Iyini i-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)?

I-Polycystic ovary syndrome yi-a isifo se-hormonal esithinta owesifazane oyedwa kwabayishumi futhi iyimbangela yokuqala yokungatholi abantwana kwabesifazane. Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingenzeka? Kwenziwa kanjani ukuxilongwa? Iyini i-hyperandrogenism? Buyekeza ngodokotela wokuzala.

Incazelo: amaqanda e-polycystic, imbangela evamile yokungazali

Ama-ovari ayisitho esiyinhloko sokuzala. Ngaphansi komphumela wamahomoni, ama-follicle, aqukethe ama-oocyte, akhula ngobukhulu ngesikhathi sokuqala kokuya esikhathini. Kamuva, eyodwa kuphela eqhubeka nokukhula kwayo kuze kube sekugcineni futhi ikhiphe iqanda elingavundiswa. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ukungalingani kwe-hormonal kuthinta le nqubo eyinkimbinkimbi.

I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (I-PCOS) ukubonakaliswa okukodwa kwalokhu. Futhi ebizwa i-ovarian dystrophy, lokhu isifo se-hormonal sithinta i-10% yabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala. Kubonakala ngokwanda okungavamile kokukhiqizwa kwama-androgens (amahomoni wesilisa) kuma-ovari okuholela ekwandeni kwama-ovarian follicles okubangela ukungalingani kwe-hormonal. Lokhu kubizwa nge-hyperandrogenism.

Lokhu kubangela ukungahambi kahle komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-ovulation okwenza kube nzima ukukhulelwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-PCOS ingabangela nezinkinga zempilo ezimbi kakhulu ezifana nesifo sikashukela nesifo senhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, lesi sifo sihlala saziwa kancane ezigulini ezithatha iminyaka ukuthi zixilongwe.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

Kubonakala sengathi kukhona i-genetic predisposition ku-PCOS kodwa lokhu akukakafakazelwa ngokwesayensi. Into eyodwa eqinisekile: izici zemvelo, kuhlanganise nokukhuluphala, zithonya i-polycystic ovary syndrome.

Ngokuphathelene nezimpawu, zivame ukuvela phakathi nemijikelezo yokuqala yokuya esikhathini futhi ziyahlukahluka komunye wesifazane kuya komunye. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ubunzima bokukhulelwa ngenxa ye-ovulation disorder. Kuphinde kubangele a ukuphazamiseka komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, okungase kube okungajwayelekile, kudlule izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingama-35 kuya kwezingama-40, noma kuholele ngisho naku azikho izikhathi (i-amenorrhea).

Ezinye izimpawu ze-PCOS yilezi: 

• kwesisindo
• induna
• i-hyperpilosity, ngisho ne-hirsutism ku-70% yabesifazane (izinwele eziningi ebusweni, esifubeni, emhlane noma ezinqeni)
• ukulahlekelwa izinwele, okubizwa ngokuthi i-alopecia, etholakala phezulu kwekhanda nasezingeni lama-gulf angaphambili
• ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama esikhumbeni, ngokuvamile ngemuva kwentamo, izingalo noma i-groin
• ukucindezeleka
• ukukhathazeka
• apnea

Izinkinga ze-ovulation zinjalo okubangela ubunyumba cishe ku-50% wabesifazane abane-polycystic ovaries.

Indlela yokuxilonga lesi sifo futhi sazi ukuthi sikhathazekile?

Ngokuvamile, ukuxilonga i-PCOS, kuyadingeka ukwethula okungenani ezimbili zalezi zindlela ezintathu: ukungavamile kwe-ovulation, ukweqisa kwama-androgens noma inani eliphezulu lama-follicles abonakala ngesikhathi se-ultrasound. A i-abdominopelvic ultrasound kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi (umthamo kashukela wegazi, i-insulinemia, ibhalansi ye-lipid ye-cholesterol ne-triglyceride) ngokuvamile iyanqunywa. 

Ukwelashwa kobuhlungu: indlela yokwelapha i-polycystic ovary syndrome?

Uma uhlushwa yinoma yiziphi izimpawu ezihambisana ne-PCOS, kuyancomeka ukuthi uqale uthintane nodokotela ozokwazi ukwenza ukuhlola okudingekayo futhi akhiphe zonke ezinye izimbangela ezingenzeka.

I-PCOS ayikwazi ukuphulukiswa, kodwa kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza lawula izimpawu ngempumelelo. Kufanele futhi wazi ukuthi lesi sifo ngokuvamile siyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngoba indawo yokugcina amaqanda iyancipha. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukulahlekelwa isisindo kungasiza ukubuyisela umjikelezo we-ovulatory.

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi kwabesifazane abakhuluphele ngokweqile, ukwehla ngo-5% ku-body mass index (BMI) kungaba nomthelela omuhle ku-polycystic ovary syndrome. A iphilisi lokuvimbela inzalo kungasiza futhi ukulawula umjikelezo noma ukunciphisa izinkinga zezinduna noma ze-hyperpilosity. 

Ukukhulelwa: kungenzeka yini ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kokuba ne-PCOS?

Abazamayo ukhulelwe i-PCOS kufanele abonane nochwepheshe wezenzalo ozokwazi ukubheka ezinye izinkinga, njengokuvaleka kwamashubhu e-fallopian noma okungavamile ku-spermogram, ngaphambi kokuncoma noma yimuphi umuthi.

Le I-Clomifène Citrate (Clomid) kuvame ukubekwa njengendlela yokwelapha yomugqa wokuqala ukugqugquzela ukuphuma kweqanda. Sikhuluma ngokuvuselela ama-ovarian. Lokhu kwelashwa, okudinga ukuqapha okuqinile kwezokwelapha, kusebenza kahle ekuphazamisekeni kwe-ovulation kuma-80% wamacala. Okunye ukwelashwa okufana nokuvuselela i-ovarian nge-gonadotropin noma i-In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) nakho kungenzeka.