Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukuchaza i-yoga ngokwayo. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi bangaki amaqili “akhanyisiwe” nabaprofethi bamanga manje abazulazula emhlabeni, abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi labo abangajwayelene nemibono yefilosofi yase-Asia, banombono ongajabulisi kakhulu waleli siko lama-XNUMX. Kwenzeka ukuthi phakathi kwe-yoga namahlelo ubeke uphawu olulinganayo.
Kulesi sihloko, i-yoga isho, okokuqala nje, uhlelo lwefilosofi, umkhuba womzimba nengqondo okufundisa ukulawula ingqondo nomzimba, ukulandelela nokulawula imizwelo, futhi ukhulule izinsimbi zomzimba nezengqondo. Uma sicabangela i-yoga kulo mthambo, sincike ezinkambisweni zomzimba ezenzeka emzimbeni lapho wenza i-asana ethile, khona-ke umbuzo wamahlelo noma ukuphakanyiswa kwenkolo uzonyamalala ngokwawo.
1. Ingabe i-yoga iyakuvumela ukudla imifino?
Ngokwemithombo eyinhloko yamaHindu, ukwenqatshwa kwemikhiqizo yobudlova kuwukweluleka ngokwemvelo. Akuwona wonke amaNdiya namuhla adla imifino. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuwona wonke ama-yogi adla imifino. Kuya ngokuthi umuntu wenza liphi isiko nokuthi uzibekela yiphi inhloso.
Umuntu uvame ukuzwa kubantu asebehlale isikhathi eside eNdiya ukuthi iningi lezakhamuzi zakhona liphila ngokudla imifino, kakhulu ngenxa yobumpofu kunangenxa yezizathu zenkolo. Uma umNdiya enemali eyengeziwe, angakwazi ukuthenga kokubili inyama notshwala.
"AmaNdiya ngokuvamile angabantu abasebenzayo," kuqinisekisa u-Vladimir Chursin ongumfundisi we-hatha yoga. - Inkomo kumaHindu iyisilwane esingcwele, cishe ngoba iyaphakela futhi iyaselela. Ngokuqondene nomkhuba we-yoga, kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphuli isimiso sokungabi nobudlova ngokuphathelene nawe. Isifiso sokuyeka inyama kufanele sizizele ngokwaso. Angizange ngibe umuntu odla imifino ngaso leso sikhathi, futhi kwazenzekela. Angizange ngikunake nokunaka, izihlobo zami zaqaphela.
Esinye isizathu esenza ama-yogis angayidli inyama nenhlanzi yilesi elandelayo. EbuHindu, kunento efana nezibhamu - izimfanelo (amandla) emvelo. Kalula nje, lezi yizici ezintathu zanoma isiphi isidalwa, ingqikithi yazo ingamandla aqhubayo, indlela yokwakha umhlaba. Kunezibhamu ezintathu eziyinhloko: i-sattva - ukucaca, ukukhanya, ubuhle; i-rajas - amandla, intshiseko, ukunyakaza; kanye ne-tamas - inertia, inertia, ubuthuntu.
Ngokwalo mqondo, ukudla kungahlukaniswa nge-tamasic, i-rajasic ne-sattvic. Owokuqala ubuswa indlela yokungazi futhi ubizwa nangokuthi ukudla okusekelwe phansi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa inyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda, nakho konke ukudla okudala.
Ukudla kwe-Rajasic kugcwalisa umzimba womuntu ngezifiso nezinkanuko. Lokhu kungukudla kwababusi namaqhawe, kanye nabantu abafuna ubumnandi bomzimba: iziminzi, iziphingi nabanye. Lokhu kuvame ukufaka okubabayo kakhulu, okunosawoti omningi, okuphekwe ngokweqile, ukudla okubhenywayo, utshwala, imithi, futhi futhi zonke izitsha zezilwane ezivela enyameni, inhlanzi, izinkukhu.
Futhi, ekugcineni, ukudla kwe-sattvic kunikeza umuntu amandla, ama-ennobles, agcwalisa ubuhle, amvumela ukuba alandele indlela yokuzithuthukisa. Konke lokhu ukudla kwezitshalo okuluhlaza, izithelo, imifino, amantongomane, okusanhlamvu.
I-yogi ezilolongayo ifuna ukuhlala ku-sattva. Ukuze enze lokhu, ugwema imikhuba yokungazi kanye nothando kukho konke, kuhlanganise nokudla. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho ungathola khona ukucaca, ukufunda ukuhlukanisa phakathi kweqiniso namanga. Ngakho-ke, noma yikuphi ukudla kwemifino kuhlotshaniswa nokuhlanzwa kokuba khona.
2. Ingabe i-yogis vegan?
"Emibhalweni ye-yogic, angikaze ngikubone kukhulunywa nge-veganism, ngaphandle kwezincazelo zemikhuba eyeqisayo," kusho u-Alexei Sokolovsky, umfundisi we-hatha yoga, intatheli ye-yoga, umelaphi weReiki. “Ngokwesibonelo, kunezinkomba eziqondile zokuthi i-hermit yogis ekahle kakhulu, echitha usuku lonke ezindla emhumeni, idinga uphizi lukapelepele omnyama amathathu kuphela ngosuku. Ngokusho kwe-Ayurveda, lo mkhiqizo ulinganiswa ngama-doshas (izinhlobo zamandla okuphila). Njengoba umzimba usohlotsheni lopopayi omisiwe amahora angama-20, ama-calorie, empeleni awadingeki. Lena inganekwane, yebo - mina ngokwami angikaze ngihlangane nabantu abanjalo. Kodwa ngiqinisekile ukuthi akukho ntuthu ngaphandle komlilo.
Ngokuqondene nokwenqatshwa kwemikhiqizo yokuxhashazwa nobudlova ezilwaneni, abalandeli be-Jainism banamathela ezimisweni ze-veganism (yebo, abalisebenzisi igama elithi "vegan" ngokwabo, njengoba i-veganism iyinto, okokuqala, i-Western and ngokwezwe). AmaJain azama ukungalimazi ngisho nasezitshalweni ngokungadingekile: adla ikakhulukazi izithelo, agweme izilimo eziyizigaxa nezimpande, kanye nezithelo eziqukethe imbewu eminingi (ngoba imbewu ingumthombo wokuphila).
3. Ingabe ama-yogi kufanele aphuze ubisi futhi ingabe ama-yogi adla amaqanda?
"Ubisi luyanconywa ku-Yoga Sutras esahlukweni somsoco," kuqhubeka u-Alexei Sokolovsky. - Futhi, ngokusobala, ubisi olusha okushiwo, hhayi lokho okuthengiswa ezitolo emabhokisini amakhadibhodi. Iwushevu kakhulu kunekhambi. Ngamaqanda, kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba emzaneni bayaphila, bavundiswa, ngakho-ke, lokhu kuyingane noma umbungu wenkukhu. Kukhona iqanda elinjalo - ukubamba iqhaza ekubulaweni kwengane. Ngakho-ke, i-yogis igwema amaqanda. Othisha bami abavela e-India, u-Smriti Chakravarty kanye nomfundisi wakhe u-Yogiraj Rakesh Pandey, bobabili bangama-vegans kodwa abawona ama-vegan. Badla ubisi, imikhiqizo yobisi, ibhotela, futhi ikakhulukazi i-ghee.
Ngokusho kwabafundisi, i-yogis idinga ukuphuza ubisi ukuze umzimba ukhiqize inani elifanele le-mucus, elidingekayo ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwemisipha, imigqa kanye namalunga. I-yogi ye-Vegan ingashintsha ubisi ngerayisi, njengoba inezici ezifanayo ze-astringent.
4. Ingabe abantu nezilwane bayalingana, futhi ingabe isilwane sinawo umphefumulo?
U-Yevgeny Avtandilyan, umfundisi we-yoga nosekela profesa eMoscow State University, uthi: “Buza izilwane, ikakhulukazi lapho zithunyelwa esilaheni. - Lapho omunye umfundisi waseNdiya ebuzwa ukuthi uthandazela bani emithandazweni yakhe: kuphela abantu noma izilwane, waphendula lokho kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo.
Ngokombono wamaHindu, zonke izinto eziphilayo, okungukuthi, zonke izidalwa eziphilayo, zimunye. Asikho isiphetho esihle noma esibi. Noma ungaba nenhlanhla yokuzalwa emzimbeni womuntu, hhayi inkomo, konke kungashintsha noma yinini.
Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nzima ngathi ukwemukela okwenzakala emhlabeni nxa sibona ukuhlupheka. Kulokhu, ukufunda ukuzwelana, ukuhlukanisa iqiniso, kuyilapho ukuthatha isikhundla sombukeli kuyinto eyinhloko ye-yogi.
5. Pho kungani ingewona ama-yogis vegans?
"Ngicabanga ukuthi ama-yogi ngokuvamile awathambekele ekulandeleni imithetho, ngisho naleyo esungulwe yi-yogis uqobo," kusho u-Alexei Sokolovsky. Futhi inkinga akukhona ukuthi zimbi noma zilungile. Uma usebenzisa imithetho ngokungacabangi, ngaphandle kokuhlola okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho, nakanjani iphenduka izimfundiso ezifundisayo. Yonke imiqondo esihlokweni se-karma, ukudla okunomsoco kanye nokholo kuhlala kuyimiqondo, akusenjalo, uma umuntu engaziboni yena. Ngeshwa, asikwazi ukuhlanza i-karma ngezindlela eziqondile, ngoba ngisho noma sidla ukudla kwezitshalo, sibhubhisa izigidi zezinto eziphilayo njalo ngomzuzwana - amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, ama-microbes, izinambuzane, njalonjalo.
Ngakho-ke, umbuzo awukona ukulimaza, nakuba lokhu kungumthetho wokuqala we-Yama, kodwa ukufeza ukuzazi. Futhi ngaphandle kwayo, yonke eminye imithetho ayinalutho futhi ayinamsebenzi. Ukuwasebenzisa nokuwaphoqelela kwabanye abantu, umuntu udideka nakakhulu. Kodwa, mhlawumbe, lesi yisigaba esidingekayo sokwakheka kwabanye. Ekuqaleni kwenqubo yokuhlanzwa kwengqondo, ukwenqatshwa kwemikhiqizo yobudlova kuyadingeka.
Ukufingqa
Kunezikole eziningi namasiko e-yoga namuhla. Ngamunye wabo anganikeza izincomo ezithile mayelana nokudla okungadliwa futhi okungenakudliwa. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi akunamkhawulo ekupheleleni okungokomoya nokuziphatha. Kwanele ukukhumbula ukuthi ngaphezu kwe-veganism, kukhona ukudla okuluhlaza okunempilo nokunobungani kwemvelo kanye ne-fruarianism, futhi, ekugcineni, ukudla kwe-prano. Mhlawumbe akufanele sigcine lapho, ngaphandle kokwenza inkolo ngezenzo zethu nemibono yezwe? Phela, ngokusekelwe kumbono wezwe wamaHindu, sonke siyizinhlayiya zengqikithi eyodwa. Iyinkimbinkimbi, enhle futhi engapheli.