Ama-mosque aphezulu ayi-10 amahle kakhulu emhlabeni

Amasiko aseMpumalanga kwezokwakha aheha ongoti abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba ngezimo nemibala yabo. E-Islam, izithombe zosanta nanoma yiziphi ezinye izidalwa eziphilayo azamukelekile, ngakho-ke amaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi nezingcaphuno ezivela kuKoran zisetshenziswa emidwebeni yokudweba kanye nemidwebo. Nakuba kukhona okuhlukile. Isibonelo, amaShiite asebenzisa izithombe zika-Ali, isihlobo sika-Imam Mohammed wokuqala, ezithombeni zabo.

Yebo, futhi eminye imibhalo yesandla eye yehlela kithi kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo iqukethe izithombe zabaprofethi abangcwele abangamaSulumane nezilwane. Naphezu kwalokhu kuphikisana okuthile, ama-mosque mahle ngempela, angavamile, aphunga umlando kanye nezinganekwane ezivela ku-"1000 kanye ne-1 Nights". Izakhiwo eziningi zenkolo zifakwe engcebweni yezokwakha nezakhiwo zomhlaba, zivakashelwa izigidi zezivakashi minyaka yonke. Ama-mosque amahle kakhulu futhi aziwayo azoxoxwa ngawo ngezansi.

10 ISultanahmet Mosque

I-Turkey idume kakhulu ngezikhumbuzo zayo zezakhiwo, futhi kunjalo. sultanahmet mosque noma i-Blue Mosque. Igama selivele liqukethe umbala ovame kakhulu ekuhlobiseni ama-mosque, asetshenziswa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo.

I-mosque ithathwa njengento ekhanga kakhulu e-Istanbul futhi ingelinye elibaluleke kakhulu kumaSulumane emhlabeni jikelele. Isakhiwo sezakhiwo sitholakala kalula ngasogwini loLwandle LwaseMarmara, eduze nendawo ekhangayo engaziwa kangako - iHagia Sophia Museum. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1600, iTurkey yalwa ne-Iran ne-Austria, futhi ngenxa yomkhankaso, isivumelwano sokuthula esiyihlazo sabekwa phezu kwamaTurkey. Ukuze kushwelezwe u-Allah, uSultan Ahmed owayebusa ngaleso sikhathi ngakha iSultanahmet Mosque. Ngokwamagama wezakhiwo, izikole zaseByzantine kanye nezakudala zase-Ottoman zisetshenziswa lapha.

Iphuzu elithakazelisayo: i-sultan yayala abakhi ukuthi bakhe ama-minarets angu-4 - isisombululo sakudala salezo zikhathi. Ngengozi exakile, kwakhiwa amathangi ayi-6 futhi akekho noyedwa owajeziswa ngalokhu ngenxa yobuhle nobukhulu bawo. I-mosque yakhiwe ngamatshe ne-marble, futhi ngaphezu kwama-tiles amhlophe naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka abekwe lapha - yingakho igama lento.

9. I-Badshahi Mosque

I-mosque itholakala ePakistani Lahore futhi ithathwa njengesibili ngobukhulu futhi ngobukhulu ezweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumaSulumane emhlabeni jikelele, le mosque ingeyesihlanu ngobungcwele nokubaluleka, eyakhiwa ngo-1673 umbusi wokugcina wobukhosi bakaMughal, uMbusi u-Aurangzeba.

Amandla ale mosque yasebukhosini angaphezulu kwamakholwa angama-55. Iqoqo lezakhiwo liqukethe izindawo ezimbili - ukwakhiwa kwe-mosque ngokwayo kanye nendawo yangaphakathi emangalisayo, enemibukiso yasendulo. Lesi sakhiwo sakhiwe ngamatshe anombala obomvu, namapulangwe e-alabhaste amahle asetshenziswa ekuhlobiseni izindonga. Ubude bomnyango omkhulu ovalekile Ama-mosque aseBadshahi cishe ayifiki ku-17 metres.

Igceke elikhulu ngezinsuku ezijwayelekile lijabulisa iso ngetshe lesanti elakhiwe kahle kanye nemabula emhlophe echibini eliphakathi nendawo, futhi ngamaholide enkolo limbozwa ngokhaphethi bewuli ababizayo. Abakhi bezakhiwo basendulo bakhetha isisombululo se-minarets eyisishiyagalombili, ukuphakama kwesikhulu kunazo zonke kudlula amamitha angu-60. Cishe ama-rupees angama-600 asetshenziswa ekwakheni - imali enhle ngokwezindinganiso zanamuhla. Futhi ukugcinwa kwe-mosque kuthathe cishe yonke imali yentela kathishanhloko.

8. I-Kul-Sharif Mosque

I-Russia nayo inama-ensembles enkolo amakhulu, isibonelo, i-mosque i-Kul-Sharif, eyakhiwa ngo-2005 kuphela endaweni yaseKazan Kremlin enhloko-dolobha yaseTatarstan. Naphezu kweminyaka yayo encane, izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba, kuhlanganise neDubai, ziza zizobona ubuhle be-mosque. Ngemva kokunqotshwa kweKazan Khanate, iTsar yaseRussia u-Ivan the Terrible yayala ukubhujiswa kwe-mosque eyinhloko, futhi isonto lobu-Orthodox, iCathhedral of the Annunciation, labekwa eKazan Kremlin.

Kuze kube u-Empress Catherine II, u-Islam wayevinjelwe kulezi zingxenye, kodwa umbusi ohlakaniphile wasayina iSimemezelo sakhe esithi "Ukubekezelelana Kuzo Zonke Izinkolo", amaTatar athola ithuba lokwakha ama-mosque futhi athandaze kuwo. Ngokubonga, umphakathi wamaSulumane wendawo waqamba uCatherine II "ugogo-indlovukazi".

I-Kul-Sharif Mosque ihlanganisa ukunyakaza kwezenkolo okubili kwesifunda, ama-minarets angu-4, amamitha angu-60 ukuphakama, ngokushesha adonse amehlo akho. Idome le-mosque lenziwe ngendlela yendabuko “isigqoko saseKazan”, phansi simbozwe ngokhaphethi ababizayo base-Iranian, kanti ikhaphethi elingamathani angu-2 lenziwe ngokwezifiso eCzech Republic. Ngaphakathi kweqoqo kuneMnyuziyamu edume umhlaba wonke Yamasiko AmaSulumane.

7. Hussein Mosque

Enye yama-mosque amadala afikile ezikhathini zethu itholakala enhlokodolobha yaseGibhithe - iCairo futhi ibilokhu yaziwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX. Le nto ihlonishwa amaSulumane azinikele avela emhlabeni wonke, kodwa izivakashi nazo zinokuthile ezikuncomayo lapha. Imikhosi enikelwe osukwini olulandelayo lokuzalwa koMprofethi yenziwa minyaka yonke endaweni yesakhiwo sethempeli. Njengoba kunenqwaba yabahambi, indawo yangaphakathi Hussein mosque imbozwe ngomata abanentambo, futhi ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile izingane eziningi ziyadlala lapha, abefundisi abakwenqabeli nokulala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikwele esingaphakathi sibamba imidlalo yeshashalazi yonyaka etshela umbukeli ngempi yokugcina kaHussein.

Izindonga ze-complex zine-tint ebomvu; amaphethini aqoshiwe ematsheni nasezindaweni ezinhle asetshenziswe ngobuningi lapha. Izitolo zendabuko zaseMpumalanga ziseduze kwezindonga zethempeli, zinikeza izivakashi izinto eziyisikhumbuzo ezinemibala eshibhile.

6. I-Mosque yaseTurkmenbashi Rukhy

I-Turkmenistan iyizwe lamaSulumane, kodwa ngokugcizelelwa kwenkolo, ngisho nengulube ayivinjelwe lapha, kodwa inyama yehhashi ayikwazi ukuthengwa ngokusemthethweni. Manje kunama-mosque ama-5 kuphela ezweni, anabantu abayizigidi eziyi-1,3.

I-Mosque yaseTurkmenbashi Rukhy elakhiwa ngo-2004, liyithempeli elikhulu kunawo wonke elinedome elilodwa, futhi lakhiwa abadwebi bezakhiwo baseFrance ngesimemo somuntu siqu sikaMongameli wezwe ngaleso sikhathi uSaparmurat Niyazov. I-mausoleum nayo yakhiwe lapha, lapho inhloko yezwe yaphumula kakade ngo-2006.

I-complex yakhiwe ngemabula emhlophe, idome kanye neziqongo zama-minarets ziyigolide. Izindlela zezindiza zakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi lapho zifika, kusukela emafasiteleni endiza, umbono omkhulu we-mosque uvuleka phezulu. I-ensemble ibukeka njenge-octagon, kuneminyango eyisishiyagalombili, ngokulandelana. Ukuphakama kwesakhiwo se-mosque ngamamitha angu-55, amamitha angu-40 aphakama ngamamitha angu-4 ngaphezu kwawo. Esangweni elikhulu, izivakashi zibingelelwa yimpophoma enhle egelezayo kanye nomsele wegwadle. Iminyango yenziwe nge-walnut yaseMoroccan ebizayo, izinkanyezi eziqoshiwe ezinamaphoyinti ayisishiyagalombili zikhona yonke indawo.

5. IHassan II Mosque

Inkosi yaseMorocco u-Hassan II yanquma ukushiya inkumbulo amakhulu eminyaka futhi yayala ukuba kubekwe i-mosque ebabazekayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wayengafuni ukuchitha imali yomphakathi futhi waphoqa zonke izakhamuzi zezwe ukuba zingene ebhange elivamile le-piggy. Ngokweminye imibiko, abantu baseMoroccan baqoqa imali efinyelela ezigidini ezingu-500 ngokwemibandela yesimanje - inani elimangalisayo laleyo minyaka. Ngokubuyisela, kwakhishwa izitifiketi zobukhosi, abantu bendawo abaziqhenyayo abasakubonisa.

Isakhiwo sesakhiwo sethempeli sisogwini lwe-Atlantic Ocean, izindonga nezakhiwo ama-mosque ka-Hassan II eyenziwe ngemabula emhlophe. Abakhi bezakhiwo bakha amakholomu angu-2 endaweni, futhi izibani ezinhlanu ezinkulu zalethwa zisuka eVenice.

Indawo “esetshenziswayo” ye-mosque iyamangalisa - angaphezu kuka-100 amakholwa angahlaliswa lapha ngesikhathi esifanayo, kodwa akukaze kube nenani elinjalo lamakholwa. Iphansi ehholo lomkhuleko kwezinye izindawo linokufakwa okusobala: ngaphansi kwazo kusakazeka ulwandle olungenamkhawulo. I-complex ibhekwa njenge-mosque yesibili ngobukhulu, kodwa ngesizathu esithile ayidumile. Ama-minarets afinyelela ubude obungamamitha angu-000; lesi yisakhiwo esiyisikhumbuzo ngempela.

4. I-Shah Mosque

Isakhiwo sezakhiwo sitholakala kumakhilomitha angama-350 ukusuka enhloko-dolobha yase-Iran - Tehran, edolobheni lase-Isfahan. Ngo-1387, leli dolobha lalaziwa ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, kodwa labhekana nesiphetho sokunqotshwa yibutho le-Tamerlane enkulu. Lesi kwakuyinkathi "yokubulala okukhulu", kulandela imiphumela edabukisayo, lapho amasosha aseTimur akha khona igquma lama-skulls angama-70. Kodwa u-Isfahan wakwazi ukululama futhi wavuselela, waze waba inhloko-dolobha yase-Iran.

Ngo-1600, ukwakhiwa okukhulu kwaqala kulezi zindawo, idolobha laphakama ngokoqobo emlotheni futhi laba isikhungo esibalulekile sezentengiselwano nesifunda sezwe. Manje abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1,5 bahlala lapha, futhi isiko lokhaphethi basePheresiya abadumile emhlabeni wonke benziwe ngezandla ligcinwe lapha.

I-Shah Mosque ibonisa amasiko endawo ase-Iranian ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokukhonzela zasenkathini ephakathi. Indawo yesakhiwo sethempeli idlula i-20 m², ukuphakama kwesakhiwo se-mosque ngamamitha angu-000, ama-minarets - amamitha angu-52. Ngaphakathi ethempelini, izivakashi zingajabulela ubuhle obumangalisayo bepulpiti bokufunda iKoran, i-marble mihrab yomthandazo. I-echo ngaphakathi kwe-mosque iyingqayizivele: ibonakala izikhathi ezingu-42, kungakhathaliseki indawo lapho umsindo uvela khona.

3. I-Zahir Mosque

Enye yama-mosque abaluleke kakhulu futhi ahlonishwayo e-Malaysia, eyakhiwe ngo-1912. Isakhiwo sethempeli futhi singenye ye-10 yama-mosque amahle kakhulu futhi amahle kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi indawo lapho i-ensemble yakhiwe khona inokubaluleka kwenkolo kubantu baseMalaysia: lapho. kwakungamathuna amaqhawe afa ngo-1821 ngesikhathi ebhekene neSiam, eyahlasela lezi zindawo.

Isitayela sezakhiwo se-mosque asifani neze nazo zonke ezinye izindawo ezingcwele zomhlaba wamaSulumane. Amakholwa angaphezu kwama-5 angahlala kanyekanye ehholo lomkhuleko lethempeli, ngokushesha ngemuva kwesakhiwo salo kunesakhiwo senkantolo yaseSharia kanye nenkulisa. Amadome amahlanu e-mosque afanekisela izinsika ezinhlanu zokholo namasiko amaSulumane. Imiqhudelwano yokuphindaphinda i-Quran ibanjelwa lapha. IRiphabhulikhi yaseKazakhstan yaze yakhipha ijubili nezinhlamvu zemali zegolide ezinikezelwe I-Zahir Mosque.

2. I-Mosque yaseSidi Uqba

Lesi sakhiwo sethempeli sibhekwa njenge-mosque endala kunazo zonke e-Afrika, etholakala kumakhilomitha angu-60 ukusuka enhloko-dolobha yaseTunisia - idolobha elinegama elifanayo. I-Mosque yaseSidi Uqba Sekwaziwa kusukela ngo-670, ngokusho kwenganekwane, u-Allah ngokwakhe wabonisa indawo yokwakhiwa kwethempeli, futhi umlawuli wendawo wangaleso sikhathi, u-Okba ibn Nafa, wakwazi ukuhlanganisa i-mosque etsheni.

Indawo ye-complex imayelana ne-9 m², iyi-mosque yesine ebaluleke kakhulu. Lena indawo yenkolo nemithandazo ngempela, yonke egcwele umoya womlando, eMpumalanga nase-Afrika. Kunamakholomu angu-000 asendulo eduze komjikelezo wegceke, futhi wonke anesakhiwo esihlukile kanye nomhlobiso. Into ewukuthi abazange badalelwe ukwakhiwa okuqondile kwe-mosque, kodwa balethwa emadolobheni angenalutho oMbuso WaseRoma, owabhujiswa endaweni yaseTunisia.

Izinto zobuciko ezibalulekile zingamanxiwa asendulo alethwe eCarthage edumile. I-minaret ifinyelela ubude obungamamitha angu-30 futhi, ngokusho kwenganekwane, lena yi-mosque yokuqala lapho le nto yasetshenziswa khona. Ipulpiti lamapulangwe lokufunda iKoran lilondolozwe ngokuphelele, futhi selivele lineminyaka engu-1 ubudala.

1. Zayed Mosque

Le mosque ibizwa ngokuthi "i-White Wonder of the East" futhi yakhiwa ngo-2007 ngezindleko zama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-700. Ithempeli lakhiwe ngokuhlonipha umuntu wangempela, ngaphandle kwakhe izwe elinjengeSaudi Arabia lalingeke libe khona. USheikh Zayed ibn Sultan Al Nahyan uthathwa njengomuntu ohlonishwa kakhulu ezweni, ngesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe wahlanganisa izizwe zaseSaudi ezihlukene futhi wadala esinye sezifundazwe ezicebe kakhulu nezichume kakhulu.

Isitayela sezakhiwo se-mosque siyindlela engcono kakhulu yomlando wezakhiwo zamaSulumane kanye nobuchwepheshe besimanje. Amamaki amahle kakhulu wemabula alethwa evela eChina nase-Italy, okhaphethi badalwa yizingcweti ezidumile zase-Iranian ngesandla (abantu abangu-1 basebenza). IGreece neNdiya baba abahlinzeki bengilazi engcono kakhulu, amatshe e-Swarovski okuhlobisa enziwa e-Austria ngezandla ezingcono kakhulu zonjiniyela baseMelika. Ama-Chandeliers aklanywe ngokukhethekile futhi ahlanganiswa eJalimane, kanti isisindo sendawo emaphakathi singamathani angama-200. Zayed Mosque iyisakhiwo esikhulu sethempeli lamaSulumane, futhi iwubukhazikhazi kakhulu - yonke imininingwane lapha iyacatshangelwa futhi yenziwe ngezinto ezibiza kakhulu.