Kuyaye kusijabulise ukuthola ukufana ekubukekeni kwezinja nabanikazi bazo - isibonelo, zombili zinemilenze emide, noma ijazi lenja ligoqene njengezinwele zomuntu.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonise ukuthi izinja zivame ukufana nabanikazi bazo ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele: empeleni, ubuntu babo buvame ukufana.
UWilliam J. Chopik, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseMichigan State University kanye nomlobi oholayo wocwaningo, ufunda ukuthi ubudlelwano babantu bushintsha kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ehlatshwe umxhwele izibopho eziba khona phakathi kwabantu nabangane babo abanoboya, waqala ukuhlola kokubili lobu budlelwano namandla abo.
Ocwaningweni lwakhe, abanikazi bezinja ezi-1 bahlole ubuntu babo kanye nobezilwane ezifuywayo besebenzisa uhlu lwemibuzo olujwayelekile. UChopik uthole ukuthi izinja nabanikazi bazo bavame ukuba nezici zobuntu ezifanayo. Umuntu onobungane kakhulu unamathuba aphindwe kabili okuba nenja ekhuthele futhi enamandla, futhi futhi engenalo ulaka kunomuntu onolaka olubi. Lolu cwaningo luphinde lwathola ukuthi abanikazi abaqotho bachaza izinja zabo njengeziqeqesheka kakhudlwana, kuyilapho abantu abanovalo bechaza izinja zabo njengezesaba kakhulu.
U-Chopik uveza i-snag esobala kulolu cwaningo: ungabuza abantu imibuzo ngabo, kodwa ezinjeni, kufanele uthembele kuphela ekuqapheliseni kwabanikazi ngokuziphatha kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Kodwa kubonakala sengathi abanikazi bavame ukuchaza izilwane zabo ezifuywayo ngendlela eqondile, ngoba, njengoba ucwaningo olufanayo luye lwabonisa, abantu bangaphandle bachaza umlingiswa wezinja ngendlela efanayo nabanikazi.
Kungani kunokufana okungaka kwabalingiswa babantu nezilwane ezifuywayo? Ucwaningo alubheki izimbangela, kodwa i-Chopik ine-hypothesis. “Ingxenye yenu ikhetha ngamabomu le nja, futhi ingxenye yenja izuza izici ezithile ngenxa yenu,” usho kanje.
UChopik uthi lapho abantu bethatha inja, bavame ukukhetha eyodwa evumelana ngokwemvelo nendlela yabo yokuphila. “Ingabe ufuna inja esebenzayo edinga ukuxhumana nabantu njalo, noma ethule elungele ukuphila unganyakazi? Sijwayele ukukhetha izinja ezisifanisa.”
Bese, ngokufunda ngokuqaphela noma nje ukusebenzisana kwansuku zonke, silolonga ukuziphatha kwezilwane ezifuywayo - futhi lapho sishintsha, ziyashintsha kanye nathi.
Isazi sokuziphatha u-Zazie Todd uthi kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izici ezinhlanu eziyinhloko ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ubuntu babantu (extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and open-mindeness) azifani nezici ezinhlanu zobuntu ezisebenza ekuchazeni izimo zengqondo zezinja (izinja ezishintshayo) ukwesaba, ulaka olubhekiswe kubantu, ulaka olubhekiswe ezilwaneni, umsebenzi/ubumnandi kanye nekhono lokufunda). Kodwa ngokusho kukaTodd, kukhona ukuxhumana okuthakazelisa ngempela phakathi kwabantu nezinja, futhi izimfanelo zivame ukuhlangana.
Isibonelo, nakuba i-“extraversion” ingeyona imfanelo ebonisa ngokucacile ubuntu besilwane, abantu abangaphandle bavame ukuphumela ngaphandle futhi babe nomdlandla, ngakho isilwane sabo esifuywayo sivame ukusebenza kakhulu futhi sijabule.
Ucwaningo lwangomuso lungasikhanyisela kabanzi mayelana nodaba lokuba ngowokuqala kanye nokuba ngowesibili kulolu daba. Isibonelo, ingabe abantu abanobungane, abanobudlelwane ekuqaleni bathambekele ekukhetheni inja encane enamahloni njengomngane wabo? Noma ingabe indlela yabo yokuphila idluliselwa esilwaneni sabo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi? “Abantu abakhuthele bavame ukuhamba nezinja zabo noma yikuphi lapho beya khona, okuvumela isilwane sabo esifuywayo ukuba sihlangane futhi sijwayele izinto ezahlukene,” kusho uTodd. "Mhlawumbe abantu balolonga ubuntu bezinja zabo - kodwa lowo ngumbono othokozisayo okusamele siwuqinisekise."