Okuqukethwe
I-MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) iholele ekufeni kwabantu abangu-19 eSouth Korea kuphela emasontweni edlule. Isibalo seziguli ezixilongwayo sesidlule ku-160. Liyini leli gciwane, yiziphi izimpawu ze-MERS futhi kungenzeka yini ukulivimbela?
Yini i-MERS?
I-MERS yisifo semigudu yokuphefumula ephezulu. Igciwane le-MERS-CoV elibangela ukuthi litholakale muva nje. Saqala ukuhlonzwa kumuntu onaso eLondon ngo-2012. Igama lalesi sifo, iMiddle East Respiratory Distress Syndrome, alizange liqhamuke ndawo. Njengoba leli gciwane laqala ukutholwa, izigameko eziningi ze-MERS ziye zabikwa eSaudi Arabia.
Yilapho futhi okukholelwa ukuthi umsuka wegciwane ukhona. Ama-antibodies egciwane le-MERS-CoV atholakala emakameleni. Ukutheleleka okufanayo kwenzeka kumalulwane. Ngeshwa, ososayensi abakwazi ukukhombisa ngokungananazi ukuthi esinye salezi zilwane empeleni siwumthombo oyinhloko wokutheleleka.
Izimpawu ze-MERS
Inkambo ye-MERS iyafana nezinye izifo zalolu hlobo. Izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-MERS imfiva, ukuphelelwa umoya kanye nokukhwehlela okukhiqizwa kakhulu. Cishe amaphesenti angama-30. iziguli nazo ziba nezimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane ngendlela yokuqaqamba kwemisipha. Abanye balabo abangenwe yileli gciwane baphinde bakhale ngobuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo nokuhlanza. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-MERS iqala inyumoniya eholela ekuhlulekeni kokuphefumula okukhulu, kanye nokulimala kwezinso kanye nesifo esibi kakhulu se-intravascular coagulation.
I-MERS - imizila yokutheleleka
I-MERS cishe isakazeka ngomzila wamaconsi. Ungakwazi nakanjani ukubamba ukutheleleka kumakamela agulayo. Zikhona nezinkomba zokuthi lesi sifo singatheleleka sisuka kumuntu siye komunye. Lokhu kufakazelwa yiqiniso lokuthi ngemva kokugula kwelungu lomndeni, ilungu lomndeni ngokuvamile liba ne-MERS. Isikhathi sokufukamela sesifo siyizinsuku ezinhlanu ngokwesilinganiso. Akwaziwa ukuthi abantu abanaleli gciwane kodwa abane-asymptomatic bangathelela abanye yini.
Ukuvinjelwa kwe-MERS
I-World Health Organization incoma ukuthi labo abathintana neziguli ezine-MERS bathathe lezi zinyathelo zokuvimbela ezilandelayo:
- Ukugqoka imaski yezokwelapha evikelayo;
- Ukuvikelwa kwamehlo ngezibuko;
– Ukugqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide kanye namagilavu ngokuthintana ngqo nomuntu ogulayo;
– Ukwenyuka kwenhlanzeko ekugcineni izandla zihlanzekile.
Ukwelashwa kwe-MERS
I-MERS, uma iqhathaniswa ne-SARS, yisifo esinokufa okuphezulu kakhulu - cishe i-1/3 yalabo abanaleli gciwane bayafa. Nakuba ukuhlolwa kwezilwane ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-interferon kuye kwaphumela ekuthuthukisweni okuthile esikhathini sesifo, umphumela kubantu awuhlali usenzeka. Ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kwe-MERS kuwuphawu.