Izici eziyingozi zezinkinga zenhliziyo, izifo zenhliziyo (i-angina nesifo senhliziyo)

Izici eziyingozi zezinkinga zenhliziyo, izifo zenhliziyo (i-angina nesifo senhliziyo)

The imikhuba yokuphila zixhunyaniswe ngokuseduze impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ngokusho kweWorld Health Organisation, i- umsoco ongalungile, ukungabikho kokuzivocavoca umzimba futhi ukubhema abangela cishe u-80% wezinkinga zenhliziyo kanye nokushaywa unhlangothi2.

Isifundo Interheart3, olwenziwa ngo-2004, luhlala luwuphawu olubalulekile kubasebenzi bezempilo. Imininingwane ivela emazweni angama-52 emazwenikazi ama-5, kubahlanganyeli abangaba ngu-30. Imiphumela yakhona ikhomba lokho 9 izici (Izici eziyingozi ezi-6 kanye nezici ezivikelayo ze-3) zibikezela i-90% ye-myocardial infarction emadodeni kanye ne-94% kwabesifazane. Lolu cwaningo lwagqamisa umthelela obalulekile we ukucindezeleka okungapheli empilweni yenhliziyo.

Isifundo 6 izinto eziyingozi :

  • hypercholesterolemia: ingozi ephakeme izikhathi ezi-4;
  • ukubhema: ingozi izikhathi ezi-3 ngaphezulu;
  • isifo sikashukela: ingozi izikhathi ezi-3 ngaphezulu;
  • umfutho wegazi ophakeme: ingozi ephakeme izikhathi ezingu-2,5;
  • le ukucindezeleka okungapheli (ukucindezeleka, ukucindezeleka kochwepheshe, izinkinga zobudlelwane, izinkathazo zezezimali, njll.): ingozi izikhathi ezingu-2,5 ngaphezulu;
  • un okhalo oluphakeme (ukukhuluphala kwesisu): ingozi izikhathi ezingu-2,2 ngaphezulu.

Izinto ezi-3 ezisebenzayo a umphumela wokuvikela :

  • ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwe izithelo nemifino;
  • ukusetshenziswa okusesilinganisweni kweutshwala (okulingana nesiphuzo esingu-1 ngosuku kwabesifazane no-2 kwabesilisa);
  • umkhuba ojwayelekile weukuzivocavoca umzimba.

Qaphela ukuthi ukubaluleka okuhlobene kwalezi zici zobungozi kuyahluka kuye ngomuntu ngamunye, kanye nakumazwe ngamazwe.

Ezinye izici eziyingozi

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kumuntu osengozini54

Ukuhamba komgwaqo (ingcindezi nokungcoliswa komoya)

Umzamo ongokomzimba

Ukuphuza utshwala

Ukusetshenziswa kwekhofi

Ukuchayeka ekungcoleni komoya

Imizwa engemihle (intukuthelo, ukukhungatheka, ingcindezi, njll.)

Isidlo esikhulu

Imizwa emihle (injabulo, umdlandla, injabulo, njll.)

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine *

Umsebenzi wezocansi

* Lesi isibhamu esinamandla kakhulu.

Ukungcola komkhathi. Yize ososayensi bebenentshisekelo enkulu kuyo kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, kusenzima ukukala umphumela.12, 27,41-43. Ukungcoliswa komoya kwadala ukufa kwabantu abangaba ngu-21 ngaphambi kwesikhathi eCanada ngo-000, ngokusho kweHeart and Stroke Foundation.41. Cishe ingxenye yawo yayiyokwenzeka ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, unhlangothi noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Ikakhulukazi abantu kakade esengozini yezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi abazwelayo kuyo. Ngokocwaningo olukhulu lwaseBrithani olwanyatheliswa ngo-2008, abantu abahlala ezindaweni eziluhlaza kakhulu (amapaki, izihlahla, njll.) banezinga lokufa eliphansi (ngo-6%) kunalabo abahlala ezindaweni ezinohlaza oluncane kakhulu.27.

Lona kanye izinhlayiya ezinhle ezilenga emoyeni (ikakhulukazi lezo ezinobubanzi obungaphansi kwama-micrometer angu-2,5) zingena emgudwini wokuphefumula futhi zibangele impendulo yokuvuvukala kuyo yonke inhlangano42. Lezi zinhlayiya ze-ultrafine zidala ukuqina kwemithambo, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ijikeleze igazi kancane.

Ugwayi kagwayi. Ucwaningo lwe-epidemiological lubonisa ukuthi ukuchayeka njalo entuthuni kagwayi kagwayi kagwayi kwandisa ingozi yokuba nesifo senhliziyo, esiqhathaniswa nesomuntu obhemayo “olula”.7,44.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubeke umkhondo? Angiqiniseki kangako.

Zihlukahlukene ukuhlolwa kwegazi zathuthukiswa ngethemba lokubikezela kangcono ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuhlala kuncane; aziyona ingxenye yezivivinyo ezijwayelekile. Odokotela aba-3 okwaxoxwa nabo (okuhlanganisa nodokotela wenhliziyo)51 kholwani ukuthi laba ukuhlolwa akudingekile, ngaphezu kokuba eqolo. Umbono wabo ubonisa imiphumela yocwaningo lwakamuva kakhulu. Nazi ezinye izincazelo.

Izinga eliphezulu le-C-reactive protein. I-C-reactive protein ingenye yama-molecule amaningi akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuphendula komzimba okuvuvukala. Ifihliwe ngu isibindi futhi ijikeleze egazini. Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukugxila kwayo kuyanda kubantu abasengozini yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo futhi kuhlala kuphansi kubantu abanempilo9,10, ucwaningo olukhulu lwaphetha ngokuthi ukunciphisa izinga le-C-reactive protein akuzange kunciphise ukufa50. Qaphela ukuthi izinkinga zempilo ezimbalwa zenza izinga le-C-reactive protein egazini lihluke (ukukhuluphala, isifo samathambo, ukutheleleka, njll.). Ngakho-ke, umphumela walokhu kuhlolwa kunzima ukuwuhumusha.

Izinga eliphezulu le-fibrinogen. Le enye iphrotheni ekhiqizwa isibindi idlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni ukugcwala kwegazi. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi izinga eliphezulu le-fibrinogen lingaba nomthelela ekwakhekeni kwe amahlule igazi, okungagcina kubangele isifo senhliziyo noma unhlangothi. Njengeprotheni ye-C-reactive, izinga layo liyakhuphuka ngesikhathi sokusabela kokuvuvukala. Isilinganiso sezinga le-fibrinogen sisetshenziswa kakhulu eYurophu. Lokhu kuhlola, nokho, akuzange kufakazelwe.

Izinga eliphezulu le-homocysteine. Kukholakala ukuthi uma le amino acid itholakala ekugxiliseni kakhulu egazini, amathuba okuhlushwa isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi anda. Izicubu zisebenzisa i-homocysteine ​​​​ukwakha amaprotheni. Unganciphisa izinga le-homocysteine ​​​​ngokuqiniseka ukuthi udla ukudla okuqukethe inani elanele lamavithamini B6, B9 (folic acid) no-B12.9. Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo nemifino kunomphumela omuhle kumazinga e-homocysteine ​​​​. Kodwa-ke, ukwehlisa izinga le-homocysteine ​​​​akunawo umthelela ekufeni.

 

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