Ososayensi bathi amandla emisinga yolwandle. Iqembu labacwaningi nonjiniyela abazibiza ngama “smart in wetsuits and fins” sethule umkhankaso wokuqongelela imali yohlelo olubizwa ngeCrowd Energy. Umqondo wabo uwukufaka izinjini ezinkulu ezisebenza ngaphansi kwamanzi ukuze zikhiqize amandla emanzini ajulile olwandle, njenge-Gulf Stream ngasogwini lwaseFlorida.
Nakuba ukufakwa kwalawa ma-turbines kungeke kuthathele indawo ngokuphelele amafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, leli qembu lithi kuzoba yisinyathelo esibalulekile ekutholeni umthombo omusha wamandla ahlanzekile.
U-Todd Janka, umsunguli weCrowd Energy kanye nomsunguli wezinjini zomoya olwandle, uthi
Kunjalo, ithemba lokusebenzisa izinjini zangaphansi kwamanzi liphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngemithelela engaba khona kwezemvelo. Nakuba lonke uhlelo luthatha usongo oluncane ezilwaneni zasolwandle, kufanele kwenziwe yonke imizamo ukuze kuphenywe izingozi ezingaba khona.
Ngenhlanzeko yendawo ezungezile
Iphrojekthi yeCrowd Energy yazalwa ngenxa yesifiso sokuthola umthombo wamandla ophephile ngokungafani nezibaseli ezimbiwa phansi nezimboni zamandla enuzi. Iningi labantu lizwile ngokusetshenziswa kwelanga nomoya, kodwa namuhla le phrojekthi ivula ikhasi elisha emhlabeni jikelele. U-Janka uthi naphezu kwesithembiso samandla elanga nomoya, umthombo wawo awunamandla futhi awuzinzile.
U-Janka ngaphambilini wayeke wabhekana nezinto ezingaphansi kwamanzi eziqondisiwe futhi waqaphela ukuthi ukugcina idivayisi endaweni eyodwa eduze naphansi kwakunzima kakhulu ngenxa yamaza anamandla. Ngakho-ke umqondo wazalelwa ukusebenzisa la mandla, ukukhiqiza okwamanje futhi uwudlulisele ogwini.
Ezinye izinkampani, ezifana noGeneral Electric, zenze imizamo yokufaka imishini yomoya olwandle, kodwa le phrojekthi ayizange iveze imiphumela efiselekayo. I-Crowd Energy yanquma ukuqhubekela phambili. U-Janka nozakwabo benze isistimu ye-ocean turbine ejikeleza kancane kakhulu kune-wind turbine, kodwa ene-torque eyengeziwe. Le turbine iqukethe amasethi amathathu wezindwani afana nezivalo zamafasitela. Amandla amanzi aguqula izindwani, enze i-shaft yokushayela ihambe, futhi i-generator iguqula amandla e-kinetic abe amandla kagesi. Amaturbine anjalo ayakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemiphakathi yasogwini, futhi mhlawumbe nezindawo ezimaphakathi nezwe.
U-Janka uyaphawula.
Бamandla angenamkhawulo?
Abacwaningi bahlela ukwakha i-turbine enkulu enamaphiko angamamitha angu-30, futhi esikhathini esizayo ukwenza izakhiwo ezinkulu nakakhulu. I-Junk ilinganisela ukuthi i-turbine eyodwa enjalo ingakhiqiza ama-megawatts angu-13,5 kagesi, owanele ukunika amandla amakhaya angu-13500 aseMelika. Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-turbine yomoya enama-blade angamamitha angu-47 ikhiqiza ama-kilowatts angu-600, kodwa iqhuba isilinganiso samahora angu-10 ngosuku futhi inika amandla amakhaya angu-240 kuphela. .
Kodwa-ke, u-Dzhanka ubonisa ukuthi zonke izibalo zenzelwe , kodwa okwamanje ayikho idatha yokubala ukuthi i-turbine izoziphatha kanjani empeleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuklama isampula yokuhlola futhi wenze izivivinyo.
Ukusebenzisa amandla olwandle kuwumbono othembisayo, kodwa ngeke kuthathele indawo amafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi ngokuphelele. Kusho u-Andrea Copping, umcwaningi wamandla e-hydrokinetic eMnyangweni Wezamandla wase-US Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, eWashington. Engxoxweni yakhe ne-Live Science, waphawula ukuthi ukube ithinta iNingizimu Florida kuphela, kodwa ukuqanjwa okunjalo bekungeke kuxazulule izidingo zezwe lonke.
Ungalimazi
Imisinga yasolwandle ithonya isimo sezulu somhlaba wonke, ngakho-ke inani lezibalo lizwakalise ukukhathazeka ngokungenelela kwamaturbine kule nqubo. U-Janka ucabanga ukuthi lokhu ngeke kube yinkinga. Enye i-turbine eGulf Stream ifana “namatshana ajikijelwa eMississippi.”
I-Copper inovalo lokuthi ukufakwa kwe-turbine kungase kuthinte i-ecosystem yasolwandle eseduze. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lezi zakhiwo zizofakwa ekujuleni kwamamitha angu-90 noma ngaphezulu, lapho kungekho khona izilwane eziningi zasolwandle, kodwa kufanelekile ukukhathazeka mayelana nezimfudu nemikhomo.
Eqinisweni, izimiso zezinzwa kulezi zilwane zithuthukiswe kahle ukuze zithole futhi zigweme ama-turbines. Ama-blades ngokwawo ahamba kancane futhi kunebanga elanele phakathi kwawo ukuze izilwane zasolwandle zibhukude. Kodwa lokhu kuzokwaziwa ngempela ngemuva kokufakwa kohlelo olwandle.
U-Janka nozakwabo bahlela ukuhlola izinjini zabo zomoya e-Florida Atlantic University e-Boca Raton. Ngemuva kwalokho bangathanda ukwakha imodeli ngasogwini lwaseNingizimu Florida.
Amandla olwandle asaqala e-US, kodwa i-Ocean Renewable Power isivele iyifakile i-turbine yokuqala engaphansi kolwandle ngo-2012 futhi ihlela ukufaka ezinye ezimbili.
IScotland nayo isendleleni yokuqhubekela phambili kule ndawo yamandla. Izwe elisenyakatho ye-British Isles lisungule ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla amagagasi namandla olwandle, futhi manje licabangela ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zinhlelo ngezinga lezimboni. Isibonelo, i-Scottish Power ihlole i-turbine engaphansi kwamanzi engamamitha angu-2012 emanzini ase-Orkney Islands ngo-30, ngokusho kwe-CNN. I-turbine enkulu ikhiqize i-megawatt engu-1 kagesi, owanele ukunika amandla amakhaya angama-500 aseScotland. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo, inkampani ihlela ukwakha ipaki yezinjini zomoya ngasogwini lwaseScotland.