I-triiodothyronine yamahhala iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa indlala yegilo, indlala etholakala entanyeni. Izinga layo elingavamile liholela ekungasebenzi kahle ekulawuleni umzimba.

I-Triiodothyronine iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa indlala yegilo. Lesi sakamuva sitholakala ezingeni lentamo, sinikeza isici esithi "butterfly" noma "H" nama-lobes ayo amabili. Indlala yegilo idlala indima enkulu emizimbeni yethu. Ngempela yilokhu okuzokhiqiza amahomoni amabili, i-Triiodothyronine, ebizwa ngokuthi i-T3, ne-thyroxine (eyaziwa ngokuthi "T4"). Lawa mahomoni amabili azojikeleza ohlelweni lwegazi lomzimba, ukuze anikeze ulwazi ezithweni ezihlukahlukene (inhliziyo, amaphaphu, ubuchopho, njll.). Ngakho-ke banendima "yezithunywa", ngomqondo wokuthi kungabo lapho umzimba udlulisela ulwazi ukuze ulawule imisebenzi yawo ehlukahlukene. Singakubona futhi njengophethiloli wenjini enkulu engumzimba wethu: yiyona enquma ngendlela isivinini sokusebenza kwezitho zethu ezihlukahlukene, kanye nendlela umuntu ngamunye okumelwe asebenzise ngayo izinsiza zayo (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zingamaprotheni , lipids noma ushukela).

Ngokuqondene ne-“Triiodothyronine Yamahhala”, noma “FT3” (I-T3 Yamahhala), lokhu ukusetshenziswa kokulinganisa, ngoba kuwukuhluka kwakho okulinganiselwe egazini (futhi ngezinye izikhathi sikhuluma “nge-triiodothyronine isiyonke “). Ngenxa yokuthi i-T3 "eboshwe" ixhunywe ngokuqondile kumaprotheni, ayikwazi ukulinganiswa.

Kokubili i-T3 ne-T4 kukhiqizwa ngokusebenza kwe-thyroperoxidase (TPO) kanye namahomoni e-thyroid stimulating (TSH) ku-gland yegilo.

Imvamisa, amahomoni egilo asemazingeni awavumela ukuthi alawule umzimba.

• Izinga elijwayelekile le-T3: Emzimbeni, i-T3 inezinga elijwayelekile lika-0.6 kuya ku-2.2 umol / L.
• Amazinga avamile we-T3-FT3: Kuma-T3 amahhala, noma i-FT3, isilinganiso esivamile siphakathi kuka-2 kuya ku-6 ng/L, noma 3 kuya ku-9 pmol/L.
• Izinga elivamile le-T4 yamahhala: izinga elijwayelekile le-T4 yamahhala kubantu abadala liyi-9 kuya ku-17 ng / L, noma i-12 kuya ku-22 pmol / L.
• Izinga elijwayelekile le-TSH ezwela kakhulu: izinga elimaphakathi le-TSH ezwela kakhulu ngu-0.4 kuya ku-4 mIU / L.

Izilinganiso ze-FT3 ngokuvamile zenziwa uma kunezinsolo ze-hypothyroidism kanye ne-hyperthyroidism. Ngempela, iyithuluzi eliphumelelayo lokuhlonza ukungasebenzi kahle kwendlala yethu yegilo, evame ukungafinyeleleki ekukalweni. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa ngamasampula alula, bese kuba nokuhlaziywa kwaselabhorethri ngemiphumela ezinsukwini ezilandelayo. Udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukukuxilonga, ngokusekelwe ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu noma eliphansi kakhulu lamahomoni egazini.

I-Hypothyroidism

Leli izinga lehomoni eliphansi kakhulu. Kungabangelwa izifo ezihlukahlukene. Okokuqala, ukwehluleka kwe-thyroid gland, okuzokhipha izinga eliphansi kakhulu lamahomoni. Kwesinye isikhathi, wukungatholakali kahle kwamaminerali emzimbeni okubangela ukuthi umthamo wehomoni ube phansi.

Ngokuvamile, lapho izinga le-T3 noma i-T4 liphansi kakhulu, i-pituitary gland izoshukumisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-TSH (i-thyroid stimulating hormone) ukuze ikhiqize okwengeziwe.

Imiphumela

Kunzima ukuchaza ngokunembile imiphumela ye-hypothyroidism. Ngempela, ukudla okuphansi kwe-hormonal kuzoba nemiphumela ehluke kakhulu kuye ngokuthi abantu ngabanye nezitho ezingenakho.

Ezimweni zayo ezinzima kakhulu, i-hypothyroidism ingaholela ku-myxedema, ebonakala ngobuso obukhukhumele, ibala eliphuzi, nesikhumba esomile, esiwugqinsi. Khona-ke, uma kuyekwa kungabhekwanga, ukuphazamiseka kungaholela ku-myxedema coma.

Hyperthyroidism

Ngokungafani ne-hypothyroidism, i-hyperthyroidism ibhekisela ekukhiqizweni okuphezulu ngokungavamile kwamahomoni akhiqizwa indlala yegilo. Kunezimbangela ezahlukene:

• I-Graves' disease: isifo se-autoimmune lapho amasosha omzimba evuselela indlala yegilo;
• I-thyroiditis: ukuvuvukala kwe-thyroid;
• Amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid: amaqhuqhuva akha indlala yegilo.

Imiphumela

Imiphumela ye-hyperthyroidism izoba, njengokulutha kwayo kwe-hypothyroid, ihlukahluka ngokwemvelo. Sekukonke, uma kubhekwa indima "yemoto" yegilo, kukhona ukukhuliswa kwe-metabolism, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwezindleko zamandla kakhulu maqondana nezidingo zethu. Lokhu kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwe-osteoporosis, okuxhunyaniswa nokumuncwa kwe-calcium eningi ngamathambo omzimba, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okuphezulu ngokweqile (arrhythmia). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungaholela enkingeni ye-thyrotoxic, enengozi enkulu yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo futhi iphinde i-coma.