Karen Davis, PhD
Izinkukhu ezifuyelwa inyama zihlala ezakhiweni eziminyene, ezimnyama ezilingana nenkundla yebhola, ngalinye lihlala izinkukhu ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-30.
Izinkukhu ziphoqeleka ukuba zikhule ngokushesha izikhathi eziningana kunalokho okufunwa ukukhula kwazo okungokwemvelo, ngokushesha kangangokuthi izinhliziyo namaphaphu azo azikwazi ukusekela izidingo zesisindo somzimba wazo, okubangela ukuba ziphathwe isifo senhliziyo.
Izinkukhu zikhulela endaweni enobuthi eyakhiwe umusi we-ammonia onukayo kanye nemikhiqizo engcolile egcwele amagciwane, isikhunta kanye namagciwane. Izinkukhu ziyizidalwa eziguquliwe zofuzo ezinemilenze ezacile engakwazi ukuthwala isisindo somzimba wazo, okuholela ekubeni nezinqulu ezikhubazekile futhi zingakwazi ukuhamba. Izinkukhu zivame ukufika ukuze zihlatshwe zinezifo zokuphefumula, izifo zesikhumba, namalunga akhubazekile.
Amatshwele awakutholi ukunakekelwa komuntu ngamunye noma ukwelashwa kwezilwane. Ziphonswa emakhrethini emikhumbi ukuze zihambe lapho ziyohlatshwa lapho zinezinsuku ezingu-45 kuphela ubudala. Zikhishwa emakhrethini emikhumbi ezilaheni, zilengiswe zibheke phansi emabhandeni okuthutha, futhi ziphathwe ngamanzi abandayo, anosawoti, anogesi ukuze zikhubaze imisipha yazo ukuze zikhiphe kalula izimpaphe zazo ngemva kokubulawa. Izinkukhu azithuki ngaphambi kokuba zinqunywe umphimbo.
Bashiywe bephila ngamabomu ngesikhathi sokuhlatshwa ukuze izinhliziyo zabo ziqhubeke nokumpompa igazi. Izigidi zezinkukhu zishiswa ziphila ngamanzi abilayo emathangini amakhulu lapho zishaya khona amaphiko futhi zimemeze kuze kube yilapho zithola igalelo eliphula amathambo azo futhi lenze amabala aso aphume emakhanda azo.
Izinkukhu ezifuywa ukuze zizalele amaqanda zichanyuselwa emaqandeni ku-incubator. Emapulazini, ngokwesilinganiso, izinkukhu ezizalelayo ezingu-80-000 zigcinwa emakhejini aminyene. Amaphesenti angu-125 ezinkukhu zama-America ezibekela amaqanda ahlala emakhejini, anesilinganiso sezinkukhu ezingu-000 ngekheji ngalinye, indawo yomuntu siqu yenkukhu ngayinye icishe ibe ngama-intshi angama-square angama-99 kuya kwangu-8, kanti isikhukukazi sidinga ama-intshi skwele angama-48 ukuze nje sime ngokukhululeka kanye nama-intshi skwele angama-61. amasentimitha ukuze akwazi ukubhakuzisa amaphiko.
Izinkukhu zihlushwa i-osteoporosis ngenxa yokungawuvivinyi umzimba kanye nokuntuleka kwe-calcium ukuze zigcine amathambo (izinkukhu zasekhaya ngokuvamile zichitha amaphesenti angu-60 esikhathi sazo zifuna ukudla).
Izinyoni zihlala zihogela intuthu ye-ammonia enobuthi ekhishwa imigodi yobulongwe engaphansi kwamakheji azo. Izinkukhu zihlushwa izifo ezingapheli zokuphefumula, izilonda ezingalashwa kanye nezifo - ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwezilwane noma ukwelashwa.
Izinkukhu zivame ukuba nokulimala ekhanda namaphiko okubambeka phakathi kwemigoqo yehhoko, okubangela ukuthi zishone kancane, zife kabuhlungu. Abasindile bahlala ndawonye nezidumbu ezibolayo zalabo ababekade bevalelwe, futhi okuwukuphela kwento abayitholayo iwukuba bangakwazi ukuma kulezo zidumbu esikhundleni semigoqo yamakheji.
Ekupheleni kwezimpilo zabo, bagcina sebefakwe ezitsheni zikadoti noma baphenduke ukudla kwabantu noma kwemfuyo.
Abesilisa abachanyuselwa abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-250 bashaywa ngegesi noma baphonswe emhlabathini bephila ngabasebenzi abachanyuselwa ngenxa yokuthi abakwazi ukuzalela amaqanda futhi abanalo inani lezentengiselwano, okungcono kakhulu bagaywa ukuze baphakele izilwane ezifuywayo nezilwane zasemapulazini.
E-United States, kuhlatshwa izinkukhu ezingu-9 minyaka yonke ukuze kudliwe. 000 million izinkukhu ezizalelayo ziyaxhashazwa e-US unyaka ngamunye. Izinkukhu azifakwa ohlwini lwezilwane ezingaphansi kwezindlela zobuntu zokubulala.
Umuntu waseMelika ovamile udla izinkukhu ezingu-21 ngonyaka, isisindo esiqhathaniswa nethole noma ingulube. Ukusuka enyameni ebomvu uye kwenkukhu kusho ukuhlupheka nokubulala izinyoni eziningi esikhundleni sesilwane esisodwa esikhulu.