I-Zika virus kanye nabesifazane abakhulelwe: izincomo

Igciwane leZika nokukhulelwa: sithatha isitoko

Isikhumbuzo esifushane samaqiniso

Kusukela ku-2015, ubhubhane olunamandla lwegciwane leZika ithinta iMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Ikhonjwe kusukela ngo-1947 e-Sub-Saharan Africa, leli gciwane lazinza ePolynesia ngo-2013 futhi cishe lalizofika ezwenikazi laseMelika ngo-2014, ngesikhathi sendebe yomhlaba yebhola eBrazil. Manje isikhonjwe kwamanye amazwe ezwenikazi iPeru, iVenezuela, iColombia, iGuyana, iWest Indies kanye neMexico imbala. NgoFebhuwari 1, 2016, Inhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba (WHO) yamemezela ukuthi igciwane leZika ” isimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo yomphakathi emhlabeni wonke ".

Lesi sifo kungenzeka ukuthi sisakazwe ngocansi, ngisho namathe, futhi ikakhulukazikubangela ukukhubazeka kobuchopho emibungwini evezwe igciwanes. Sihlole isimo noDkt Olivier Ami, uNobhala Jikelele weNational Professional Council of Gynecology and Obstetrics (CNPGO).

Incazelo, ukudluliswa kanye nezimpawu zegciwane leZika

I-Zika virus yi-flavivirus emndenini ofanayo namagciwane odenga kanye ne-yellow fever. Ithwalwa wumiyane ofanayo, okusho ukuthi umiyane wengwe (uhlobo Aedes). Ukulunywa kanye nje kunganela ukuthola leli gciwane, inqobo nje uma umiyane ungumthwali.

Okwenza ukutholwa kwaleli gciwane kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi lingase libe ne-asymptomatic (ngaphezu kuka-3/4 wezimo), futhi lingaqalisi noma yiluphi uphawu. Uma kunezimpawu, igciwane liyabangela izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, njengemfiva, ubuhlungu bemisipha namalunga, ukudangala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ngisho ne-conjunctivitis. Imvamisa imnene, lezi zimpawu ziyanyamalala phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2 kuya kweziyi-7 ngemuva kokuthola igciwane. Ngeshwa, kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, leli gciwane lingenwa kalulakuthinta ukukhula kobuchopho bengane, yingakho abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bagadwe ngokukhethekile.

Ohlangothini lokuxilonga, kusekelwe elula ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma amathe noma isampula yomchamo lapho sizobheka khona iminonjana yegciwane, ngokunembile kakhulu ifa lalo lofuzo. Kepha ngokusobala, ukuba khona kwezimpawu kuphela okuzocindezela amaqembu ezokwelapha ukuthi asole leli gciwane. Uma lesi sakamuva sikhona kumuntu ngamunye, khona-ke odokotela bangase banqume ukukhulisa igciwane elabhorethri ukukala amandla ayo okuthelelanayo futhi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nobungozi bayo.

I-Zika nokukhulelwa: ingozi yokukhubazeka kwe-fetus

Okwamanje, akusabuzwa ukuthi ingabe igciwane leZika ngempela liyimbangela yokukhubazeka kobuchopho okubonwa emibungwini eveziwe. ” Iziphathimandla zaseBrazil zethule isexwayiso, ngokwezincomo zodokotela, ngoba sebememezele futhi bahlonza isibalo esingejwayelekile samacala ezingane ezine ukuzungeza kwekhanda elincane (i-microcéphalie) kanye / noma ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubonakalayo ku-ultrasound kanye nasekuzalweni Kusho uDkt Ami. Ngokolunye uhlangothi, " asikho isiqiniseko mayelana nenani le-microcephaly eqinisekisiwe. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kwe-cerebral anomaly kuyakhathaza kakhulu njengoba kunjalo okuhlobene nokukhubazeka kwengqondo " Uma i-perimeter ye-cranial incane, ingozi enkulu yokukhubazeka kwengqondo ”, kuchaza uDkt Ami.

Nokho, uNobhala Jikelele we-CNPGO uhlala eqaphile: uyakubheka lokhoumjikelezo we-cranial emkhawulweni ophansi akufanele kuholele ekucabangeni ukuthi ingane izoba nokukhubazeka kwengqondo, ngoba yona kanye incazelo ye-microcephaly ayicacile. Ngokufanayo, akungoba a owesifazane okhulelwe unegciwane leZika ukuthi nakanjani uzoyidlulisela enganeni yakhe. ” Namuhla, lapho owesifazane okhulelwe ethola igciwane leZika, akekho ongasho amaphesenti obungozi ukuthi uzolidlulisela enganeni yakhe. Akekho ongasho nokuthi iyini ingozi yephesenti yokuthi umbungu othelelekile uzoba ne-microcephaly.. “Ngokusobala, esikhathini samanje,” siyazi nje ukuthi kukhona okwenzekayo nokuthikumele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukuchayeka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe », Kufingqa uDkt Ami.

I-Zika nokukhulelwa: izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe

Uma kubhekwa izingozi ezingase zibe khona ku-fetus, kusobala ukuthi umgomo wokuzivikela ulungile. Ngakho-ke iziphathimandla zaseFrance zeluleka abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuthi bangayi ezindaweni lapho igciwane likhona. Abesifazane abahlala kulezi zindawo okuthiwa yi-endemic nazo ziyalulekwa ukuthi bahlehlise uhlelo lwabo lokukhulelwa inqobo nje uma igciwane likhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengakuzo zonke izifo eziwubhubhane ezithwalwa omiyane, kunjalo belulekwa ukusebenzisa amanethi omiyane kanye nemithi exosha omiyane uma uya emazweni athintekayo.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ngemva kokuhlala endaweni eyingozi ngenkathi ukhulelwe?

NgokukaDkt Ami kanye neNational Professional Council of Gynecology and Obstetrics, kusemfashinini cabangela noma ubani obuya endaweni ewumqedazwe wegciwane leZika njengoba angase athinteke.I-Institut Pasteur isemkhankasweni wokusungula neKomidi Eliphakeme Lezempilo Yomphakathi ukusiza odokotela bazi ukuthi bahlolele ukuba khona kwaleli gciwane ezigulini zabo noma cha, kuye ngezwe elivakashelwe kanye nosuku lokubuya.

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ababuya endaweni ehlala njalo, i-CNPGO incoma ukuthi odokotela basebenze I-Zika virus serology bese usetha ukuqapha eduze uma ungabaza, ku ukukala isiyingi sekhanda le-fetus ku-ultrasound ngayinye. « Lesi silinganiso esilula sizokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubona noma cha ukuba khona kwalokho esikwesabayo, okungukuthi ukubonakala kokukhubazeka noma, kunoma yikuphi, ukungaphuthelwa. », Kugcizelela uDkt Ami.

I-Zika nokukhulelwa: yini okufanele uyenze uma kukhona ukutheleleka okuqinisekisiwe?

Ngeshwa akekho akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile ngokumelene ne-Zika virus okwamanje. Ngokufanayo, kukhona okwamanje awukho umgomo ukunqanda lolu bhubhane, noma ngabe ucwaningo lusebenza ukuze kutholakale eyodwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Futhi, uma umuntu ethole igciwane futhi ebonisa izimpawu, kuyoba nje indaba yokumisa ukwelashwa okubonakalayo. Ama-analgesics azonikezwa izinhlungu zekhanda nezinhlungu, imithi yokulunywa, njll. Nokho, ayikho indlela yokuvimbela umuntu onegciwane ukuthi athole zonke lezi zimpawu. Kowesifazane okhulelwe, kuyafana: ayikho indlela eyaziwayo okwamanje yokumvimbela ekudluliseleni igciwane leZika enganeni yakhe.

Inqubo izobandakanya ukuzama ukuhlola ingozi ye-microcephaly ingane futhi ubheke izimpawu zalokhu okungavamile. Uma owesifazane okhulelwe ethinteka, kufanele alandelwe ku multidisciplinary prenatal diagnostic centre, lapho ithimba lezokwelapha lizokwenza khona ama-ultrasound avamile okuxilonga. Lapho ukutheleleka kufakazelwa, " akuwona nje umjikelezo wekhanda okufanele ubuke »kusho uDkt Ami. ” Kukhona futhi amehlo (ukuba khona kwe i-microphtalmie) kanye nobuchopho. Sizohlola ukungabi khona kwe ukubalwa, okwandulela ukuqala kokulimala kobuchopho, ukungabikho kwama-cysts noma ukungahambi kahle kwe-cortical. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa akukho phakathi kwalokho okuvame ukwenziwa ehhovisi. »

I-Zika nokukhulelwa: i-amniocentesis yokuhlola ukuba khona kwegciwane

Ukuhlanganisa ukuxilongwa, uDkt Ami uveza ukuthi i-amniocentesis nayo ingenziwa. ” Sizozama ukukhombisa igciwane leZika ku-amniotic fluid nge-amniocentesis, kodwa kuphela uma owesifazane okhulelwe ngokwakhe enegciwane futhi ingane yakhe inokukhubazeka kobuchopho ku-ultrasound », Uyachaza. ” Uma elidlulisela enganeni yakhe, le yakamuva izolikhiphela igciwane oketshezini lwe-amniotic, ikakhulukazi phakathi kosuku lwesi-3 nolwesi-5 ngemva kokutheleleka. Njengoba uketshezi lwe-amniotic luyindawo evalekile, singathola imikhondo yegciwane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngisho nangemuva kwamasonto ambalwa. Uyaqhubeka. ” Lesi siqinisekiso sizokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlonza izinga lokudidayo okubonwa futhi okuxhunyaniswe naleli gciwane. ”, Okuzoqhubekisela phambili ucwaningo.

Uma ithimba lezokwelapha liqiniseka cishe ukuthi ingane isengozini enkulu yokukhubazeka kwengqondo, umbhangqwana ungase ucele usizo. ukunqanyulwa kwezokwelapha kokukhulelwa, inqubo egunyazwe e-France ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, kodwa ehlala inqatshelwe emazweni amaningi athintekile (ikakhulukazi e-Brazil). E-France, lokhu kufanele kwamukelwe ngaphandle kwenkinga uma ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kufakazelwa ngenxa yokungajwayelekile okubonwa ku-ultrasound. UDkt Ami uyakucacisa lokho izingane ezizalwa zine-microcephaly ” babe neminyaka cishe evamile yokuphila, cishe ukuxhumana okuvamile okuvamile, kodwa ukubambezeleka kwemoto okwenza kube nzima, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukutholwa kokuhamba nokukhuluma. »

UZika nowesifazane okhulelwe: kuthiwani ngokuncelisa?

« Okwamanje kukhona asikho isizathu sokuvimbela ukuncelisa kowesifazane, noma ngabe unegciwane Kusho uDkt Ami. ” Kuze kube manje, azikho izimo ezishicilelwe zezinhlobo ezinzima zokutheleleka ngegciwane leZika ezinsaneni noma ezinganeni ezincane. Igciwane lizobabangela izimpawu ezifanayo nezabantu abadala, kodwa ayikho inkinga ngokukhubazeka kobuchopho kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ubuchopho sebuvele bakheka Uyaqhubeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uDkt Ami ugcizelela ukuthi akuqiniseki ukuthi igciwane leZika, uma likhona obisini lwebele, linamandla okutheleleka. ” Kuthiwani uma owesifazane ethola igciwane ngemva kokubeletha ngesikhathi encelisa, izingozi ebuchosheni bomntwana zibonakala zingekho, ngokwezinto zokuqala ezivela ezincwadini zesayensi. "Khona kukhona" asikho isizathu sokwenqabela ukuncelisa abesifazane abanalesi sigaba », kuphetha uDkt Ami.