Iyini i-cylinder: incazelo, izakhi, izinhlobo, izinketho zesigaba

Kulolu shicilelo, sizocubungula incazelo, izakhi eziyinhloko, izinhlobo kanye nezinketho ezingaba khona zezingxenye ezihlukene zomumo wejiyomethri wezinhlangothi ezintathu ezivame kakhulu - isilinda. Ulwazi olwethulwe luhambisana nemidwebo ebonakalayo ukuze ubone kangcono.

Isilinda Incazelo

Okulandelayo, sizokwenaba isilinda esiyindilinga esiqondile njengohlobo oludume kakhulu lwesibalo. Ezinye izinhlobo zizofakwa ohlwini esigabeni sokugcina salolu shicilelo.

Isilinda esiyindilinga esiqondile – Lesi sibalo sejometri esikhaleni, esitholakala ngokuzungezisa unxande ohlangothini lwaso noma i-axis of symmetry. Ngakho-ke, i-cylinder enjalo ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi isilinda sokujikeleza.

Isilinda esithombeni esingenhla sitholakala ngenxa yokujikeleza kukanxantathu ongakwesokudla A B C D ekseni O₁O₂ 180° noma onxande ABO₂O₁/O₁O₂CD nxazonke O₁O₂ ngo 360 °.

Izakhi eziyinhloko ze-cylinder

• Izisekelo zesilinda – imibuthano emibili enosayizi ofanayo/indawo enezikhungo emaphoyinti O₁ и O₂.
• R iyi-radius yezisekelo ze-cylinder, amasegimenti AD и BC – ububanzi (d).
• O₁O₂ - i-axis ye-symmetry ye-cylinder, ngesikhathi esifanayo iyona ubude (h).
• l (A B C D) - amajeneretha we-cylinder futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo izinhlangothi zonxande A B C D. Ilingana nobude besibalo.

I-cylinder reamer - i-lateral (cylindrical) ebusweni bomfanekiso, osetshenziswe endizeni; ingunxande.

• ubude balo nxande bulingana nomjikelezo wesisekelo sesilinda (2pR);
• ububanzi bulingana nobude/ijeneretha yesilinda.

Qaphela: amafomula okuthola kanye nesilinda ethulwa ezincwadini ezihlukene.

Izinhlobo zezigaba zamasilinda

1. Ingxenye ye-axial yesilinda – unxande owenziwe ngenxa yokuphambana kwesibalo esinendiza edlula eksisi yayo. Esimweni sethu, lokhu kunjalo A B C D (bheka isithombe sokuqala sale ncwadi). Indawo yesigaba esinjalo ilingana nomkhiqizo wokuphakama kwesilinda kanye nobubanzi besisekelo sawo.
2. Uma indiza yokusika ingadluli ku-axis ye-cylinder, kodwa i-perpendicular ezisekelweni zayo, khona-ke isigaba siphinde sibe unxande.
3. Uma indiza yokusika ihambisana nezisekelo zesibalo, khona-ke isigaba siyindilinga esifana nezisekelo.
4. Uma isilinda siphambana nendiza engahambisani nezisekelo zayo futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ayithinti noma iyiphi yazo, khona-ke isigaba siyi-ellipse.
5. Uma indiza yokusika inqamula esinye sezisekelo zesilinda, isigaba sizoba yi-parabola/hyperbola.

Izinhlobo zamasilinda

1. isilinda esiqondile - inezisekelo ezifanayo zokulinganisa (umbuthano noma i-ellipse), ezihambisanayo. Ingxenye ephakathi kwamaphoyinti e-symmetry yezisekelo i-perpendicular kubo, i-axis ye-symmetry nokuphakama kwesibalo.
2. isilinda ethambekele – inezisekelo ezilinganayo nezihambisanayo. Kodwa ingxenye ephakathi kwamaphoyinti e-symmetry ayiyona i-perpendicular kulezi zisekelo.
3. Oblique (beveled) isilinda – izisekelo zesibalo azihambelani.
4. isilinda esiyindilinga – isisekelo siyindilinga. Kukhona futhi amasilinda angama-elliptical, parabolic kanye ne-hyperbolic.
5. isilinda equilateral Isilinda esiyindilinga esingakwesokudla ubukhulu baso obuyisisekelo bulingana nobude baso.