Okuqukethwe
Yini i-subcutaneous emphysema?
I-emphysema engaphansi - lokhu kungukuqoqwa kwegesi noma amabhamuza omoya ezicutshini, okubangela ukwakheka komcamelo womoya. Ngokwezwi nezwi, igama elithi emphysema lingahunyushwa ngokuthi ukwanda komoya. Isizathu salesi sifo singaba ukulimala kwesifuba, ngenxa yalokho izitho zokuphefumula zalimala kakhulu, kanye nokulimala kwe-esophagus. Yingakho umoya ongena ku-mediastinum ucindezela imithambo emikhulu nemikhumbi, okuholela ekubeni i-asphyxia, ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukufa.
Imbangela ye-emphysema engaphansi kwesikhumba ingase ibe isilonda esijulile sangaphandle, lapho izitho zokuphefumula zonakaliswe.
Kwezokwelapha, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemithombo eminingana eyinhloko yomoya engena ezicutshini, okungukuthi, ezintathu kuphela:
isilonda sesifuba, esinempahla yokuvumela umoya kuphela ezicutshini, kodwa unganiki ithuba lokubuyela emuva;
uma kwenzeka umonakalo ku-bronchi, trachea noma i-esophagus, lapho i-pleura ye-mediastinal yonakalisiwe, ngakho-ke umoya ovela ku-mediastinum ungena ngokukhululekile emgodini we-pleural;
ukwephulwa kanyekanye kobuqotho be-parietal pleura namaphaphu, isilonda sinokubukeka okufana ne-valve.
Lapho umoya ungena ezicutshini, ungahamba ngokukhululekile ngaphansi kwesikhumba usuka endaweni ye-areolar uye endaweni yobuso. I-subcutaneous emphysema ngokuvamile ayibangeli noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka okubonakala iziguli. Ngokwayo, lesi sifo asiyona ingozi uma imbangela yokuvela kwayo ibonakala ngesikhathi. Ukuthola imbangela, kubalulekile ukulandela ukuguquguquka kokuthuthukiswa kwale nqubo.
Odokotela bahlukanisa zonke iziguli zibe izigaba ezimbili zobudala: abasebasha nalezo esezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-40. Isifo kubantu abanjalo sihlala siqhubeka ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ebasha, abaneminyaka engaba ngu-20-30 ubudala, i-emphysema ivela ngendlela ethambile kakhulu futhi engenamiphumela. Kubantu asebekhulile, abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala, lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu futhi ukululama kulesi sifo kuthatha isikhathi eside.
Izimbangela ze-emphysema engaphansi
Odokotela bahlukanisa izizathu ezilandelayo, ngenxa yalokho kuvela i-subcutaneous emphysema:
I-bronchitis engapheli, ukubhema. Ezimweni ezingu-90%, ukubhema kubangela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-emphysema. Iziguli eziningi zenza iphutha ngokukholelwa ukuthi i-bronchitis yababhemayo iyisifo esingenabungozi ngokuphelele. Intuthu kagwayi iqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziyingozi ezidala ukucekelwa phansi kwemigudu yokuphefumula emzimbeni womuntu obhemayo. Lokhu kuholela ezinguqukweni ezinzima;
Shintsha esimweni esivamile sesifuba ngenxa yamathonya angaphandle, ukuhlukumezeka;
Ukulimala okungathi sína (ukuphuka kombambo okuvalekile, ucezu olugwaze amaphaphu) noma ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba, i-laparoscopy;
I-Anomaly ekuthuthukisweni kwezitho zesistimu yokuphefumula, ngokuvamile lezi ziyizinkinga zokuzalwa;
Ukuhogela izinto ezinobuthi ezinomphumela olimazayo ohlelweni lokuphefumula (imisebenzi yobungcweti, indawo engcolile, ukusebenza ngezinto ezinobuthi noma ekukhiqizeni okuyingozi, abakhi, njll., abantu abaphefumula umoya oqukethe ukungcola okuningi okulimazayo);
Inxeba lokudutshulwa, lenziwe lacishe langenalutho. Ngenxa yomphumela we-powder gases esikhumbeni esizungeze isilonda, i-emphysema enganingi iyenzeka;
ukutheleleka kwe-anaerobic;
Ummese, amanxeba abuthuntu;
Ukushayisana kwezimoto lapho izisulu zishaya khona izifuba zazo esiteringini noma ezihlalweni ngamandla amakhulu;
Ukulimala kwamaphaphu okubangelwa ukucindezela kwangaphakathi okunamandla kakhulu, okuthiwa i-barotrauma (ukugxumela emanzini, ukudonsa okubukhali ekujuleni);
Ngokuphuka kwamathambo obuso;
ama-neoplasms entanyeni nase-trachea;
Angina Ludwig;
Ukubhobozwa kommizo. Lesi sizathu siyivelakancane kakhulu;
Ngezinye izikhathi i-emphysema yenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwamazinyo, ngenxa yokungajwayelekile kwethuluzi;
Ukulimala ekuhlanganyeleni okukhulu (idolo elihlangene);
Ngokungena komoya wokwenziwa wamaphaphu. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-tracheal tube.
Izimpawu ze-emphysema engaphansi
Ngokuvamile izimpawu ze-subcutaneous emphysema ziyi:
ukuvuvukala entanyeni;
ubuhlungu besifuba lapho uphefumula;
umphimbo obuhlungu, ubunzima bokugwinya;
ukuphefumula kanzima
ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba ngokungabikho kwemikhondo ecacile yenqubo yayo yokuvuvukala.
Ungathola i-emphysema engaphansi kwesikhumba usebenzisa i-X-ray ezigabeni zokugcina zesifo. Kanye ne-palpation elula endaweni ehlosiwe yokuqoqwa komoya. Ngaphansi kweminwe, ukuba khona kwama-bubbles emoyeni ngaphansi kwesikhumba kuzozwakala kahle kakhulu.
Lapho i-palpated, isiguli ngeke sizwe ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki. Uma ucindezela endaweni yokunqwabelana kwamagesi, kuzwakala umsindo oyisici, osikhumbuza kakhulu ukukhithika kweqhwa. Ngokunqwabelana okuphawulekayo komoya ngaphansi kwesikhumba, izicubu eziseduze nale ndawo zikhukhumala kangangokuthi zibonakala ngeso lenyama.
Uma i-emphysema ye-subcutaneous yakheka entanyeni, isiguli singashintsha izwi laso futhi kuyoba nzima ukuphefumula.
Umoya unganqwabelana ngaphansi kwesikhumba ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba, ngisho nasemilenzeni nasezingalweni, nasesiswini.
Ukwelashwa kwe-emphysema engaphansi
I-Emphysema ingatholakala nge-X-ray noma i-CT scan yesifuba. Lapho nje amabhamuza omoya ebonwa ezicutshini zomzimba, ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha. Ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, ukwelashwa okulondoloziwe kuyenziwa, okungukuthi, izifutho ezikhethekile kanye nama-aerosols abekiwe. Nokho, abakwazi nakancane ukunqanda ukukhula kwalesi sifo.
Inkambo yalesi sifo iqashwe ngokucophelela odokotela abanemvamisa ethile, futhi ukukhushulwa kwalesi sifo kuphawulwa izikhathi ezi-2 noma ezi-3 ngonyaka. Phakathi nokukhushulwa okunjalo, ukuphefumula kanzima kuvela. Esigabeni sesithathu nesine se-emphysema, ukwelashwa kokwelapha akunawo umthelela kulesi sifo futhi isiguli kufanele sivume ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Nakuba eqinisweni, i-emphysema engaphansi kwesikhumba ngokuvamile ayidingi ukwelashwa. Ngokwaso, lesi sifo asifaki ingozi emzimbeni womuntu, kungumphumela wokulimala kwangaphandle noma isitho esithile sangaphakathi. Futhi emva kwalokho iyasuswa. Umjovo womoya ngaphansi kwesikhumba uyayeka. Lesi sifo siyanyamalala kancane kancane ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukhethekile.
Yeka ukuthi imbangela ye-emphysema iye yaqedwa ngempumelelo kangakanani ukubuyiswa komoya. Ukusheshisa inqubo yokuphulukisa, ukuvivinya umzimba kokuphefumula emoyeni omusha wezwe kunconywa. Kulokhu, igazi ligcwele umoya-mpilo, okufaka isandla ekuphumeni kwe-nitrogen emzimbeni.
Ngokuya ngobukhulu be-emphysema, ukungenelela okuthile kokuhlinzwa kwenziwa, okuhloswe ngayo ukukhulisa ukuqedwa kokuqoqwa komoya.
I-Emphysema ingaba yingozi kuphela uma yakhiwe endaweni yesifuba futhi isakazeka ngokushesha entanyeni, ekuqaleni ngaphansi kwesikhumba, bese ingena ezicutshini zentamo kanye ne-mediastinum, engase ibangele ukucindezelwa kwezitho ezibalulekile zangaphakathi. Kulokhu, ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo kuyadingeka, okuzosiza ukukhomba imbangela yomjovo womoya, kanye nokuwuqeda ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi esigulini.