Iyini iphiramidi evamile: incazelo, izinhlobo, izakhiwo

Kulolu shicilelo, sizocubungula incazelo, izinhlobo (ezingunxantathu, ezine-quadrangular, ezine-hexagonal) kanye nezakhiwo eziyinhloko zephiramidi evamile. Ulwazi olwethulwe luhambisana nemidwebo ebonakalayo ukuze ubone kangcono.

Incazelo yephiramidi evamile

Iphiramidi evamile - lokhu, okuyisisekelo okuyi-polygon evamile, futhi phezulu kwesibalo kuhloswe phakathi nendawo yesisekelo sayo.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamaphiramidi avamile angama-triangular, quadrangular kanye ne-hexagonal. Ake sizicabangele kabanzi.

Izinhlobo zephiramidi evamile

Iphiramidi engunxantathu evamile

• Isisekelo – unxantathu wesokudla / olinganayo I-ABC.
• Ubuso obusemaceleni bungonxantathu be-isosceles abafanayo: I-ADC, BDC и I-ADB.
• projector ama-vertices D ngesisekelo - iphuzu O, okuyindawo yokuphambana yokuphakama/imidia/izingxenye ezimbili zikanxantathu ABC.
• DO ukuphakama kwephiramidi.
• DL и DM - ama-aphotheme, okungukuthi ukuphakama kobuso obusemaceleni (onxantathu be-isosceles). Zintathu sezizonke (ezodwa ebusweni ngabunye), kodwa isithombe esingenhla sikhombisa okubili ukuze singasigcwalisi kakhulu.
• ⦟DAM = ⦟ DBL = a (ama-engeli phakathi kwezimbambo eziseceleni nesisekelo).
• ⦟DLB = ⦟DMA = b (ama-engeli phakathi kobuso obuseceleni kanye nendiza eyisisekelo).
• Kuphiramidi enjalo, ukuhlobana okulandelayo kuyiqiniso:

  AO:OM = 2:1 or BO:OL = 2:1.

Qaphela: uma iphiramidi engunxantathu evamile inamachopho alinganayo, ibizwa nangokuthi kulungile .

Iphiramidi eyi-quadrangular evamile

• Isisekelo siyi-quadrilateral evamile A B C D, ngamanye amazwi, isikwele.
• Ubuso obuseceleni bulingana nonxantathu we-isosceles: Imibandela Yokuthenga Okujwayelekile, BEC, CED и AED.
• projector ama-vertices E ngesisekelo - iphuzu O, indawo yokuhlangana yama-diagonal wesikwele A B C D.
• EO – ukuphakama kwesibalo.
• EN и EM - ama-aphotheme (zi-4 sezizonke, zimbili kuphela ezikhonjiswa emfanekisweni njengesibonelo).
• Ama-engeli alinganayo phakathi kwemiphetho esemaceleni/ubuso kanye nesisekelo kukhonjiswa ngezinhlamvu ezihambisanayo (a и b).

Iphiramidi ene-hexagonal evamile

• Isisekelo siyi-hexagon evamile ABCDEF.
• Ubuso obuseceleni bulingana nonxantathu we-isosceles: AGB, BGC, CGD, DGE, EGF и I-FGA.
• projector ama-vertices G ngesisekelo - iphuzu O, indawo yokuhlangana yama-diagonal/izingxenye ezimbili ze-hexagon I-ABCDEF.
• GO ukuphakama kwephiramidi.
• GN - i-aphothem (kufanele ibe yisithupha isiyonke).

Izakhiwo zephiramidi evamile

1. Yonke imiphetho eseceleni yesibalo iyalingana. Ngamanye amazwi, isiqongo sephiramidi sisebangeni elifanayo ukusuka kuwo wonke amagumbi esisekelo sawo.
2. I-engeli phakathi kwazo zonke izimbambo eziseceleni nesisekelo siyefana.
3. Bonke ubuso buthambekele esisekelweni nge-engeli efanayo.
4. Izindawo zabo bonke ubuso bezinhlangothi ziyalingana.
5. Wonke ama-aphothem ayalingana.
6. Emhlabeni wephiramidi kungachazwa, isikhungo esizoba yindawo yokuhlangana ye-perpendiculars edonswe emaphethelweni aphakathi emaphethelweni aseceleni.
7. I-sphere ingabhalwa ephiramidi, isikhungo esizoba indawo yokuhlangana yama-bisectors, avela emagumbini phakathi kwamaphethelo aseceleni kanye nesisekelo somfanekiso.

Qaphela: Amafomula okuthola, kanye namaphiramidi, ethulwa ezincwadini ezihlukene.