Izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis zifihliwe iminyaka eminingi. Nazi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zemithambo evalekile

Sikhuluma ngesifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi lapho imithambo yegazi ethwala umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba isuka enhliziyweni iye kuwo wonke umzimba iba minyene futhi iqine, ngezinye izikhathi ivimbela ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni nasezithweni. Izici eziyingozi zihlanganisa i-cholesterol ephezulu, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, ukubhema, ukukhuluphala, ukungawuvivinyi umzimba nokudla okunamafutha amaningi. I-atherosclerosis engalashwa ingaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma unhlangothi.

  1. Abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi imizimba yabo ikhula i-atherosclerosis. Lesi sifo asibonisi zimpawu kuze kube yilapho i-atherosclerotic plaque iqhuma
  2. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukunaka noma yiziphi izimpawu eziphazamisayo, ikakhulukazi uma sisengozini
  3. Abantu abanomthwalo wezakhi zofuzo, i-cholesterol ephezulu nesifo sikashukela kungenzeka ukuthi bahlaselwe yi-atherosclerosis
  4. Ungathola ezinye izindaba ezinjalo ekhasini lasekhaya le-TvoiLokony

Iyini i-atherosclerosis?

I-atherosulinosis iwukuncipha kwemithambo ngenxa yokwakheka kwama-plaque ezindongeni zemithambo. I-Atherosclerotic plaque yakhiwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-cholesterol, amafutha, i-calcium nezingxenye zegazi. Imithambo yimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi elinothe komoyampilo lisuka enhliziyweni liyise kuwo wonke umzimba. Lapho ziba mncane futhi ziqina ngenxa yokwakheka kwama-plaque, ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni ezihlukahlukene nezicubu kungavinjelwa, okungase kuholele ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila ezifana nokushaywa unhlangothi nesifo senhliziyo.

I-Atherossteosis ingathinta noma yimuphi umthambo emzimbeni. Lapho imithambo eholela enhliziyweni ihlaselwa isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-coronary artery disease.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis?

Ngokuvamile, i-atherosclerosis ithinta abantu asebekhulile, kodwa ingase iqale ukukhula ebusheni. Nge-atherossteosis, izimpawu ngokuvamile aziveli kuze kube yilapho uqweqwe loqweqwe luqhekeka noma kuphazamiseka ukugeleza kwegazi, futhi lokhu kungathatha iminyaka eminingi.

Izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis zincike emithanjeni ethintekile.

Izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis - imithambo ye-carotid

Imithambo ye-carotid iyimithambo yegazi eyinhloko entanyeni ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni, entanyeni nasebusweni. Kunemithambo emibili ye-carotid, omunye kwesokudla omunye ngakwesobunxele. Entanyeni, umthambo we-carotid ngamunye ube izingxenye ezimbili:

  1. umthambo we-carotid wangaphakathi unikeza igazi ebuchosheni.
  2. umthambo wangaphandle we-carotid unikeza igazi ebusweni nasentanyeni.

Ukunikezwa kwegazi okulinganiselwe kungaholela ekushayweni kohlangothi.

Izimpawu ze-stroke zingavela ngokuzumayo futhi zihlanganisa:

  1. ubuthakathaka;
  2. ubunzima bokuphefumula;
  3. Ikhanda;
  4. ukuba ndikindiki ebusweni;
  5. ukukhubazeka.

Uma umuntu enezimpawu zokushaywa unhlangothi, udinga usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha.

Izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis - imithambo ye-coronary

Imithambo yenhliziyo yimithambo ethwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo liyise emisipha yenhliziyo. Inhliziyo idinga ukuhlinzekwa komoyampilo okuqhubekayo ukuze isebenze futhi iphile, njenganoma yisiphi esinye izicubu noma isitho somzimba. Imithambo yenhliziyo izungeza yonke inhliziyo, ihlukana ibe umthambo wenhliziyo wesokunxele kanye nomthambo wenhliziyo ongakwesokudla. Umthambo wenhliziyo ongakwesokudla unikeza igazi ngokuyinhloko ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo. Uhlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo luncane ngoba lumpompa igazi emaphashini kuphela.

Ukuncipha kokusebenza kwemithambo yenhliziyo kunganciphisa ukugeleza komoyampilo kanye nezakhamzimba enhliziyweni. Lokhu akuthinti nje kuphela ukunikezwa kwemisipha yenhliziyo ngokwayo, kungase futhi kuthinte ikhono lenhliziyo lokupompa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngakho-ke, noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka noma isifo se-coronary artery singaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni, okungenzeka kuholele ku-angina, isifo senhliziyo ngisho nokufa.

I-Atherossteosis emithanjeni yenhliziyo ingabonakala ngale ndlela elandelayo: +

  1. ubuhlungu besifuba;
  2. ukuhlanza;
  3. ukukhathazeka ngokweqile;
  4. ukukhwehlela;
  5. ukuquleka.

Izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis - imithambo yezinso

Imithambo yezinso ingapheya emithanjeni ehambisa igazi ezinso. Imithambo yezinso ithwala ingxenye enkulu yokugeleza kwegazi eliphelele ezinso. Ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yengqikithi yenhliziyo ingadlula emithanjeni yezinso futhi ihlungwe ngezinso. Uma ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi emithanjeni yezinso kuvinjelwe, kungase kuvele isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona.

I-Atherosulinosis ethinta imithambo yezinso ibonakala ngokulandelayo: +

  1. ukulahlekelwa ukudla;
  2. ukuvuvukala kwezandla nezinyawo;
  3. izinkinga zokugxilisa ingqondo.

Izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis - imithambo ye-peripheral

Imithambo eseceleni ihambisa igazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni (izingalo, izandla, imilenze, nezinyawo), futhi imithambo eseceleni ithwala igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo lisuka kuma-capillaries emaphethelweni libuyele enhliziyweni.

Uma igazi lingakwazi ukuhamba kahle kuzo, umuntu angase ezwe endikindiki nobuhlungu ezithweni. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukufa kwezicubu kanye ne-gangrene kungenzeka. I-peripheral arterial disease nayo yandisa ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi noma isifo senhliziyo.

Zivela nini izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis?

Izici ezilandelayo ziphakathi kwezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-atherosclerosis.

  1. I-cholesterol ephakeme - into eyenzeka ngokwemvelo emzimbeni wethu, kanye nokunye ukudla esikudlayo. Imithambo yakho ingase ivaleke uma i-cholesterol yegazi iphezulu kakhulu. Le mithambo iba lukhuni futhi ama-plaque ahlulele kuwo avimbela noma avimbele ukujikeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni nakwezinye izitho.
  2. Ubudala – Njengoba ukhula, inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi kusebenza kanzima ukumpompa nokwamukela igazi. Imithambo ingaqina futhi ingaguquguquki kancane, okuyenza ijwayele ukwakheka kwama-plaque. Kwabesifazane, ingozi inkulu nakakhulu uma uhlushwa i-endometriosis noma i-polycystic ovary syndrome, noma uma unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa noma i-pre-eclampsia ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
  3. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu - ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungalimaza izindonga zemithambo yakho, uvumele ukwakheka kwe-plaque.
  4. Isifo sikashukela - ushukela ophezulu wegazi ungalimaza izingqimba zangaphakathi zemithambo yakho, kubangele ukwakheka kwama-plaque.
  5. I-Metabolic syndrome - amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol kanye ne-triglycerides egazini akhulisa ingozi ye-atherosclerosis.
  6. Ukudla okungenampilo - Ukudla ukudla okuningi okunamafutha agcwele kungakhuphula i-cholesterol.
  7. Ufuzo - ungase ube ne-atherosclerosis ngokofuzo, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo se-cholesterol esitholakala ngofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-familia hypercholesterolaemia.
  8. Izifo ezivuthayo - amazinga aphezulu okuvuvukala angacasula imithambo yegazi, okungaholela ekwakhekeni kwama-plaque (i-rheumatoid arthritis kanye ne-psoriasis yizibonelo zezifo).

Izimpawu ze-atherosulinosis - ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-atherosclerosis ekuqaleni kusekelwe emlandweni wezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, lapho udokotela esebenzisa i-stethoscope ukuze alalele imithambo ye-artery for wheezing okungavamile. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukugeleza kwegazi okungalungile ngenxa yokwakheka kwama-plaque.

Bona ukuthi kungaba yi-atherosclerosis

I-Atherosulinosis Diagnostics Package - iphaneli yokuhlola igazi enikezwa yi-FixCare yenza ukulawula okuphelele kwesimo semithambo.

Izinqubo ezijwayelekile zokuxilonga ze-atherosclerosis zihlanganisa:

  1. inkomba ye-ankle-brachial (ABI) - phakathi nalokhu kuhlolwa, ama-cuffs womfutho wegazi abekwe phezu kwezingalo nasemaqakaleni. Ukuhlolwa kuqhathanisa umfutho wegazi eqakaleni lakho nalowo osengalweni yakho. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuhlola isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi emithanjeni yemilenze nezinyawo. Umehluko phakathi kwezilinganiso zomfutho wegazi eqakaleni nasengalweni engenhla kungase kube ngenxa yesifo semithambo yemithambo ezungezile, ngokuvamile esibangelwa isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi;
  2. ukuhlolwa kwegazi - Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola amazinga amafutha athile, i-cholesterol, ushukela kanye namaprotheni egazini okungase kubonise isifo senhliziyo;
  3. I-electrocardiogram (EKG) - ukuhlolwa kukala umsebenzi wenhliziyo. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ama-electrode axhunywe esifubeni futhi axhunywe kuwo wonke umshini. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni kuyancishiswa yini;
  4. i-echocardiogram – ukuhlola okunomgexo wamaza omsindo ukukhombisa ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kokuzivocavoca;
  5. Ukuhlolwa kokuzivocavoca - phakathi nalokhu kuhlolwa, isiguli sivivinywa, isb kumshini wokunyathelisa noma ibhayisikili elimile, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo odokotela bazoqapha inhliziyo yaso. Uma umuntu engakwazi ukuzivocavoca, kunikezwa izidakamizwa zokwandisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Ukuzivocavoca kwenza inhliziyo ishaye ngamandla futhi ngokushesha kunemisebenzi eminingi yansuku zonke, ukuhlola ukucindezeleka kungase kwembule izinkinga zenhliziyo okungenzeka ziphuthelwe;
  6. I-Doppler ultrasound - ukuhlolwa okusetshenziselwa ukulinganisa ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi ngokubonisa amaza omsindo wemvamisa ephezulu evela kumangqamuzana egazi abomvu ajikelezayo;
  7. i-catheterization yenhliziyo kanye ne-angiogram - ukuhlola ngokusebenzisa i-catheter bese uyifaka emithanjeni yegazi, ngokuvamile e-groin noma esihlakaleni, enhliziyweni. Udayi ugeleza nge-catheter ungene emithanjeni yenhliziyo futhi usiza ukukhombisa imithambo ngokucacile ezithombeni ezithathwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Ekuxilongweni kwe-atherosclerosis, ezinye izivivinyo zingasetshenziswa, njenge-magnetic resonance angiography noma i-positron emission tomography (PET). Lokhu kuhlola kungase kubonise ukuqina nokuncipha kwemithambo emikhulu, kanye nama-aneurysms.

Izimpawu ze-atherosulinosis kanye nokwelashwa

Inkambo yokwelashwa kwe-atherosclerosis incike ekutheni icala linzima kangakanani nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis isiguli esinazo (iziphi imithambo ethintekayo yi-atherosclerosis).

Ukwelashwa kwe-atherosclerosis kuhlanganisa ukushintsha indlela yokuphila, imithi enikezwa ngudokotela, nokuhlinzwa. Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila ngokuvamile kuyizincomo zokuqala futhi cishe kungasiza, ngisho noma isiguli sidinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile.

Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa kwe-atherosclerosis kunganciphisa umfutho wegazi, kuthuthukise amazinga e-cholesterol angenampilo, futhi kunciphise nengozi yokwakheka kwamahlule egazi ayingozi. Phakathi kwezidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-atherosclerosis, ama-statins kanye nezidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive zisetshenziswa.

  1. Ama-statins - asetshenziselwa ukwehlisa i-cholesterol nokuvimbela i-atherosclerosis. Kwesinye isikhathi, isiguli singase sidinge izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zemithi ye-cholesterol. Phakathi kwamanye ama-ejenti asetshenziselwa ukwehlisa i-cholesterol, i-niacin, ama-fibrate nama-bile acid sequestrants kungashiwo.
  2. I-Aspirin - Inciphisa igazi futhi ivimbele ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi. Kwabanye abantu, ukusebenzisa i-aspirin nsuku zonke kungase kube ingxenye yezinyathelo ezinconyiwe zokuvimbela isifo senhliziyo noma unhlangothi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele wazi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okunjalo kwalesi sidakamizwa kungaholela emiphumeleni ehlukahlukene engathandeki, kuhlanganise nokuphuma kwegazi esiswini nasemathunjini.
  3. Izidakamizwa zomfutho wegazi ophakeme - nakuba lezi zidakamizwa zingasizi ukuguqula imiphumela ye-atherosclerosis, zivimbela noma zelaphe izinkinga ezihlobene nesifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, isibonelo, zingasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekwelapheni i-atherosclerosis, ezinye izidakamizwa ngezinye izikhathi zisetshenziswa esimweni sezinye izifo, ezifana nesifo sikashukela okwandisa ingozi ye-atherosclerosis. Imithi iphinde isetshenziselwe izimpawu ezithile ze-atherosclerosis, njengobuhlungu emilenzeni ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.

  1. Zama ingxube ye-herbal kaBaba Klimuszko ye-atherosclerosis kanye nokuqina kwemithambo

Nokho, kwenzeka ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-atherosclerosis kuzodinga ukwelashwa okuthile.

  1. Angioplasty - esetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo se-peripheral artery esithinta imilenze, emithanjeni yenhliziyo ukwelapha isifo se-coronary artery, noma entanyeni ukwelapha i-stenosis ye-carotid arteries. Kuhilela ukusebenzisa i-catheter nokuyifaka emithanjeni yegazi, ngokuvamile e-groin noma esihlakaleni, bese uyiqondisa endaweni evinjiwe. Kukhona i-sheath ekhethekile ekugcineni kwe-catheter engase ikhulise ukuvula umthambo. Udokotela wakho angase futhi afake ishubhu elinezikhala elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-stent ukunciphisa ingozi yokuncipha komthambo futhi.
  2. I-Endarterectomy - esetshenziselwa ukususa i-atherosclerotic plaque ezindongeni ze-artery emincane.
  3. Ukwelashwa kwe-Fibrinolytic – isebenzisa umuthi ukuncibilikisa ihlule elivimba ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni.
  4. I-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) – Okuphinde kwaziwe ngokuthi yi-bypass, lokhu ukukhishwa komthambo wegazi onempilo kwenye ingxenye yomzimba ukuze kwakhiwe indlela entsha yegazi enhliziyweni. Igazi libe selizungeza emithanjeni ye-coronary evalekile noma emincane. Le nqubo iwukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa kuphela kubantu abanemithambo eminingi emincane enhliziyweni.

Izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis - izinkinga

Ukwehluleka ukwelapha izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi ezinkulu.

  1. Isifo se-artery Coronary - I-Atherossteosis, enciphisa imithambo eduze kwenhliziyo, ungase ube nesifo se-coronary artery, esingabangela ubuhlungu besifuba (angina), isifo senhliziyo noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
  2. Isifo se-peripheral arterial - isifo se-peripheral arterial esishiwo ngenhla siphumela ekunciphiseni kwemithambo ezingalweni noma emilenzeni, okuguqulela ezinkingeni zokugeleza kwegazi kuzo. Umuntu ogulayo uyancipha ukuzwa ukushisa nokubanda, futhi ingozi yokusha noma isithwathwa iyakhula. Kuyaqabukela, ukushoda kwegazi ezingalweni noma emilenzeni kungabangela ukufa kwezicubu (i-gangrene).
  3. I-Carotid stenosis - kungabangela ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic yesikhashana (TIA) noma ukushaywa yisifo.
  4. I-Aneurysms - Ukungazinaki izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni ama-aneurysms, okungenzeka noma yikuphi emzimbeni. Okubi nakakhulu, ama-aneurysm ngokuvamile awabonakalisi (umuntu one-aneurysm ngezinye izikhathi angase ezwe ubuhlungu futhi eshaya eduze kwe-aneurysm). Uma i-aneurysm iqhuma, ingabangela ukopha okusongela ukuphila ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
  5. Isifo sezinso ezingapheli - uma izimpawu ze-atherosclerotic zithinta imithambo yezinso, ingase iyeke ukuthola igazi eligcwele umoya-mpilo elanele ezinso. Izinso zidinga ukugeleza kwegazi okwanele ukuze zihlunge udoti futhi zikhiphe uketshezi oluningi. I-atherosulinosis yale mithambo ingaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso.

Izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis - ukuvimbela

Izimpawu ze-atherosclerosis zingavinjelwa ngaphambi kokuba zivele, ngokulandela imithetho ethile.

  1. Ukuvivinya njalo - ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kucatshangwa ukuthi kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi, ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi nokunciphisa ingozi yezimo ezandisa ingozi ye-atherosclerosis nesifo senhliziyo. Ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo batusa okungenani imizuzu engu-150 yomsebenzi we-aerobic omaphakathi noma imizuzu engama-75 yomsebenzi onamandla we-aerobic ngesonto. Kodwa-ke, awudingi ukuzibekela umkhawulo ekuzilolongeni okujwayelekile okufana nama-squats, ungavele uyeke ama-elevator futhi usebenzise izitebhisi.
  2. Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo - Ukuncipha kwesisindo kunciphisa ingozi ye-coronary artery disease ebangelwa i-atherosclerosis.
  3. Yeka ukubhema ugwayi - Ukuyeka ugwayi kuyindlela enhle yokunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ze-atherosclerotic ezifana nesifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-nicotine iqinisa imithambo yegazi futhi iphoqelele inhliziyo ukuthi isebenze kanzima.
  4. Ukudla okunempilo - ukudla okunempilo kufanele kufake izithelo, imifino kanye nezinhlamvu. Kunalokho, kufanele uyeke ama-carbohydrate agayiwe, ushukela, amafutha agcwele kanye nosawoti. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol noshukela wegazi.
  5. Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka nezimo ezicindezelayo - Ukucindezeleka kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni yethu, futhi abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kungalimaza nemithambo yegazi, kubangele ukuvuvukala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hormone akhishwa egazini ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka angakhuphula kokubili i-cholesterol nomfutho wegazi. Ukuze unciphise ukucindezeleka, kufanelekile ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuphela, kodwa futhi nengqondo, usebenzisa amasu okuphumula afana ne-yoga noma ukuphefumula okujulile. Le mikhuba inganciphisa okwesikhashana umfutho wegazi lakho, inciphise ingozi yokuthola isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi.

shiya impendulo