Okuqukethwe
| Igama | I-Barbus (Barbus Cuvier) |
| umndeni | I-Cyprinid Fish (Cyprinidae) |
| Origin | I-Southeast Asia, i-Afrika, i-Southern Europe |
| Ukudla | I-Omnivorous |
| Ukukhiqiza | Ukuzalela |
| ubude | Abesilisa nabesifazane - 4 - 6 cm (emvelweni bakhula bafike ku-35 cm noma ngaphezulu) |
| Ubunzima bokuqukethwe | Kwabaqalayo |
Incazelo ye-barb fish
Ama-barbs, noma ama-barbel, yizinhlanzi zomndeni wakwaCarp. Ngokwemvelo, bahlala emanzini aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, e-Afrika naseNingizimu Yurophu.
E-aquarium, baziphatha ngokushelela kakhulu: noma bayasukelana, noma bagibele amabhamuza omoya asuka ku-compressor, noma banamathele komakhelwane babo abanokuthula ku-aquarium. Futhi-ke, ukunyakaza okungapheli kudinga amandla amaningi, yingakho ama-barbs edla kakhulu. Bashanela ukudla okuphonswe yibo ngemizuzwana futhi bahambe ngokushesha bayofuna izinsalela zokudla kokugcina ezilele phansi, futhi bengatholi lutho olufanele, baqala ukudla izitshalo ze-aquarium.
Isimo sokuthokoza, ukuzithoba okuphelele nokubukeka okukhanyayo kwenza ama-barbs aziwa kakhulu izinhlanzi zase-aquarium. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-aquarium zale nhlanzi, kunezinhlobonhlobo nemibala eminingi, kodwa namanje ethandwa kakhulu yileyo efana kakhulu nekhophi encane yama-perch echibini: ukwakheka komzimba ofanayo, imigqa emnyama eqondile efanayo, isimo esifanayo se-cocky.
Futhi ungabuka ukuziphatha komhlambi wama-barbs amahora amaningi, ngoba lezi zinhlanzi azisebenzi neze
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo zama-barbs ezinhlanzi
Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-barbs, ezinye zazo zitshalwa emanzini, kanti ezinye zinezinhlobo ezihlukile hhayi ngokubukeka kuphela, kodwa nangokuziphatha.
I-Sumatran barb (Puntius tetrazona). Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zohlobo lwe-barb, olufana kakhulu ne-perch encane: umzimba oyindilinga, umlomo ocijile, imigqa enqamulayo emzimbeni kanye namaphiko abomvu. Futhi umlingiswa ofanayo we-hooligan.
Ngemva kokusebenza kulezi zinhlanzi, abafuyi bakwazi ukuzalanisa ama-barbs, imithende yawo eyahlangana yaba indawo eyodwa emnyama, ethatha ingxenye enkulu yomzimba. Bambize i-barbus mossy. Le nhlanzi inombala omnyama we-matte kanye nemigqa ebomvu emaphikweni. Uma kungenjalo, i-mossy barb ayihlukile kumzala wayo waseSumatran.
umlilo barbus (Puntius conchonius). Leli fomu elinemibala egqamile aliwona umphumela wokukhethwa, kodwa uhlobo oluhlukile, olusuka kuma-reservoirs aseNdiya. Lama barb awanayo imigqa emnyama, futhi imizimba yawo icwebezela nawo wonke amathunzi egolide nokubomvu, futhi isikali ngasinye sicwebezela njengetshe eliyigugu. Eduze komsila kuhlala kunebala elimnyama, okuthiwa "iso lamanga".
I-Barbus cherry (Puntius titteya). Lezi zinhlanzi ezinhle azifani neze nezihlobo zazo ezinamaqhude anemigqa. Izwe lakubo yisiqhingi saseSri Lanka, futhi izinhlanzi ngokwazo zinomumo ode kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izikali zabo, ezingenazo imigqa enqamulayo, zinemibala ebomvu ngokumnyama, futhi imigqa emnyama inwebeka emzimbeni. Kunezintambo ezimbili emhlathini ongezansi. Ngemva kokusebenza kulolu hlobo lwama-barbs, abafuyi baphinde bakhipha ifomu elinomsila weveli. Ngokungafani nezinye izihlobo zabo, lezi izinhlanzi ezinokuthula kakhulu.
I-Barbus scarlet noma i-Odessa (Pethia padamya). Cha, cha, lezi zinhlanzi azihlali endaweni yokugcina amanzi esifundeni sase-Odessa. Bathole igama labo ngoba bekukuleli dolobha lapho bethulwa khona okokuqala njengohlobo olusha lwe-aquarium barb. Lolu hlobo ludabuka eNdiya. Ngokwesimo, izinhlanzi zifana ne-Sumatran barb evamile, kodwa zipendwe ngokumpunga-bomvu (umugqa obomvu obanzi ugijima kuwo wonke umzimba). I-barb ebomvu inokuthula, kodwa noma kunjalo akufanele uyihlalise ndawonye nezinhlanzi ezinamaphiko amade.
Barbus Denisoni (Sahyadria denisonii). Mhlawumbe okufana nokuncane kunawo wonke ama-barbs. Inomumo womzimba omude onemigqa emibili yobude: emnyama kanye nebomvu-ephuzi. I-dorsal fin ibomvu, futhi engxenyeni ngayinye yomsila kukhona ibala elimnyama neliphuzi. Ngokungafani namanye ama-barbs, lobu buhle abunangqondo futhi buzofanela kuphela i-aquarist enolwazi.
Ukuhambisana kwe-barb fish nezinye izinhlanzi
Ukushisa okukhanyayo kwama-barbs kubenza babe omakhelwane abanenkinga yezinhlanzi ezinokuthula. Okokuqala, bambalwa abantu abakwazi ukumelana nokunyakaza okungaguquki kanye nengxabano lapho ama-barbs ekhona. Okwesibili, ama-hooligans athanda kakhulu ukuluma amaphiko ezinye izinhlanzi. I-Angelfish, i-veiltails, izibonakude, ama-guppies nabanye bathinteka kakhulu kuzo.
Ngakho-ke, uma usanquma ukuxazulula izigebengu ezinemigqa, khona-ke ungazitholela inkampani efanayo, lapho zizozizwa zilingana, noma zinikeze i-aquarium kuma-barbs wodwa - ngenhlanhla, lezi zinhlanzi zifanelekile. Futhi bazwana kahle ne-catfish, nokho, lezi “vacuum cleaner” ezingezansi ngokuvamile ziyakwazi ukuzwana nanoma ubani.
Ukugcina ama-barbs ku-aquarium
Ngaphandle kwezinye izinhlobo (ngokwesibonelo, Denison Barbs), lezi zinhlanzi azithobeki kakhulu. Bayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma yiziphi izimo. Into esemqoka ukuthi i-aeration isebenza njalo ku-aquarium, futhi ukudla kunikezwa okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku.
Kuyafaneleka futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi ama-barbs athanda izitshalo eziphilayo, ngakho-ke awudingi ukuhlobisa i-aquarium ngama-dummies epulasitiki.
Ama-Barbs ayizinhlanzi zokufunda esikoleni, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuqala ngo-6-10 ngesikhathi esisodwa, kuyilapho i-aquarium kufanele ibe nendawo enezitshalo, futhi ikhululeke kuzo, lapho inkampani ye-minke whale ingadlala ngokugculiseka kwenhliziyo yayo. (3). I-aquarium kufanele imbozwe ngesivalo, njengoba ama-barbs angagxuma aphume kuyo ngephutha futhi afe.
Ukunakekelwa kwezinhlanzi ze-Barb
Naphezu kokuzithoba okwedlulele kwama-barbs, basadinga ukunakekelwa. Okokuqala, i-aeration. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlanzi zidinga i-compressor hhayi kuphela ukuphefumula, kodwa futhi ukudala umfudlana wama-bubbles nemisinga, eziyithanda kakhulu. Okwesibili, ukudla okuvamile. Okwesithathu, ukuhlanza i-aquarium nokushintsha amanzi kanye ngesonto. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma une-aquarium encane noma eminyene.
Umthamo we-aquarium
Ama-Barbs yizinhlanzi ezincane ezingavamile ukukhula zibe zinkulu kuno-7 cm ku-aquarium, ngakho-ke awadingi amanzi amaningi kakhulu. Vele, lokhu akusho ukuthi bangakhiywa embizeni encane, kepha i-aquarium isilinganiso samalitha angama-30 omumo obude iwufanelekela umhlambi omncane wama-barbs. Kodwa-ke, uma i-aquarium inkulu, izinhlanzi zizwa kangcono.
Ukushisa kwamanzi
Uma ifulethi lakho lifudumele, awudingi ukushisa ngokukhethekile amanzi e-aquarium, ngoba lezi zinhlanzi zizizwa zizinhle ngo-25 ° C ngisho naku-20 ° C. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ungafaki i-aquarium ebusika ebusika. ifasitela, lapho ingavuthela khona efasiteleni, noma eduze kwe-radiator, okuzokwenza amanzi afudumale kakhulu.
Yini ongayondla
Ama-Barbs ayi-omnivorous ngokuphelele, ngakho ungawondla nganoma yikuphi ukudla. Kungaba kokubili ukudla okuphilayo (bloodworm, tubifex), nokudla okomile (daphnia, cyclops). Kodwa noma kunjalo, kungcono ukusebenzisa ukudla okulinganiselayo okhethekile ngendlela yama-flakes noma amaphilisi, okuhlanganisa zonke izinto ezidingekayo empilweni yezinhlanzi.
Uma unezinhlobonhlobo ezinemibala yama-barbs, kuhle ukusebenzisa ukudla okunezithasiselo ukuze uthuthukise umbala.
Futhi khumbula ukuthi ama-barbs nawo angamaziminzi.
Ukukhiqizwa kwama-barbs ezinhlanzi ekhaya
Uma ungazange uzimisele ngokuthola inzalo kuma-barbs akho, ungayiyeka yonke ihambe yodwa, ushiye izinhlanzi ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuzala ngokwazo. Kodwa, uma kunesifiso sokwandisa inani lama-minke whales, khona-ke kufanelekile ukukhetha ama-pair athembisayo ngokushesha. Njengomthetho, emhlambini bathatha isikhundla sabaholi. Ama-barbs esifazane awavamile ukuba nombala ogqamile njengabesilisa, kodwa anesisu esiyindilinga futhi avame ukuba makhulu. Abazali abangase babe ngabazali kufanele babekwe endaweni ehlukile ye-aquarium enezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lamanzi futhi baphakelwe ukudla okunamaprotheni amaningi.
Ngokushesha nje lapho amaqanda ebeka amaqanda (futhi i-barb yesifazane izalela amaqanda angaphezu kwe-1000 ngesikhathi), izinhlanzi ezindala kufanele zisuswe endaweni yokuzalela futhi amaqanda angavundisiwe kufanele akhishwe (anamafu futhi awaphili ngokubukeka). Izibungu zizalwa ngosuku, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-2 - 3 ziphenduka zibe yi-fry, eziqala ukubhukuda ngokwazo.
Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile
Uphendule imibuzo yama-aquarists aqalayo mayelana nama-barbs umnikazi wesitolo sezilwane zasolwandle uKonstantin Filimonov.
Imithombo ye
- Shkolnik Yu.K. Izinhlanzi zase-aquarium. Complete Encyclopedia // Moscow, Eksmo, 2009
- Kostina D. Konke mayelana nezinhlanzi ze-aquarium // eMoscow, AST, 2009
- Bailey M., Burgess P. The Golden Book of the Aquarist. Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokunakekelwa kwezinhlanzi zasemanzini ashisayo // Aquarium LTD, 2004
- I-Schroeder B. Home Aquarium // Aquarium LTD, 2011