I-Agranulocytosis yisimo esingavamile segazi esibonakala ngokunyamalala kwe-subclass ye-leukocyte: i-neutrophilic granulocytes. Uma kubhekwa ukubaluleka kwazo esimisweni sokuzivikela ezifweni, ukunyamalala kwazo kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

I-Agranulocytosis yigama lezokwelapha elisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela ekungajwayelekile kwegazi. Ihambisana nokunyamalala cishe ngokuphelele kwe-neutrophil granulocyte, eyayaziwa ngokuthi ama-neutrophils egazi.

Lezi zingxenye zegazi ziyi-subclass ye-leukocyte (amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe), amangqamuzana egazi ahilelekile ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba. Lesi sigaba esincane futhi simelela iningi lama-leukocyte akhona egazini. Emzileni wegazi, ama-neutrophil granulocyte adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ngoba anesibopho sokuzivikela emizimbeni yangaphandle namaseli angenwe yileli gciwane. Bayakwazi ukwenza i-phagocyte lezi zinhlayiya, okungukuthi ukuzimunca ukuze bazibhubhise.

I-Agranulocytosis yisifo segazi esingajwayelekile esingabonakala nge-a i-hemogram, ebizwa nangokuthi I-Blood Count and Formula (NFS). Lokhu kuhlola kunikeza ulwazi oluningi ngamaseli egazi. Ukubalwa kwegazi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ikakhulukazi ukulinganisa izakhi ezihlukahlukene zegazi, okuyi-neutrophil granulocytes eyingxenye yazo.

Ngesikhathi'ukuhlaziywa kwe-neutrophil, ukungavamile kubonakala lapho ukugxila kwalawa maseli kungaphansi kuka-1700 / mm3, noma 1,7 g/L egazini. Uma izinga le-neutrophilic granulocyte liphansi kakhulu, sikhuluma nge-a neutropenia.

I-Agranulocytosis iwuhlobo oluyingozi lwe-neutropenia. Ibonakala ngezinga eliphansi kakhulu le-neutrophilic granulocyte, elingaphansi kuka-500 / mm3, noma 0,5 g / L.

Ezimweni eziningi, i-agranulocytosis iwukungajwayelekile kwegazi okwenzeka ngemva kokuthatha imithi ethile yokwelapha. Ngokuya ngemvelaphi nezici ze-anomaly, ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-agranulocytosis yezidakamizwa:

• i-agranulocytosis ebangelwa izidakamizwa, ukuthuthukiswa okubangelwa ubuthi obukhethiwe bomuthi, obuthinta kuphela umugqa we-granulocyte;
• I-agranulocytosis eyenziwe ngezidakamizwa kumongo we-aplastic anemia, ukuthuthukiswa okubangelwa ukuphazamiseka komnkantsha, okubonakala ngokuncipha kwemigqa eminingana yamangqamuzana egazi.

Ngomongo we-aplastic anemia, kungenzeka futhi ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo eziningana ze-agranulocytosis. Ngempela, lesi sifo segazi esibonakala ngokuphazanyiswa ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi emnkantsheni singaba nemvelaphi eminingana. I-anemia ye-aplastic ingabhekwa njenge:

• I-post-chemotherapy aplastic anemia lapho ulandela ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali;
• I-anemia ye-aplastic ngengozi uma kubangelwa izidakamizwa ezithile.

Nakuba i-agranulocytosis ebangelwa izidakamizwa imelela phakathi kuka-64 no-83% wamacala, lokhu okungavamile kungase kube nezinye izimbangela. Ngokwemvelaphi yebhaktheriya, igciwane noma i-parasitic, ukutheleleka esigabeni esithuthukisiwe kungabangela ikakhulukazi ukuncipha kwama-neutrophilic granulocytes.

Njengoba kunikezwe indima ye-neutrophilic granuclocyte kumasosha omzimba, i-agranulocytosis ibeka umzimba engcupheni enkulu yokutheleleka. Ama-neutrophils awasekho maningi ngokwanele ukuphikisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamagciwane athile, okungaholela ekutheni sepsis, noma i-sepsis, ukutheleleka okujwayelekile noma ukuvuvukala komzimba.

Izimpawu ze-agranulocytosis yilezo zokutheleleka. Ingazibonakalisa ngezimpawu ezithathelwanayo ezifundeni eziningana zomzimba okuhlanganisa uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, i-ENT sphere, uhlelo lwamaphaphu noma ngisho nesikhumba.

I-agranulocytosis ebangelwa izidakamizwa eyingozi ibonakala ngokuzumayo futhi ibonakala ngokuqubuka kwemfiva ephezulu (ngaphezu kuka-38,5 ° C) ehambisana nokugodola. Ku-aplasia yomnkantsha, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-agranulocytosis kungase kube kancane kancane.

I-Agranulocytosis wukungajwayelekile kwegazi okudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga. Nakuba ukwelashwa kungase kuhluke kuye ngemvelaphi ye-agranulocytosis, ukuphathwa kwayo ngokuvamile kusekelwe ku:

• ukuhlukaniswa esibhedlela ukuze kuvikelwe isiguli;
• ukuqaliswa kokwelashwa kwama-antibiotic ekwelapheni izifo;
• ukusetshenziswa kwezici zokukhula kwe-granulocyte ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwama-neutrophilic granulocyte.