Okuqukethwe
Incazelo
Uwoyela weSoybean wawaziwa endodeni eminyakeni engama-6,000 edlule. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqizwa kwayo buqale kahle eChina yasendulo, futhi noma kunjalo abantu babazi kahle ngezindawo eziwusizo zosoya. E-China, ubhontshisi wobhontshisi wawuthathwa njengesitshalo esingcwele, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana waqala ukulinywa eKorea, bese kuba eziqhingini zaseJapan.
EYurophu, isoya lathola ukuthandwa ngo-soy sauce, elalingeniswa lisuka eJapane, lapho lalibizwa khona ngokuthi “se: yu”, okusho ukuthi “usoso wesoya”. Ngenxa yezimpawu zayo ezihlukile, uwoyela kabhontshisi njengamanje ungenye yezindawo ezidume kakhulu emazweni afana ne-United States, China namanye.
I-raw material yayo iyikhambi lonyaka (lat. Glycine max), elinywa emazweni angaphezu kuka-60 emhlabeni jikelele. Ingenye yezimbewu zikawoyela ezichichima kakhulu kanye nemidumba futhi isetshenziswa njengempahla eluhlaza ezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo yokudla.
Ukuthandwa kukabhontshisi wesoya kungenxa yephesenti eliphezulu lamaprotheni nezakhamzimba, elivumela ukuthi lisetshenziswe njengento engabizi futhi ephelele esikhundleni senyama nemikhiqizo yobisi.
Amafutha kasoya acindezelwe abandayo anombala ogqamile wotshani ophuzi, iphunga elithile. Ngemuva kokucwengwa, iba sobala, ngombala opinki ongabonakali.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza uwoyela weSoybean
Njengempahla eluhlaza, kuhlanzwa kahle kuphela, ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokutheleleka kwefungal, kusetshenziswa ubhontshisi ovuthiwe, osayizi. Esinye sezinkomba ezibalulekile zamakhemikhali ekukhetheni imbewu ukushintshwa kwenombolo ye-asidi kawoyela we-kernel.
Ukukhula kwayo ngaphezu kwe-2 mg KOH kuholela ekwehleni kokuhlushwa kwamaprotheni angcolile. Esinye isibonakaliso esibalulekile umswakama wembewu, okungafanele weqe amaphesenti ayi-10-13, anciphisa ubungozi bokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-microflora ye-pathogenic, kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwengxenye yamaprotheni.
Ukuba khona kokungcola kuvunyelwe - kungabi ngaphezu kwamaphesenti ama-2, kanye nembewu ebhujisiwe - engekho ngaphezulu kwamaphesenti ayi-10.
Kusetshenziswa izindlela ezimbili ukwehlukanisa uwoyela nembewu:
- ukukhipha (amakhemikhali);
- ngokucindezela (ngomshini).
Indlela yemishini yokukhipha uwoyela inezinzuzo ezithile, ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine ngokuphelele impahla yemvelo yomkhiqizo, uqinisekise ubungani bayo nokuphepha kwayo. Emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, uwoyela otholakala ngokukhishwa kwamakhemikhali awusetshenziswanga ukukhiqiza u-margarine noma uwoyela wesaladi.
Indlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokwenza umshini ukucindezela okushisayo okukodwa, okuveza amaphesenti angama-85 kawoyela onephunga elimnandi nombala omkhulu. Ukucindezela okushisayo okulandelwa ukucindezela kabusha kungasetshenziselwa ukuthola u-oyela ofinyelela kuma-92%.
Indlela ejwayelekile yokukhipha ukucindezela kuqala, okubandakanya ukuhlukaniswa ngokwengxenye kukawoyela ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwamakhemikhali. Ikhekhe elitholwe ngale ndlela lichotshoziwe futhi lithunyelwe ekuchotshozweni, ngemuva kwalokho libhekiswa ekukhishweni, okwenziwa kusetshenziswa izincibilikisi eziphilayo.
Ukugcina uwoyela isikhathi eside futhi ungagugi, uyahlanzeka futhi uyacwengisiswa.
Usetshenziswa kuphi uwoyela wesoya?
Uwoyela weSoya ngumkhiqizo wemvelo onobungani nemvelo, okuthi, lapho ukhona njalo ekudleni komuntu, kube nomthelela omuhle emsebenzini wawo wonke umzimba. Ihluka ngokugayeka okuhle (amaphesenti angama-98-100). Isetshenziswa kakhulu kwi-cosmetology njenge-moisturizer yesikhumba esibucayi nesomile.
Kuthuthukisa ukulondolozwa komswakama esikhunjeni, kwakha umgoqo ebusweni bawo ovikela ezintweni ezimbi zangaphandle. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwamafutha kabhontshisi kusiza ukuvuselela isikhumba, kusenze siqine futhi sibushelelezi, sikuvumela ukuthi ususe imibimbi emincane. Kukhona uwoyela ocindezelwe abandayo (ucindezelwe uluhlaza), ocwengisisiwe nongachazwanga.
Owokuqala uthathwa njengowusizo kakhulu, ngoba ubuchwepheshe bokuphotha bukuvumela ukuthi ugcine ubuningi bezinto eziwusizo. Inokunambitheka nephunga elithile, ngakho-ke akubona bonke abantu abazoyithanda. Amafutha angachazwanga anempilo eshalofini ende, engenxa yezinqubo ze-hydration, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ibuye igcine izakhamzimba eziningi.
Inothile nge-lecithin, ngakho-ke kuyasiza ukujwayela ukusebenza kobuchopho. Kuyisiko ukwengeza kumasaladi, kepha ukuthosa kuwo akunconywa ngenxa yokwakheka kwezinto ezibanga umdlavuza lapho kufudunyezwa. Okucwengekile akunaphunga futhi kunambitheka kahle.
Ingasetshenziswa ezifundweni zokuqala nezesibili, gazinga imifino kuso. Kuyinto ehlukile kwamanye amafutha, kodwa ambalwa kakhulu amavithamini agcinwa kuyo.
Ukwakhiwa kukawoyela weSoybean
Ukwakhiwa kuhlanganisa izinto ezilandelayo ezizuzisayo:
- i-linoleic acid engafakwanga;
- i-linoleic acid (omega-3);
- i-oleic acid;
- i-palmitic ne-stearic acid.
Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kawoyela wesoya yi-lecithin, ejwayele ukusebenza kwezingqamuzana zeseli, inikela ngokuvikelwa ezingeni lamaselula emathonyeni ahlukahlukene amabi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhiqizo uqukethe ama-phytosterol ngobuningi obanele (asiza ukunciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-cholesterol emkhakheni wokugaya ukudla), B amavithamini, E, K, zinc, iron. Okuqukethwe kwekhalori kuka-100 g womkhiqizo kungu-884 kcal.
Izinzuzo zikawoyela weSoybean
Izakhiwo ezizuzisayo zamafutha e-soya zivezwa kakhulu emikhiqizweni ebandayo, ethandwa kakhulu. Ngokwezincomo zodokotela, amafutha e-soya kufanele abe khona ekudleni komuntu nsuku zonke. Umphumela onenzuzo wamafutha umi kanje:
- ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba nezinzwa;
- ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kwezifo zesistimu yenhliziyo, isibindi, izinso;
- ukujwayelekile kwepheshana lesisu, izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni;
- kunomphumela omuhle ebuchosheni;
- kuvusa ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda emadodeni.
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi izipuni eziyi-1-2 nsuku zonke zinganciphisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yizifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi izikhathi eziyisithupha. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-lecithin, uwoyela kabhontshisi unomphumela omuhle ekusebenzeni kobuchopho. Inani elikhulu le-choline, i-acid egcwele futhi engagcwalisiwe, amavithamini namaminerali anquma ikhono layo lokuhlinzeka ngomphumela wokuvimbela nokwelapha ezifweni zohlelo lwezinhliziyo, isibindi nezinso.
Ukusebenza kwayo kufakazelwe ukwelashwa nokuvinjelwa komdlavuza, amasosha omzimba kanye ne-genitourinary system, njll.
Izimo
Uwoyela weSoybean cishe awunakho ukuphikisana kokusetshenziswa. Ukuqapha kufanele kusetshenziswe kuphela ngokungabekezelelani kwamaprotheni wesoya, kanye nokuthambekela kokukhuluphala, ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa.
Ungawuzwa ngokugcwele umphumela onenzuzo kawoyela we-soya kuphela lapho usebenzisa imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu, impahla eluhlaza okuyimbewu ekhethwe ngokukhethekile egcinwe ezimeni ezifanele, kanye nemishini yesimanje kanye nobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa ukukhama uwoyela.
Omunye wabakhiqizi abahamba phambili base-our country bamafutha e-soya kanye nemikhiqizo evela kubhontshisi yinkampani ye-Agroholding, kungenzeka ukuthenga uwoyela we-soya ngentengo yomkhiqizi e-our country, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo eqinisekiswa yizitifiketi ezifanele.