.