Udokotela wamehlo utshele ukuthi kungani kungadingekile ukungazinaki lezi zimpawu.
Inkulumo ethi “amehlo ayisibuko somphefumulo”, yize izwakala incane, iyiqiniso impela. Bangakutshela hhayi kuphela ngempilo yakho, kepha futhi bakhombise izifo ezibucayi, njengesifo sikashukela noma amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol. Ungazibonela iningi lalezi zibonakaliso, inqobo nje uma wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke.
Izifo
Uma ugqoka amalensi wokuxhumana, bheka izindawo ezimhlophe ku-cornea yakho. “Lokhu kuyinto eyejwayelekile, kungakhombisa ukuba khona kokutheleleka nge-corneal,” - kusho omele imitholampilo we-American Academy of Ophthalmology uNatalia Hertz.
Ukucindezeleka
Olunye uphawu lokucindezeleka okukhulu ngu i-myochemistry (ukudikiza kwejwabu leso).
“Ngenxa yokukhathala nokungalali ngokwanele, imisipha ezungeze amehlo ayikwazi ukukhululeka,” kusho udokotela wamehlo u-Andrey Kuznetsov. - Ngisho nasebusuku basenkingeni engapheli. Ukugqokwa okungafanele kwamalensi, ukudla okungenampilo, ukungabikho kwamavithamini we-magnesium nama-B nakho kungadala i-myokimia.
Ukulahlekelwa ngombono ngokungazelelwe
- Uma ngokungazelelwe uyeke ukubona isithombe phambi kwakho, khona-ke lokhu kungaba yisibonakaliso unhlangothi, - kusho u-Andrey Kuznetsov. - Ngenxa yokuthi ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni akuhambi, ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinzwa ze-optic kuyaphazamiseka.
Kuvuvukele izinkophe ezingezansi
- Uma ijwabu leso livuvukile, futhi ukuvuvukala akupheli zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu, kufanele wenze i-MRI, uvakashele udokotela wezifo zamehlo nodokotela wezinzwa. Lokhu kungabonisa ukuba khona kwesimila, - waphetha udokotela.
Diabetes
Ukubona okungabonakali kukhombisa i-hyperopia noma i-myopia. Kodwa-ke, isifo sikashukela singaba esinye isizathu sokufiphala kwesithombe. Ngokocwaningo lwango-2014, abantu abangu-74% abanalesi sifo banezinkinga zokubona.
I-cholesterol ephakeme
UNataliya Hertz uxwayisa ngokuthi uma ubona indandatho emhlophe ku-cornea, udinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuguqulwa kombala okunjalo kungakhombisa izinga eliphakeme cholesterol kanye triglycerides (okunamafutha egazini). Lezi zinto zingadala isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.
Ukungezwani komzimba
Amehlo awomile, isikhumba esingaqondile ngamehlo, amehlo anamanzi ayizimpawu zokungezwani nenkathi ethile yonyaka.
- Kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlolwe futhi kuhlolwe ama-allergen, - Amasheya ka-Andrey Kuznetsov.
Izinkinga ze-retinal
Abaningi sebevele bajwayele iqiniso lokuthi kwesinye isikhathi izinkanyezi zindiza phambi kwamehlo abo. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa yoshintsho olukhulu ekumeni, lapho umzimba ungenaso isikhathi sokuzihlela kabusha esikhaleni. Kodwa-ke, uHertz uthi lokhu kungakhuluma futhi iqembu le-retinal (Imicu ye-retinal nerve, eyenziwe ngamaseli we-photoreceptor, axhumene nomgogodla wawo). Lokhu kudinga ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa ngokushesha. Kuyadingeka ukunamathisela indawo yegebe kahle kakhulu kangangokuba kwakheka isibazi phakathi kwe-retina ne-choroid. Lokhu kwenziwa ikakhulukazi nge umabhebhana (ukuchayeka emakhazeni) noma i-laser photocoagulation (ngokusha kokwelashwa).
Ukucindezela okukhulu
- Uma ubona imithambo yegazi eqhekekile ku-retina yeso, lokhu-ke kukhombisa ingcindezi ephezulu - i-retinopathy ene-hypertension, - kusho udokotela wezifo zamehlo. - Futhi, isizathu singaba conjunctivitis (ukutheleleka) noma ubunzima bomzimba. Isibonelo, lesi simo singabonwa kubasubathi noma kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
Ukukhathala okungapheliyo
Amehlo avuvukile, abomvu futhi amasaka amnyama ngaphansi kwawo akhombisa ukusebenza ngokweqile nokuntuleka kokulala. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi nakho kungenye yezinkomba zempilo. Uma, ngemuva kokuphumula, lezi zimo zinganyamalalanga, udinga ukuxhumana nodokotela. Khumbula ukuthi ukukhathala okungapheli kugcwele izingibe futhi kungaholela ekuguleni okungathi sína.
Ukugcwala kwelanga
Uma uthola ngokungazelelwe pingvukula (indawo ephuzi emhlophe esweni), kungcono ukuyidlala iphephile bese uhlola i-fundus. Lokhu kungaba esinye sezibonakaliso ze-oncology. Futhi, ucwaningo lwango-2013 luveze ukuthi lezi zindawo zingenzeka kulabo abachitha isikhathi esiningi elangeni. Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet ithinta kabi amehlo futhi ibhubhise ukwakheka kwayo.
jaundice
- Abamhlophe abaphuzi bamehlo bakhombisa ukutheleleka nge-jaundice, - kusho udokotela wezifo zamehlo u-Andrei Kuznetsov. - Lokhu kufakazelwa ukuhlushwa okuphezulu bilirubin egazini (isakhi esiphuzi esivela ekubhujisweni kwamaseli abomvu egazi). Kubalulekile ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-hepatitis B. Lokhu ukutheleleka kwesibindi okusongela impilo okungadala ukuqina kwesibindi nomdlavuza.
Inkinga yamehlo
Uma uhlezi kukhompyutha usuku lonke futhi ungakuboni ukukhanya okumhlophe, khona-ke amehlo omile awakwazi ukugwenywa. Ububomvu, ukulunywa, ukuklebhuka okwandisiwe kuphakamisa ukuthi udinga ukuphumuza amehlo akho.
- Abasebenzi basehhovisi kufanele benze i-ophthalmic gymnastics elula okungenani njalo emahoreni amabili, - kuqhuba udokotela. - Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuqeda ukungezwani. Ukuzithambisa ukhololo wendawo kuyakhuthazwa nokwenza ngcono ukujikeleza kwegazi. Susa njalo amalensi wokuxhumana ekhaya.
Izinguquko zombala wamehlo
"Uma nsuku zonke ubona ukuthi amandla okubuka ayancipha futhi umbala wamehlo uqala ukushintsha (i-cornea noma i-iris seyigubuzelwe), khona-ke uba nokulimala," kusho udokotela wezifo zamehlo. - Kungaba ngenxa yamathumba ahlukahlukene anjenge-lymphoma.
Amehlo abuthuntu
Njengoba umuntu ekhula, ubuso beso bungaba mpunga. Lokhu kukhuluma ngesifo esinjalo, njengekhathakhatha (ukufiphalisa ilensi etholakala ngaphakathi kwiso leso). Akufanele kube mnyama kulensi enempilo. Ilensi esobala lapho isithombe singagxila khona ku-retina. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-cataract akunakuvinjelwa nganoma iyiphi indlela, kepha kunganciphisa ijubane. Okokuqala, vikela amehlo akho elangeni elikhanyayo - gqoka izibuko zelanga. Okwesibili, phuza amavithamini bese ulawula ushukela wegazi lakho.
Omele Umtholampilo weAmerican Academy of Ophthalmology.