Ubuthakathaka bemisipha obubangelwa i-myasthenia gravis buyanda lapho umsipha othintekile uqina ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ubuthakathaka bemisipha buyashintshashintsha ngoba izimpawu ngokuvamile ziba ngcono lapho uphumule. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ze-myasthenia gravis zivame ukukhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngokuvamile ziba zimbi kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa ngemva kokuqala kwesifo.

Ngokuvamile kunezikhathi lapho isiguli sibona khona izimpawu eziningi (isigaba esishubile), kuhlanganiswe nezikhathi lapho izimpawu zehla noma zinyamalala (isigaba sokuxolelwa).

Izicubu ezithintekayo yi-myasthenia gravis

Nakuba i-myasthenia gravis ingathinta noma yimiphi imisipha elawulwa ngokuzithandela, amaqembu athile emisipha avame ukuthinteka kakhulu kunabanye.

Imisipha yamehlo

Ezimweni ezingaphezu kwesigamu, izimpawu zokuqala ze-myasthenia gravis zihlanganisa izinkinga zamehlo ezifana nalezi:

• Ukumisa ukunyakaza kwejwabu leso elilodwa noma womabili (ptosis).
• Ukubona kabili (diplopia), okuba ngcono noma kuhambe lapho iso livaliwe.

Imisipha yobuso nomphimbo

Ezimweni ezingaba ngu-15%, izimpawu zokuqala i-myasthénie kuhlanganisa imisipha yobuso nomphimbo, okungadala:

• ukuphazamiseka kwemisindo. iphimbo nezwi (amakhala) kuhlanekezelwe.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya. Kulula kakhulu kumuntu ukuminyanisa ukudla, isiphuzo noma imithi. Kwezinye izimo, uketshezi umuntu azama ukulugwinya lungase luphume ngekhala.
• Izinkinga zokuhlafuna. Imisipha esetshenziswayo ingakhathala uma umuntu edla into okunzima ukuyihlafuna (isb. inyama yenyama).
• Isimo sobuso esilinganiselwe. Umuntu angase abonakale “ephelelwe ukumamatheka.” Uma imisipha elawula isimo sobuso bakhe iyathinteka.

Imisipha yentamo nezitho

I-Myasthenia gravis ingabangela ubuthakathaka emisipha yentamo, izingalo, imilenze, kodwa nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ezifana namehlo, ubuso noma umphimbo.

Izici zengozi

Kunezici ezingenza i-myasthenia gravis ibe yimbi kakhulu njenge:

• ukukhathala;
• esinye isifo;
• ukucindezeleka;
• izidakamizwa ezithile ezifana ne-beta blockers, i-quinine, i-phenytoin, izibulala-zinzwa ezithile nama-antibiotic;
• izici zofuzo.

Omama abane-myasthenia gravis abavamile ukuba nezingane ezizalwa zine-myasthenia gravis. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amasosha omzimba adluliswa esuka egazini likamama aye enganeni. Nokho, phakathi namasonto okuqala engane, amasosha omzimba ayasuswa egazini lomntwana futhi ngokuvamile umntwana ekugcineni aphinde athole ithoni yemisipha evamile phakathi nezinyanga ezimbili izelwe.

Ezinye izingane zizalwa zine-myasthenia gravis engavamile, ezizuzwe njengefa ebizwa ngokuthi i-congenital myasthenic syndrome.

Indlela yokuvimbela i-mysathenia?

Akukho ukwelashwa kokuvimbela lesi sifo.