Isitshalo sasendulo samazwe ase-Amazon, i-ayahuasca isetshenziswe izinkulungwane zeminyaka ngezinjongo zokuphulukisa nokubhula emazweni asePeru, eColombia, e-Ecuador naseBrazil ngamashaman omdabu kanye nama-mestizos. Imikhuba eyinkimbinkimbi yokulungiselela nokusebenzisa i-ayahuasca idluliselwe ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ngabalaphi bendawo. Ngesikhathi semikhosi yokuphulukisa, lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokuxilonga ukuthola izimbangela zokugula kwesiguli.
Umlando onemininingwane ye-ayahuasca awaziwa kangako, njengoba amarekhodi okuqala esitshalo engazange avele kuze kube ngekhulu le-16 ngokufika kwabanqobi baseSpain. Kodwa-ke, isitsha somkhosi esinezinsalela ze-ayahuasca ezitholakala e-Ecuador kukholakala ukuthi saqala eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-2500. I-Ayahuasca iyisisekelo semithi yendabuko okungenani yezizwe zomdabu ezingama-75 kuyo yonke i-Amazon Esezansi nasenhla.
I-Shamanism iyindlela endala kunazo zonke ezingokomoya zesintu, okuyinto, ngokusho kwedatha yemivubukulo, yenziwe iminyaka engu-70. Lena akuyona inkolo, kodwa indlela yokusungula uxhumano lwe-transpersonal nezwe langaphakathi elingokomoya (astral). AmaShaman abheka ukugula njengokungazwani kumuntu ngamandla namazinga omoya. Uma kungaxazululwanga, ukungalingani kungaholela ekuguleni ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo. I-shaman "inxusa" engxenyeni yamandla yesifo, yenza indlela eya ezweni lezinkanyezi noma ezweni lemimoya - okungokoqobo okufana nomzimba.
Ngokungafani neminye imithi engcwele, i-ayahuasca iyingxube yezitshalo ezimbili - ayahuasca iwayini (Banisteriopsis caapi) nokunye amaqabunga e-chacruna (I-Psychotria viridis). Zombili izitshalo zivunwa ehlathini, lapho zenza khona umuthi ovula ukufinyelela ezweni lemimoya. Ukuthi ama-shaman ase-Amazon aqhamuka kanjani nenhlanganisela enjalo kuseyimpicabadala, ngoba kunezitshalo ezivuthuluka ezingaba ngu-80 emahlathini ase-Amazon.
Uma sikhuluma ngamakhemikhali, amaqabunga e-chacruna aqukethe i-psychotropic dimethyltryptamine enamandla. Ngokwayo, into ethathwe ngomlomo ayisebenzi, ngoba igaywa esiswini yi-enzyme i-monoamine oxidase (MAO). Kodwa-ke, amanye amakhemikhali aku-ayahuasca ane-harmine-like MAO inhibitors, okubangela ukuthi i-enzyme ingadli inhlanganisela ye-psychoactive. Ngakho-ke, i-harmine - efana ngamakhemikhali nama-tryptamine ephilayo ebuchosheni bethu - ijikeleza egazini iye ebuchosheni, lapho idala imibono ecacile futhi ivumela ukufinyelela kweminye imihlaba kanye nokuzifihla kwethu, okungaqondakali.
Ngokwesiko, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ayahuasca emikhubeni yase-Amazonian kukhawulelwe kubelaphi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lesi siphuzo asinikezwanga noma yimuphi umuntu ogulayo ofike emcimbini ukuze axilongwe futhi alashwe. Ngosizo lwe-ayahuasca, abelaphi baqaphela amandla abhubhisayo angathinti kuphela umuntu ngokwakhe, kodwa futhi isizwe sisonke. Lesi sitshalo sasetshenziselwa ezinye izinjongo: ukusiza ukwenza izinqumo ezibalulekile; cela iseluleko emimoyeni; ukuxazulula izingxabano zomuntu siqu (phakathi kwemindeni nezizwe); chaza isenzakalo esiyimfihlakalo noma ukweba okwenzekile; thola ukuthi umuntu unazo yini izitha; thola ukuthi umngane womshado uthembekile yini.
Eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, abantu abaningi abavela kwamanye amazwe kanye nabantu base-Amazon baye bahlanganyela emikhosini eholwa izinyanga ezinekhono ukuze bathole izimbangela zezifo nokungalingani. Eqinisweni, lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuphulukiswa kuba phakathi komlaphi, imimoya yezitshalo, isiguli kanye “nodokotela” wakhe wangaphakathi. Umlutha wotshwala uthatha umthwalo wemfanelo womuntu siqu ngezinkinga ezazifihlwe lapho equlekile futhi eziholela ekuvinjweni kwamandla - ngokuvamile umthombo oyinhloko wokugula nokungalingani kwengqondo-ngokomzwelo. Isiphuzo se-Ayahuasca sihlanza umzimba wezibungu nezinye izimuncagazi ezishisayo. Izikelemu zibhujiswa ama-alkaloid eqembu le-harmala. Ngesikhathi sokwamukela kuyadingeka isikhathi esithile (okungcono kakhulu) ukugwema amaphuzu alandelayo: Noma yikuphi othintana nabobulili obuhlukile, kuhlanganise nokuthinta okulula, akuvunyelwe ngesikhathi sokulungiselela ukuthatha umuthi. Lokhu kuyimfuneko yomphumela wokuphulukisa we-ayahuasca. Obunye bobunzima obuyinhloko ekuhlanganiseni i-ayahuasca ekwelashweni kwezokwelapha eNtshonalanga ukuhlukaniswa nokuphelela kanye nemvelo yalokhu kwakamuva. Ukuzilapha nge-ayahuasca ngaphandle kokuba khona nokugadwa komelaphi onolwazi akunconywa. Ukuphepha, izinga lokuphulukisa, kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphelele kuleli cala akuqinisekisiwe.