I-Ataxia, kuyini?

I-Ataxia ayisona isifo ngokwaso, kodwa a uphawu okuvela kuyo ukulimala kwe-cerebellum (ingxenye yobuchopho elawula ukuhlangana kwemisipha).

I-Ataxia iqukethe ukulahlekelwa ukusebenzisana emisipha yezingalo nemilenze ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kokuzithandela njengokuhamba noma ukubamba izinto. I-Ataxia ingathinta futhi amaphasiwedi, lo ukunyakaza kwamehlo futhiikhono lokugwinya. I-Ataxia ibizwa nangokuthi i-cerebellar ataxia noma i-cerebellar syndrome.

Kukhona futhi ukuhlukahluka okuningana kweama-ataxies ifa. Lezi yizifo zemizwa nezakhi zofuzo ezithinta i-cerebellum. Isikhathi esiningi basuke bewohloka, okusho ukuthi izinkinga zokuxhumana kugqame kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izimbangela

I-Ataxia ingabangelwa izimo eziningi:

• Un ukuhlukumeza ikhanda. Ukulimala okudalwe emgogodleni noma ebuchosheni ngenxa yengozi yomgwaqo, isibonelo.
• Ingozi ye-cerebrovascular (stroke) noma ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic yesikhashana (TIA noma i-mini-stroke), okusho ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kwesikhashana kwe-a umthambo we-cerebral okuxazulula ngokwemvelo, ngaphandle kokushiya noma yimiphi imiphumela.
• A i-cerebral palsy. Ukulimala kobuchopho ngaphambi, ngesikhathi noma ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa okuthinta ukuhambisana kokunyakaza.
• Izinkinga ezilandelayo a ukutheleleka ngegciwane njenge-chickenpox noma igciwane le-Epstein-Barr.
• I-Multiple sclerosis.
• Ukusabela okunobuthi ezinsimbi ezisindayo, njengomthofu noma i-mercury noma izincibilikisi.
• A ukusabela emithini ethile, njenge i-barbituriques (isibonelo phenobarbital) noma sedatives (isb. i-benzodiazepines), esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukukhathazeka, ukuyaluza noma ukuqwasha.
• Ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma utshwala.
• Izinkinga ze-metabolic.
• Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini.
• A isisu, ezinomdlavuza noma eziyingozi ezithinta i-cerebellum.

I-ataxias yofuzo evelele ibangelwa isakhi sofuzo esivela kumzali oyedwa.

Ngokwesibonelo:

• THEi-spinocerebellar ataxia. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-36 (eziqokwe i-SCA1 kuya ku-SCA30) zesifo, ezibonakala ngeminyaka eyahlukene yokuqala nezitho ezihlukene ezithintekayo ngaphezu kobuchopho (isib. iso).
• THEataxia isiqephu. Kunezinhlobo ezingu-7 ze-episodic ataxias (eqokwe i-EA1 ku-EA7) ebonakala njengokuhlasela okunamandla okuthinta ibhalansi nokuxhumana.

I-ataxias yofuzo ibangelwa isakhi sofuzo esivela kubazali bobabili.

Ngokwesibonelo:

• THEI-ataxia kaFriedreich.

Lesi sifo esiqhubekayo se-neuromuscular esizuzwe njengefa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwehle emzimbeni. Amaseli emizwa nenhliziyo yiwo athinteka kakhulu. Abantu abane ukuhamba okungavamile, ubuhlanya Futhi eyodwa ukuphazamiseka kwenkulumo, ebonakala ebuntwaneni noma ebusheni. Lezi zinto ezingavamile ziholela ekushintsheni kwamathambo, njengokusonteka komgogodla (scoliosis), ukuphazamiseka kwezinyawo, kanye nokwandiswa kwenhliziyo. E-Europe, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangama-1 kucatshangwa ukuthi unalesi sifo. EFrance, kuneziguli ezingaba ngu-50.

• THEataxia I-spastic Charlevoix-Saguenay (I-ARSACS).

Lesi sifo sofuzo esiyivelakancane siqondene ngqo nabantu abavela ezifundeni zaseSaguenay-Lac-St-Jean naseCharlevoix eQuebec. Kuphumela kokuthi a ukuwohloka komgogodla, ehambisana nokulimala okuqhubekayo emithanjeni ye-peripheral. Babalelwa ku-250 abantu abahaqwe yilesi sifo ezindaweni ezithintekile. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-1 uphatha isakhi sofuzo se-ARSACS kulezi zindawo.

• Theataxia i-telangiectasia noma i-Louis-Bar Syndrome.

Lesi sifo sofuzo esingavamile sithinta ukuhamba, lo imithambo yegazi (ukunwetshwa) kanye ne izivikeli mzimba. Lesi sifo ngokuvamile sivela eminyakeni engu-1 noma engu-2. Imvamisa yayo ilinganiselwa ukuthi icishe ibe ngumntwana oyedwa kwabangama-1 kuye kwangama-40 emhlabeni jikelele.

Kungenzeka futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuthi akekho umzali ophethwe yilesi sifo futhi kulokhu awukho umlando womndeni ocacile (ukuguquka komsindo).