Yini isilinganiso semethabolic

Igama elithi "metabolism" elisetshenziswa enkulumweni yezazi zokudla okunomsoco nabasubathi, abafundisi bokufaneleka kanye nokunciphisa umzimba njalo.

Ngokuvamile leli gama lisetshenziselwa incazelo yegama elithi "metabolism". Kodwa kuyini ngempela? Abantu bayazi, hhayi bonke. Ake sicabangele.

Kwenzenjani?

umzimba yizinqubo kunoma iyiphi into ephilayo ukuze kugcinwe ukuphila kwayo. I-Metabolism ivumela umzimba ukuba ukhule, ukhiqize kabusha, uphulukise umonakalo, futhi usabele emvelweni.

Ukuze lokhu ngempela edingekayo ukushintshana njalo kwezinto. Ukuhlukanisa izinqubo zibe imifudlana emibili. Enye ebhubhisayo - i-catabolism, enye i-anabolism eyakhayo.

Ukuhlakazwa ezingeni lamangqamuzana...

Noma yimuphi umsoco uthola emzimbeni, awukwazi ngokushesha ukuya izidingo zethu. Ngokwesibonelo, amaprotheni kusukela kumantongomane, ubisi kanye nemisipha yomuntu ihluke kakhulu, ayikwazi ukufaka esikhundleni somunye nomunye.

Kodwa-ke, aqukethe "amabhulokhi wokwakha" afanayo - amino acid. Nakuba amaprotheni ngalinye liyisethi yawo ehlukene kanye nesilinganiso.

Ukuthola impahla, ngokwesibonelo, i-bicep, ama-enzyme akhethekile ahlakazwa atholakala obisini noma enkukhu amaprotheni ku-amino acid ngayinye ezisetshenziswa kamuva.

Ngokuhambisana namandla akhululiwe, akalwa ngamakhalori. Inqubo ephambene i-catabolism. Esinye isibonelo se-catabolism ukuwohloka koshukela ojwayelekile ocolisisiwe ube yi-fructose neglucose.

… kanye nesitolo sokuhlangana

Umzimba awanele ukuhlakaza amaprotheni ekudleni okudliwayo abe ama-amino acid. Idinga ukuhlanganisa amaprotheni amasha yemisipha ye-biceps efanayo.

Ukwakhiwa kwama-molecule ayinkimbinkimbi avela ezingxenyeni ezincane kudinga amandla. Isebenzisa ama-calories afanayo umzimba owathola lapho "i-disassembly". Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-anabolism.

Izibonelo ezimbalwa ezibonisa umsebenzi "Isitolo se-Assembly" somzimba - ukukhula kwezipikili nokuphulukiswa kokuphuka emathanjeni.

Futhi aphi amafutha?

Uma ohlelweni lokuhlukaniswa kwezakhi sithola amandla amaningi kunalokho okudingekayo ukwakha amaseli amasha emzimbeni, kukhona ukweqisa okucacile edinga ukugcinwa.

Lapho umzimba uphumule, inqubo ye-metabolic isebenza ngemodi "engemuva" futhi ayidingi izinto ezisebenzayo zokuhlukanisa nokuhlanganisa. Kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho umzimba uqala ukunyakaza, zonke izinqubo ziyashesha futhi zikhuliswe. Ukwenyuka kwesidingo samandla nezakhamzimba.

Kodwa ngisho nangomzimba onyakazayo ungaba khona ama-calories amaningi uma udla ukudla kakhulu.

Ingxenye encane yamandla atholakele futhi angasetshenzisiwe ngendlela yama-carbohydrate - i-glycogen – umthombo wamandla emisipha esebenzayo. Igcinwa emisipha nasesibindini.

Okunye kuyanqwabelana emangqamuzaneni amafutha. Futhi ekudalweni kwabo nasekusekeleni umzimba udinga amandla amancane kakhulu kunokwakha imisipha noma amathambo.

Kungani i-metabolism ihlotshaniswa nesisindo somzimba

Singasho ukuthi isisindo somzimba i-catabolism isusa i-anabolism. Ngamanye amazwi, umehluko phakathi kwenani elimunyisiwe namandla asetshenzisiwe.

Ngakho-ke, kudliwe igremu elilodwa lamafutha linikeza i-9 kcal kanye nenani elifanayo lamaprotheni noma ama-carbohydrate angu-4 kcal. Ama-calories angu-9 afanayo umzimba uzowabeka ngendlela ye-1 gram yamafutha kakade ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, uma uhluleka ukuwachitha.

Isibonelo esilula: udle isinkwa ulale kusofa. Isinkwa namasoseji…. umzimba uthole amafutha, amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate kanye 140 kcal. Lapho uqamba amanga, umzimba uzosebenzisa ama-kilojoule ngenxa nje yokuwohloka kokudla okudliwe kanye nemisebenzi yokugcina yokuphefumula nokujikeleza - cishe ama-kcal angama-50 ngehora. I-90 kcal esele izophenduka i-10 g yamafutha futhi izobambezeleka edepho yamafutha.

Uma umlandeli wamasemishi eza ohambeni oluphumulele, lawa macalories umzimba uzowachitha cishe ihora.

I-metabolism "enhle" futhi "embi"?

Abaningi babheka intombazane ebuthakathaka ngomona, amaqebelengwane e-lucamadeus njalo futhi awazange engeze igremu elilodwa lesisindo. Kucatshangwa ukuthi abantu abanjalo abanenhlanhla bane-metabolism enhle, futhi labo ucezu lukashukela etiyeni lusongela ukuzuza isisindo - bane-metabolism embi.

Eqinisweni, imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ngempela i-metabolism ehamba kancane iyabonwa kuphela ezifweni eziningi, isb, i-hypothyroidism - ukuntuleka kwehomoni yegilo. Futhi abantu abaningi abakhuluphele abanazo izifo, kodwa kukhona ukungalingani kwamandla.

Lokho kwenzeka lapho umzimba uthola okungaphezu kwalokho okufanele ngempela, futhi amandla agcinwe.

Ukusetshenziswa kwekhalori

Ukugcina ukulawulwa kwekhalori, kufanelekile ukukhumbula izikhombisi-ndlela eziyinhloko zamandla engeziwe.

1. Ukuphakama kwesisindo somzimba, ama-calories engeziwe awadingayo. Kodwa, njengoba sazi, izicubu ze-adipose zinamandla amancane kakhulu, kodwa imisipha idla ngokwanele. Ngakho-ke, umakhi womzimba ongamakhilogremu angu-100 uzosebenzisa okungenani ama-kilojoule aphindwe kabili emsebenzini ofanayo nomngane wakhe ongamakhilogremu angu-100 onemisipha engakavuthwa kanye nephesenti eliphezulu lamafutha omzimba.
2. Umuntu uba mdala, ukuphakama kwawo kuwumehluko phakathi kokuthatha amandla kanye nezindleko zawo ngenxa yokungalingani kwamahomoni kanye nokwehla okukhulu komsebenzi womzimba.
3. Ku-metabolism womzimba wesilisa ibandakanyeka ngenkuthalo i-hormone testosterone. Kuyi-anabolic yemvelo eyenza umzimba usebenzise amandla nezinsiza zokukhulisa imisipha eyengeziwe. Yingakho imisipha emzimbeni wesilisa ngokuvamile iphakeme kakhulu kunabesifazane.

Futhi ngokuqondene nokugcinwa kwemisipha kudinga amandla amaningi kunokugcina amafutha, owesilisa nowesifazane abanobude obufanayo nesisindo bachitha inani elihlukile lamakholori esenzweni esifanayo.

Isiphetho esilula: amadoda achitha amandla amaningi, adinga ukudla okwengeziwe futhi alahlekelwa isisindo ngokushesha okukhulu.

Odinga ukukwazi mayelana ne-metabolism

Impilo yonke yento ephilayo ibhalansi phakathi kokuwohloka kwezakhamzimba nokuphuma kuzo amandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla ekudaleni ama-molecule amasha namaseli.

Uma ukuthathwa kwamandla kuphezulu kakhulu - afakwa endaweni egciniwe ngendlela yezicubu ze-adipose. Ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ungakwazi, ukuhambisa kakhulu noma ukhule inani elanele lesisindo somzimba.

Okuningi mayelana ne-metabolism ongayibuka kuvidiyo engezansi: