Kuhlanza igazi

I-Hematemesis iwuphawu olungaqondile olubonakala ngokukhululwa okungazelelwe, okungalawuleki kokubomvu okukhanyayo (i-hematemesis) noma okunsundu (izizathu zekhofi) emlonyeni. Ukugxila kokopha kungavuleka kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba ngemva kokulimala komshini, ukulimala kolwelwesi lwamafinyila, izifo ezithathelwanayo, ezivuvukalayo noma ze-oncological. Umhlukunyezwa kufanele anikezwe usizo lokuqala futhi athunyelwe esikhungweni sezokwelapha ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kwalokho umphumela ungase ubulale. Yini okudingeka ukwazi nge-hematemesis futhi ingabe ingavinjelwa?

Indlela kanye nemvelo yokuhlanza

Ukuphalaza ukuqhuma kwe-reflex yokuqukethwe kwesisu (i-duodenum kaningi) ngomlomo. Ngezinye izikhathi inani lokuhlanza likhulu kangangokuthi liphuma nge-nasopharynx. Indlela yokuhlanza ibangelwa ukufinyela kwemisipha yesisu kanye nokuvalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwengxenye yesisu. Okokuqala, umzimba wesitho ukhululeka, bese umnyango wesisu uvula. Wonke umgudu wamathumbu usabela ezinguqukweni zomsebenzi futhi ulungiselela ukuphuma komhlanzo. Ngokushesha nje lapho isikhungo sokuhlanza esiku-medulla oblongata sithola isignali edingekayo, umphimbo nomgodi womlomo uyakhula, kulandele ukuqhuma kokudla/uketshezi lomzimba.

Umkhakha wezokwelapha obhekene nocwaningo lokuhlanza nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo ubizwa ngokuthi i-emetology.

Indlela yokubona ukuhlanza? Amahora ambalwa noma imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokuqhuma kokuhlanza, umuntu uzwa isicanucanu, ukuphefumula ngokushesha, ukunyakaza kokugwinya okungenasidingo, ukwanda kokuphuma kwezinyembezi namathe. Ukuhlanza akubandakanyi kuphela izinsalela zokudla ezingenaso isikhathi sokumuncwa umzimba ngokugcwele, kodwa futhi nejusi yesisu, i-mucus, i-bile, kancane kancane - ubomvu negazi.

Izimbangela ezingenzeka zentuthuko

Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuhlanza ukudla/utshwala/izidakamizwa/ushevu wezidakamizwa. Indlela yokuqhuma kokuqukethwe kwesisu nayo ingasebenza nenani lezifo, ukucasuka komgodi wesisu, izifo ezivuthayo zepheshana lesisu. Kwesinye isikhathi umzimba ukhipha izinto eziyingozi ngokwawo noma uyeke ukusebenza ngendlela evamile ngaphansi kwethonya lokucindezeleka okukhulu okungokwengqondo / ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso sezinzwa.

Uma igazi litholakala emhlanzweni, kusho ukuthi sekuvele ukopha kwesinye sezitho zomzimba. Ngisho noma ubona ihlule elilodwa legazi elincane, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha. Inani legazi elihlanziwe lingase lingahambelani nesimo sangempela sezindaba. Okuwukuphela kwento okumele ugxile kuyo wumthunzi kanye nesakhiwo soketshezi lwebhayoloji. Igazi elibomvu elikhanyayo libonisa ukopha okuningi “okusha,” kodwa amahlule egazi ansomi ngokumnyama abonisa inani elincane kodwa elithatha isikhathi eside lokulahleka kwegazi. Lapho lithintana nejusi yesisu, igazi liyajiya futhi libe mnyama ngombala.

Ukuhlanza igazi kuwusongo olukhulu empilweni yomuntu. Ngokushesha nje lapho ubona lezi zimpawu, funa usizo oluphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izifo ezibangela ukuhlanza ngegazi?

Ukuhlanza igazi kungase kubonise:

• ukulimala komshini kulwelwesi lwamafinyila lomphimbo, isisu, umphimbo, esinye isitho sangaphakathi noma umgodi;
• imithambo ye-varicose ye-esophagus;
• isilonda, i-cirrhosis, i-gastritis eyingozi;
• izifo ze-oncological, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zinjani;
• ubuthi botshwala;
• ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithinta kabi ulwelwesi lwamafinyila ezithweni zangaphakathi;
• izifo ezithathelwanayo;
• izifo ze-hemorrhagic;
• i-pathology yezitho ze-ENT;
• ukukhulelwa (ukuhlanza igazi kuyingozi kubo bobabili umama nengane).

Ungalunikeza kanjani usizo lokuqala?

Qinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlanza kunegazi hhayi ukudla okunemibala. Imvamisa isiguli singakwazi ukwenza iphutha ushokoledi odliwe ngayizolo ngenxa yamahlule egazi ansundu futhi enze ukuxilonga okuningi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Esinye isizathu esingamanga sokukhathazeka ukungenisa igazi elisuka emakhaleni noma emlonyeni lingene emhlanzweni. Mhlawumbe isitsha saqhuma emakhaleni, noma kamuva nje ukhiphe izinyo, endaweni lapho isilonda esinegazi sahlala khona.

Ungakwazi ukumisa ukopha ekhaleni/emlonyeni uwedwa. Uma ungazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze noma umthamo wegazi elikhishiwe ubukeka wethusa, thintana nodokotela.

Into esemqoka ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha nangobuhlakani. Shayela i-ambulensi, qinisekisa isiguli futhi usilalise endaweni eyisicaba. Phakamisa imilenze yakho kancane noma uphendulele umuntu ohlangothini lwakhe. Gxila esimweni sakhe kanye nenduduzo, uma kungenzeka - uye esibhedlela ngokwakho. Gada ukushaya kwenhliziyo/ingcindezi yakho ngezikhathi ezithile bese ubhala imiphumela ukuze ukwazi ukuyithumela kudokotela wakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nikeza ohlukunyeziwe ukufinyelela okungavinjelwe emanzini okuphuza. Msize aphuze kancane ukuze ahlale emanzi.

Ungalokothi ushiye isisulu singagadiwe. Uma ukuhlaselwa kokuhlanza kukubambe wedwa, cela izihlobo noma omakhelwane ukuba babe seduze kuze kufike i-ambulensi. Ukuhlanza kungaphinde kuqale noma nini, okugcwele ukuba buthakathaka ngokuphelele, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, lapho isiguli singamane siminyanise. Uma uzibonele ukuhlaselwa, ungazami ukunikeza isisulu imithi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela. Ungamphoqeleli umuntu ukuthi adle, noma wenze omunye umuntu ahlanzwe ukuze ahlanze umzimba ngokuphelele. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuyisa isisulu esibhedlela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Unganciki entubeni noma ekuzibuyiseleni. Ukufinyelela kudokotela ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungadla impilo yakho, ngakho-ke ungafaki impilo yakho engozini futhi ulandele ngokuqinile imiyalelo yochwepheshe.

Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela

Ukuhlanza igazi kuwuphawu, akusona isifo esiphelele. Udokotela kumele anqume imbangela yalesi sibonakaliso, bese eqhubeka nokusinciphisa. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuxilongwa, isimo somuntu ohlukunyezwayo kufanele sijwayelekile. Odokotela banxephezela ukulahlekelwa uketshezi, balungise umfutho wegazi futhi benze izinto ezidingekayo.

Ukubonakala kwegazi kokuqukethwe kwesisu kubonisa izifo ezinzima zesimiso sokugaya noma ezinye izitho, ngakho-ke ukuzelapha noma ukubambezeleka ekufuneni usizo lwezokwelapha kungaba yingozi empilweni. Iziguli ezinezimo zekhofi ezihlanzayo zidinga ukuphumula kanye nokulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha ukuze zinqume izimbangela zesibonakaliso bese ukhetha uhlobo lokwelapha. Esigabeni se-preclinical, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa amakhaza esiswini. Ukwelashwa okunamandla kuhloswe ukumisa ukopha kanye nokulinganisa imingcele ye-hemodynamic.

Imithombo ye