I-stereotypy iqoqo lokuziphatha ngaphandle kwencazelo ebonakalayo, ikhiqizwa kaninginingi kuze kube sezingeni lokuthi ngezinye izikhathi kubangele izilonda. Izinkolelo ezithile zikhona "ekukhuleni okujwayelekile kwengane". Ezinye zingabangelwa yizinkinga ezahlukahlukene futhi ziphathwe ngokwelashwa kokuziphatha.

Incazelo

Inkolelo-ze iqoqo lezimo zengqondo, ukushukuma komzimba, isenzo noma amagama ngaphandle kwencazelo ebonakalayo ephindaphindwe kaningi kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi kwesinye isikhathi kubangele izilonda.

izinhlobo

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlukanisa izinkolelo-ze.

Abanye bahlukanisa:

• Izinkolelo zomlomo
• Izinkolelo zobulili
• Isimo sengqondo esikhohlisayo

Abanye bayahlukanisa:

• Izinkolelo-ze zezimoto
• Izinkolelo ezizikhuthazayo
• Izinkolelo-ze zokuzicasula

Izimbangela

Ama-stereotypies akhona ngendlela yesikhashana ekukhuleni "okujwayelekile" kwengane kepha avame ukunyamalala ngokutholwa kwe-neuromotricity. 

I-stereotypy ingaba yingxenye Yesifo Esithuthukayo Sentuthuko:

• Isifo se-Autism
• I-Right Syndrome
• Ukuphazamiseka kokuhlukaniswa kwengane
• I-Asperger's syndrome, ngokokuhlukaniswa kwe-DSM

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkolelo-ze zivamile kubantu abanezifo ezilandelayo:

• sengqondo
• Izinhlobo ezithile ze-schizophrenia
• Isifo seGilles de la Tourette
• Ukukhubazeka
• I-Frontal syndrome, iqoqo lezimpawu nezimpawu zomtholampilo ezibonwe ezilondeni zengxenye engaphambili ye-lobe engaphambili
• Ukuncishwa kwemizwa

Ekugcineni, ukuvela kwezinkolelo-ze ezizimele kungahlanganiswa nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi i-cocaine. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi isimilo esikhohlisayo sinzima kakhulu phakathi kwezijovo ze-cocaine.

kwesifo

Igama elithi “stereotypy” manje selikhethiwe - ku-DSM-IV-TR ngokwesibonelo - njenge: “Stereotypical movement disorder”. Ukuxilongwa kwe-Stereotypical Movement Disorder akufanele kwenziwe uma izinkolelo-ze zibangelwa yiPheraliveal Development Disorder.

Ukutholakala kwale misebenzi ephindaphindwayo kulandela inqubo ephelele: 

• Inkambo yokukhulelwa nokubeletha
• Usesho lomlando womndeni
• Ukuqaphela ukukhula kwengqondo yengane. Ingabe ukhombisa ukukhubazeka kwengqondo?
• Iminyaka yokuqala kokuziphatha okunamandla kakhulu
• Izimo lapho kuvela khona izinkolelo-ze (injabulo, isithukuthezi, isizungu, ukukhathazeka, amashejuli, okwenzeka ngemuva kwenhlekelele…)
• Incazelo eqondile yomkhuba (ubude besikhathi, ukuphazamiseka kokwazi, njll.)
• Usizo lomndeni ukubona ngeso lengqondo le nto (ikhamera eyenzelwe wena uqobo)
• Ukuhlolwa kwengane (ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha, i-dysmorphia, ukusilela kwe-neurosensory, ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile nokwemizwa)

Ama-stereotypies angaba nzima ukuhlukanisa kokunye ukunyakaza kwe-paroxysmal njenge-tics nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokubanjwa. Ezimweni ezithile, i-EEG-Video iyisivivinyo esihambisanayo esibandlulula kunazo zonke ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa.

Abantu abathintekayo

Ama-stereotypies angavela kuyo yonke iminyaka, kusuka esikhathini sokubeletha kuya ebusheni. Zibonwa ngokudlanga okuhluke kakhulu, imvamisa, amandla kanye ne-semiology kuya ngokuthi ngabe:

• Izinkolelo eziyinhloko. Zithinta izingane ngokukhula okujwayelekile kwengqondo. Kulokhu, ayivamile futhi ayinamandla kakhulu. Okuvame kakhulu ukuqagela ngezimoto.
• Izinkolelo zesibili. Zikhathaza izingane ngesinye sezifo ezilandelayo: ukusilela kwe-neuro-sensory, ubumpumputhe, ukungezwa, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, izifo zengqondo, izifo ezithile zofuzo, ezonakalisayo noma ze-metabolic. Kulokhu, izinkolelo-ze zinzima kakhulu futhi zivame kakhulu.

Izimpawu zenkolelo-ze yizimo zengqondo, ukushukuma komzimba, isenzo noma amagama ngaphandle kwencazelo ebonakalayo ephindaphindwa kaninginingi.

Izimiso ezivamile zezimoto

• Isiqu sishwibeka
• Ukushaya ikhanda lakho
• Ukumunca isithupha
• Ukuluma kolimi nezinzipho
• Izinwele ziyajika
• Njalo, ukuvuma ngekhanda okunesigqi

Izimoto eziyinkimbinkimbi zezimoto 

• Ukuthuthumela kwesandla
• Ukuphambuka kwezinyawo
• Ukushaya izandla noma ukuxhawula
• Ukungqubuzana kweminwe
• Ingalo ishaya
• Ukuthamba noma ukunwebeka kwezihlakala

Phakathi kwezinkolelo-ze ezizikhuthazayo, ukushaya indlwabu ezinganeni nasezincane yikhona okuvame kakhulu.

Ezimweni eziningi, izinkolelo eziyinhloko azinayo imiphumela yengqondo noma yomzimba, azidingi ukwelashwa.

Endabeni yezinkolelo-ze zesibili, izindlela zokwelapha zokuziphatha nezidakamizwa zingabhekwa ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthola i-pathology ehambisana nayo kusenesikhathi, nokuba nolwazi oluhle ngayo.

Ezinganeni ezinokukhubazeka kokubona noma kokuzwa kwe-sensorineural, izindlela zokuxhumana ezingakhubazeki zazo zingakhiwa ukuvimbela ukuziphatha kwazo ekubeni yisifiso.

Ezinganeni ezine-autistic, izinhlelo ezikhethekile zemfundo kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha, ama-psychoanalytic psychotherapies, ukwelashwa kokushintshana nokwakhiwa (PDD, njll.) Kuvame ukusetshenziswa ekwelapheni izinkolelo-ze.

Akukho ukuvimbela okuthile ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa kwezimbangela.