Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okujwayelekile Amabhithi angama-60 kuya kwayi-100 inhliziyo ngomzuzu, njalo. Kujwayelekile futhi ukuthi inani lokushaya kwenhliziyo kusheshise ekuphenduleni kokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba noma uma kwenzeka kukhulelwa indlala yegilo, ngokwesibonelo. A I-arrythmia yenhliziyo kwenzeka lapho inhliziyo ishaya ngokungafani noma uma ishaya ngaphansi kwezinhliziyo ezingama-60 noma ngaphezulu kokushaya kwenhliziyo ngomzuzu, ngaphandle kwesizathu.

I-Arrhythmia yisifo senhliziyo esivame kakhulu. Enhliziyweni ehlelekile, i imizwa kagesi abalawula Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwenzeke kusuka indlela engcolile noma ungadluli kumasekethe kagesi ajwayelekile.

Isikhathi se-arrhythmia sihluka kakhulu kusuka komunye nomunye kuya kwesinye futhi kuya ngohlobo lwe-arrhythmia.

esasizizwa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-arrhythmia, futhi akuzona zonke ezichazwe kuleli shidi.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-arrhythmia

The yingakhob ahlukaniswa ngokwendawo aqhamuka kuyo, i-atrium noma i-ventricle nangokuya ngomphumela awukhiqizayo, kungaba ukusheshisa noma ukwehla kokushaya kwenhliziyo. I- tachycardia ihambelana nokunyuka kwenhliziyo, i ama-bradycardies ukwehla.

Ama-Tachycardias, noma ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo

Sikhuluma nge-tachycardia lapho inhliziyo ishaya ngesilinganiso esingaphezu kwezingu-100 ngomzuzu.

Amanye ama-tachycardias avela ku- Amakhanda. Amafomu ajwayelekile kakhulu yilawa:

• I-fibrillation ye-Atrial. Luhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-i-arrhythmia. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60, kubantu abane-high blood pressure noma abanenkinga yenhliziyo. Imvamisa kubangelwa ukuwohloka kwezicubu zenhliziyo eziguqukayo. Kuze kube ngu-10% wabantu abaneminyaka engu-80 nangaphezulu abahlupheka ngakho. Izikhathi ze-fibrillation ye-atrial ingahlala kusuka kumaminithi ambalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa. Imvamisa i-fibrillation ihlala unomphela. I-atrium ene-fibrillating ingangena ngesilinganiso sama-350 kuye ku-600 ngomzuzu (ngenhlanhla ama-ventricles awashayi ngokushesha ngoba ezinye zalezo zifinyezo ezixakile ziyavinjwa endleleni). Lolu hlobo lwe-arrhythmia lungaba yingozi. Igazi alisazungezi ngokwanele. Uma imile e-atrium, a ihluli angakha, athuthele ebuchosheni futhi abe sengozini yokudala isifo sohlangothi;
• I-atrial flutter. Lolu hlobo lwe-arrhythmia lufana ne-atrial fibrillation, yize ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuhleleke kakhudlwana futhi kuhamba kancane kulokhu, cishe ku-300 ngomzuzu;
• Tachycardia supraventricular. Kunezinhlobo eziningana. Imvamisa kubangela ukuphambana okungu-160 kuye ku-200 ngomzuzu futhi kungahlala kusuka emizuzwini embalwa kuye emahoreni ambalwa. Kwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abasha futhi ngokuvamile akuyona impilo esongela. Okuvame kakhulu yi-tachycardia engaphezulu umabhebhana ou Isifo sikaBouveret (uhlobo lwesifunda esifushane luyakhiwa futhi luvuselela ama-ventricles ngokushesha okukhulu futhi njalo). i Isifo se-Wolff-Parkinson-White kungenye indlela. Kwenzeka lapho izinkanuko zikagesi zidlula zisuka e-atrium ziye ku-ventricle ngaphandle kokudlula ku-node ye-atrioventricular;
• I-Sinus tachycardia. Kubonakala nge ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo ngaphezu kwama-100 amabhithi ngomzuzu. I-Sinus tachycardia ijwayelekile enhliziyweni enempilo ngemuva kokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuphelelwa amandla emzimbeni, ingcindezi, ukusetshenziswa kwezikhuthazi (ikhofi, utshwala, i-nicotine, njll.) Noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi kungaba wuphawu lwenkinga enkulu yezempilo enhliziyweni, efana ne-pulmonary embolism noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;
• I-Atrial extrasystole. I-extrasystole ukucindezela kwenhliziyo ngaphambi kwesikhathi, imvamisa kulandelwa ikhefu elide kunokujwayelekile. I-extrasystole kwesinye isikhathi ishelela phakathi kokushaywa okujwayelekile, ngaphandle kokushintsha ukulandelana kwayo. Kuvamile ukuba nezinsuku ezimbalwa ngosuku. Ngokukhula, zivame kakhulu, kepha kaningi zihlala zingenabungozi. Noma kunjalo, zingabangelwa inkinga yezempilo (inhliziyo noma enye). I-Atrial extrasystole iqala e-atrium, kuyilapho i-ventricular extrasystole (bheka ngezansi) ivela kuma-ventricles.

Amanye ama-tachycardias avela ku- ama-ventriclesokungukuthi, emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo:

• IVentricular tachycardia. Lokhu ukushaya okuvamile, kodwa okushesha kakhulu kwama-ventricles, kusuka kokuphikiswa okungu-120 kuye ku-250 ngomzuzu. Imvamisa kwenzeka endaweni yesibazi esishiywe ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini noma ubuthakathaka ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo. Lapho izinkathi zihlala imizuzu eminingana, zingahle zibe yi-ventricular fibrillation futhi zidinge impendulo ephuthumayo;
• I-fibrillation ventricular. Lezi zingqinamba ezisheshayo nezingahlelekile ze-ventricles yenhliziyo zakha i- eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Inhliziyo ayisakwazi ukumpompa negazi alisazungezi. Abantu abaningi balahlekelwa ukwazi ngokushesha futhi badinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, kufaka phakathi ukuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kufanele kubuyiswe nge-defibrillator, ngaphandle kwalokho umuntu uyafa kungakapheli nemizuzu embalwa;
• I-Syndrome du QT yinde. Le nkinga isho ubude besikhala se-QT ku-electrocardiogram (ECG), okuyisikhathi esiphakathi kokushaja kukagesi nokukhishwa kwama-ventricles. Kuvame ukubangelwa i- ukuphazamiseka kwezakhi zofuzo noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwenhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa eziningana ingaholela kulesi sifo. Kubangela inhliziyo ukuthi ishaye ngokushesha futhi ingajwayelekile. Kungaholela ekuqulekeni futhi kubangele nokufa okungazelelwe;
• I-Ventricular extrasystole. Ukusikwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungenzeka kuma-ventricles. I-ventricular extrasystole ivame ukwedlula leyo yemvelaphi ye-atrial. Njengase-atrial extrasystole, ayinabungozi enhliziyweni enempilo. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole ngokuqhubekayo lapho kuvame kakhulu.

Bradycardias, noma kwehle izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo

I-Bradycardia yenzeka lapho igazi lisatshalaliswa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungaphansi kwama-60 ngomzuzu. ukuze ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuhamba kancane lokho kuvamile akukhona ukusongela impilo. Kungaba yisibonakaliso sempilo enhle yenhliziyo. Abanye abasubathi, ngokwesibonelo, banesilinganiso senhliziyo sokuphumula sokushaya okungama-40 ngomzuzu futhi balunge ngendlela ephawulekayo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezimweni lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukunikeza izitho ngokwanele i-oxygen, sikhuluma ngakho i-bradycardia enezimpawu. Amafomu alandelayo ajwayelekile kakhulu:

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Sinoatrial node. Lokhu kuvame ukudala ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungaphansi kwama-50 ngomzuzu. Isizathu esivame kakhulu izicubu ezibomvu eziphazamisa noma ezingena esikhundleni se-node sinoatrial;
• Ibhlokhi ye-Atrioventricular. Lokhu kukhubazeka ekudlulisweni komfutho kagesi (ukunciphisa ijubane, ukuphazamiseka ngezikhathi ezithile noma ukuphazamiseka okuphelele) phakathi kwe-atria ne-ventricles kubangela ukwehla kokushaya kwenhliziyo.

Izimbangela

Izimbangelai-arrhythmia inhliziyo ziningi futhi zifaka okulandelayo:

• Ukuguga okujwayelekile;
• Ukucindezeleka;
• Ukuhlukunyezwa kukagwayi, utshwala, ikhofi noma okunye okuvuselelayo; ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine;
• Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni;
• I-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis;
• Ukuthatha imithi ethile;
• I-broncho-pneumopathies (izinkinga zesistimu yokuphefumula);
• I-embolism yamaphaphu;
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Coronary okuholela ekushodeni komoya-mpilo wezicubu zenhliziyo.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Izinhlobo ezithile ze-arrhythmia zandisa ubungozi bezinkinga ezinjenge:

• ingozi ye-cerebrovascular (stroke);
• ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;
• a ukulahlekelwa kokwazi (kuyaqabukela, izinhlobo ezithile kuphela ze-arrhythmia).

Ungaxhumana nini nodokotela?

Xhumana nabo amasevisi ophuthumayo zisuka nje uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungabikho komoya, ngokungalindelekile nangokungaqondakali.