Okuqukethwe
- Sihlaziya imibuzo ebaluleke kakhulu yabahlali basehlobo
- Indlela yokubhekana ne-blight sekwephuzile kumatamatisi namazambane?
- Kungani izaqathi zaphuka engadini?
- Indlela yokucubungula imifino ukuze kungabikho izimbobo emaqabunga?
- Sitshale u-anyanisi ngesethi, ingabe yisikhathi sokuwumba?
- Ama-strawberries asengadini athela izithelo. Ungalungisa kanjani amahlathi ebusika obuzayo?
- Kungani ama-apula esihlahleni se-apula embozwe amabala amnyama?
- Kungani kulo nyaka izihlahla eziningi zokusajingijolo zikhiqiza ukukhula okuningi, kodwa hhayi amajikijolo?
Sihlaziya imibuzo ebaluleke kakhulu yabahlali basehlobo
Isakhamuzi sasehlobo esidume kakhulu sezwe, u-Andrei Tumanov, uphendula imibuzo yabafundi bethu.
August 26 2017
Indlela yokubhekana ne-blight sekwephuzile kumatamatisi namazambane?
- Ngokungafani nabantu, izitshalo azinakwelashwa. Kusele ukucabangela amaphutha, ukudweba iziphetho futhi uthuthukise - ngonyaka ozayo ngoJuni ukufafaza utamatisi namazambane kusuka kulesi sifo. Susa iziqongo nezinye izinsalela zezitshalo kude. Futhi ngonyaka ozayo, tshala esinye isitshalo kule nsimu esingeyona i-phytophthora.
Kungani izaqathi zaphuka engadini?
- Azikho izimpendulo ezilula zemibuzo enzima. Izaqathe eziqhekekile zingaba nezizathu eziningana - ukuchelela okunganele, inhlabathi esindayo. Noma mhlawumbe lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo yokuqala okwakudingeka igujwe emuva ngoJulayi, kodwa yagcinwa emibhedeni kuze kube ngu-Agasti, futhi izaqathe zase zivuthiwe. Udinga ukufunda ukuzwa isitshalo, yini esintulayo - umanyolo wepotashi, ilanga noma isikhala, lapho sikhula sikukhulu kakhulu kuwe.
Indlela yokucubungula imifino ukuze kungabikho izimbobo emaqabunga?
- Imifino ayinakucutshungulwa futhi iniselwe ngobuthi: uzoyidla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Hlala ubheka imiyalo esephakeji - umuthi ulungele izitshalo zini, ezingekho kuzo. Kungenzeka, imifino yakho idliwe yiminenke noma ama-slugs. Kungcono ukuwaqoqa ngesandla noma ukubeka imbiza yamanzi phezu kombhede wensimu, maduzane ama-parasites azongena kuwo, futhi kuyoba lula kuwe ukuwaqeda.
Sitshale u-anyanisi ngesethi, ingabe yisikhathi sokuwumba?
- Uma u-anyanisi ophilile efakiwe, linda kancane kancane aze aphuzi kancane bese uyakwazi ukuvuna. Ungesabi ukuveza ngokweqile - umnsalo awusabi. Kuyafana neparsley, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema, izaqathe - ngokujwayelekile, ingagcinwa emhlabathini bonke ubusika, njengasesitokisini, udinga nje ukusika iziqongo ezifile bese uzimboza ngokufakwa phezulu. Ebusika, kwenzeka ukuthi ngimba iqhwa bese ngiletha i-parsley entsha etafuleni.
Ama-strawberries asengadini athela izithelo. Ungalungisa kanjani amahlathi ebusika obuzayo?
Akufanele nanini unqamule noma yini engadini, udinga ukusebenza ngokucophelela - noma ukusika nge-pruner, noma ukukha ngezibambo, noma ukugqashula. Uma kungenjalo, ukutshala kuzobe sekukhule kabi. Asikho isidingo sokudonsa amadevu kwisitrobheli sensimu, noma isiswebhu kwikhukhamba, noma uphizi. Ama-nonwovens abhekwa njengezinto zokumboza ezihamba phambili, kepha awashibhile. Uma uyimboza ngotshani, amagundane angase afike. Futhi i-sawdust ingabola, lokhu kwehlisa inani le-nitrogen, inhlabathi yethu esivele ihlwempu. Izitshalo ezingenayo i-nitrogen ziphaphathekile futhi zinamaqabunga amancane.
Kungani ama-apula esihlahleni se-apula embozwe amabala amnyama?
– Utwayi lolu yisifo sokukhunta. Uqweqwe luvamise ukuphatha izinhlobo ezindala zezihlahla zama-apula. Isimanje, esanda kuzaliswa ngabafuyi, imelana nezifo, kodwa kungcono ukuthenga izihlahla zama-apula ezikhungweni zokunakekela izingane ukuze ugweme ukukhohlisa. Kukhona, yiqiniso, izinhlobo ezindala, ezifanelekile - i-Antonovka, Shtrifel, Melba. Kodwa minyaka yonke kuvela ezintsha. Abantu bashintsha izinhlobo zezimoto ezindala zesimanje - ngakho kancane kancane ingadi idinga ukuvuselelwa. Noma uyifafaze ngama-fungicides we-prophylaxis.
Akufanele neze udle ama-apula anjalo. Kuwo, empeleni, amakhowe ayakhula, abhoboze isithelo nge-mycelium. Futhi amakhowe angakwazi ukukhulula ubuthi. Ososayensi abakacabangi ukuthi ubuthi bezitshalo bungayithinta kanjani impilo, ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka kwenzeka, beluleka ukuthi banganqamuli izithelo ezibolile noma ezinamabala, kodwa bazilahle kude.
Kungani kulo nyaka izihlahla eziningi zokusajingijolo zikhiqiza ukukhula okuningi, kodwa hhayi amajikijolo?
- Ukukhula okuningi kuma-raspberries akuhlali kuhle. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka emahlumela onyaka wesibili wokutshala. Ezweni lakithi, amaphesenti angu-90 ezakhamuzi zasehlobo azinakekeli ama-raspberries nganoma iyiphi indlela - afaka isihlahla emhlabathini, futhi awayeke akhule. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bafuna ukuthola amajikijolo ngamabhakede. Kepha kulokhu, udinga ukunakekela isihlahla sama-raspberry - unqume ukukhula kwasendle, ushiye amahlumela aqine kakhulu angama-5-7, fafaza kusuka empukaneni okusajingijolo, ukondle, cindezela amahlumela asemaceleni ezingeni lamamitha ayi-1,5. ngaphezu komhlabathi. Amahlumela amaningi kufanele anqunywe noma ahlukaniswe. Kepha kungcono ukuthi ungawenzi umsebenzi ngaphakathi kwehlathi - ungaphazamisi isitshalo ukuthi siqhakaze futhi sithele izithelo.