A ebuchosheni isisindo se amaseli angavamile eziphindaphindeka ku Ubuchopho ngokungalawuleki.

Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 eziyinhloko zamathumba ebuchosheni kuye ngokuthi anomdlavuza noma cha:

• The izimila ezinobungozi (abanganawo umdlavuza). Zakha kancane kancane futhi ngokuvamile zihlala zihlukanisiwe nezicubu zobuchopho ezingomakhelwane. Azisabalali kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho noma ezinye izitho futhi ngokuvamile kulula ukuzikhipha ngokuhlinzwa kunezimila eziyingozi. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimila ezinobungozi zihlala zingenakuqedwa ngenxa yendawo yazo.
• The izimila ezimbi (umdlavuza). Akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuwahlukanisa nezicubu ezingomakhelwane. Ngenxa yalokho, ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukuwakhipha ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokulimaza izicubu zobuchopho ezizungezile.

Ukuhlola, okufana ne-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), i-PET scan (positron emission tomoscintigraphy) kanye ne-computed tomography (“CT scan”), kuvumela isimila ukuthi sitholakale ngokunembile. A i-biopsy (isampula yezicubu zesimila ukuze zihlaziywe) kubalulekile ekunqumeni uhlobo olubi (olungenawo umdlavuza) noma olubi (lomdlavuza) lwesimila.

Izimila zobuchopho nazo zihlukaniswa ngemvelaphi yazo nendawo.

Sihlukanisa:

• The uyafa Ubuchopho okuyisisekelo, yilezo ezisuka ebuchosheni. Zingaba yingozi (ezingezona umdlavuza) noma zibe yingozi (umdlavuza). Igama labo livela esicutshini sobuchopho ezikhula kuzo.

Phakathi kwezimila eziyingozi ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

 - Izimila ze-glial, noma ama-glioms (izimila ezimbi) ezimele ama-50 kuya ku-60% azo zonke izimila ebuchosheni. Akhiwa ngamaseli e-glial, amaseli asebenza njengesakhiwo esisekela amangqamuzana ezinzwa (ama-neurons).

- The i-medulloblastoma (izimila eziyingozi), zivela entanjeni yomgogodla esigabeni sombungu. Lezi yizimila zobuchopho ezivame kakhulu kuzo izingane kanye.

- Ekugcineni, phakathi kwezimila eziyingozi eziyinhloko, ezingavamile kunezimila ezimbi eziyinhloko, sithola i-hemangioblastomas, i-meningiomas, i-pituitary adenomas, i-osteomas, i-pinealomas, njll.

• The izimila yesibili ou i-metastatic kukhona i-malignant (umdlavuza) futhi ivela kwezinye izitho lapho umdlavuza ukhona futhi amangqamuzana awo esimila athuthela ebuchosheni futhi anda lapho. Amaseli wesimila athwalwa yigazi futhi avame ukukhula lapho kuhlangana khona into emhlophe kanye ne-grey matter ebuchosheni. Lezi izimila yesibili kaningi kunezimila eziyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ama-25% abantu ababulawa umdlavuza wazo zonke izinhlobo bangabathwali be-metastases yobuchopho.¹. Phakathi kwezimila ezivame ukubangela ama-metastases ebuchosheni: umdlavuza webele, umdlavuza wamaphaphu, umdlavuza wesikhumba (melanoma), umdlavuza wezinso, umdlavuza wekoloni, njll.

Ubani othintekayo?

Unyaka ngamunye eFrance, cishe 6.000 abantu kutholakala ukuthi bane-primary brain tumor. Bamele u-2% wawo wonke umdlavuza². ECanada, izimila zobuchopho eziyinhloko kuthinta abantu abayisi-8 kwabayi-100. Ngokuqondene nezimila ze-metastatic, zithinta abantu ababalelwa ku-000 kwabangama-32. Ucwaningo olukhulu lwezifo eziwumshayabhuqe lukhombisa ukuthi inani lezimila ebuchosheni eNtshonalanga belilokhu likhuphuka amashumi eminyaka ambalwa, ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi kungani ngempela. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kakhulu komakhalekhukhwini kubonakala kunomthelela ekwandeni kwenani lezimila ezithile zobuchopho, njengoba ucwaningo oluningi lubonisa.^{3, I-4,5}. Uma kukhulunywa ngokusetshenziswa komakhalekhukhwini, izingane zichayeka kakhulu ezimila ebuchosheni kunabantu abadala.

Ukubonisana nini?

Bonana nodokotela wakho uma uthola izimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu elibeleselayo nelinzima, elihambisana isicanucanu futhi ukuphazamiseka kombono.