Okuqukethwe
Ezinyangeni zasebusika, ikholomu ethi "Ukushisa" ezikweletini ibonakala ihlaba umxhwele kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho amamitha okushisa eqala ukwethulwa Ezweni Lethu, abaningi bakhipha umoya - ngaphambi kwalokho, wonke umuntu wayekhokha ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso. Kodwa kwavela ukuthi ukufakwa kwamamitha okushisa akuyona i-panacea.
- Ngokungafani namamitha kagesi namanzi, anamadivayisi okulinganisa amandla ashisayo, yonke into yaphenduka yaba inkimbinkimbi. Lokhu akuzange kucace ngokushesha, kodwa ngemva kweminyaka eminingana yokusabalalisa kwawo ngobuningi. Kwaze kwafika lapho ngisho uMnyango Wezokwakha wabiza ukuba kuyekwe ukufakwa kwalezi zinsimbi. Kodwa lolu hlelo alusekelwanga eminye iminyango. Ngakho-ke, manje amamitha okushisa ayaqhubeka esetshenziswa futhi afakwe, nakuba kunezikhala ezanele zomthetho kule ngxenye, - kusho owayeyinhloko yenkampani yokuphatha u-Olga Kruchinina.
Ukufaka amamitha okushisa, ekuboneni kuqala, kubonakala njengesixazululo esilula nesinengqondo. Eqinisweni, ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, yonke into iyinkimbinkimbi.
Njengoba ubona, kunama-nuances amaningi azungeze amamitha okushisa. Kusenzima ukubiza ubuchwepheshe buphelele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abanikazi bamafulethi anamamitha anjalo bayadingeka ukusevisa amadivaysi. Sikutshela ukuthi ungawashintsha kanjani amamitha okushisa ngo-2022.
Inqubo yokushintsha amamitha okushisa
Isikhathi
Imitha yokushisa yesimanje isebenza iminyaka eyi-10-15. Imininingwane enemininingwane iseshidini ledatha yomkhiqizo. Uma uthenge ifulethi esakhiweni esisha, kodwa idokhumenti ayizange inikezwe wena, hlola ulwazi nenkampani yakho yokuphatha noma inhlangano yenethiwekhi yokushisisa ephethe ukushisa endaweni yangakini.
Ngokungeziwe empilweni yesevisi, amamitha okushisa anesikhathi sokulinganisa okuphakathi. Kumadivayisi ahlukene, isukela eminyakeni emi-4 kuye kweyisi-6. Uchwepheshe uhlola ukusebenza kocingo abese eshintsha ibhethri, uma lisocingweni. Inkinga ngokuqinisekiswa ukuthi akukwazi ukwenziwa ekhaya. Isakhiwo siyahlakazwa futhi siyiswe elabhorethri ye-metrological. Isevisi ayishibhile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqinisekiswa kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle kwenkathi yokushisa.
Igama lokushintsha imitha yokushisa nalo lavela uma idivayisi yehlulekile. Yayeka ukusebenza, ayikwazanga ukuphumelela ekuqinisekiseni, noma izigxivizo zadatshulwa.
“Ngemva kokwazisa inkampani yabaphathi noma inhlangano yenethiwekhi yokushisisa ukuthi idivayisi inephutha, unezinsuku ezingama-30 zokuyishintsha,” kuphawula. Olga Kruchina.
I-Timetable
Njengoba isibopho sokushintsha amamitha okushisa sikumnikazi wekhaya ngokuphelele, ishejuli lapha ngeyomuntu ngamunye - kuye ngokuthi idivayisi igcine nini ukufakwa noma yathathwa ukuze iqinisekiswe.
Ukuhlelwa Kwemibhalo
Amadokhumenti ayinhloko lapho ushintsha imitha yokushisa yipasipoti yedivayisi (ifakwe ebhokisini) kanye nesenzo sokugunyazwa, esidwetshwa yinkampani yokuphatha. Uma ukufakwa kwenziwa yinhlangano yezinkampani zangaphandle, kungase kudingeke esinye isenzo esivela kuchwepheshe wayo. Leli phuzu kufanele licaciswe nenkampani yakho yokuphatha.
Ungaya kuphi ukufaka amamitha okushisa
Kunezinketho ezimbili.
- inkampani yakho yokuphatha. Uma enochwepheshe ofanele, khona-ke ngenkokhelo ungammema ukuthi ashintshe imitha yokushisa. Ukuze uthole imininingwane, sicela uthinte i-reception noma igumbi lokulawula le-Criminal Code.
- Xhumana nenhlangano ezimele egunyazwe lolu hlobo lomsebenzi.
Anjani ukushintshwa kwamamitha okushisa
Isaziso senkampani yokuphatha mayelana nedivayisi enephutha
Uma uqiniseka ukuthi kuyadingeka ukushintsha amamitha okushisa, bika lokhu enhlanganweni yokuphatha noma amanethiwekhi okushisa. Ngokomthetho, izinsuku ezimbili zokusebenza ngaphambi kokuqala kokufakwa kwedivayisi entsha, i-Criminal Code kumele yazi ngalokhu.
Usesho lwabaculi
Ngokomthetho, awukwazi ukushintsha imitha yokushisa uwedwa. Kufanele umeme uchwepheshe onelayisensi. Umthetho uphinde unqume ukuthi ukuchithwa kwemitha yokushisa kufanele kwenzeke phambi kommeleli we-Criminal Code. Nokho, lo mthetho awugcinwa ngokuqinile.
Ukuthengwa kwedivayisi entsha nokufaka
Lokhu kuwubuchwepheshe kuphela. Amadivayisi athengiswa ezitolo zehadiwe naku-inthanethi. Ukushintsha imitha yokushisa kuthatha cishe ihora.
Ukudweba isenzo sokugunyaza nokubeka uphawu
Lokhu kwenziwa inkampani yokuphatha noma amanethiwekhi okushisa endawo. Uchwepheshe uvela komunye wabo futhi uhlola ukuthi idivayisi ifakwe kahle yini. Ngemva kwalokho, uzokhipha isenzo sokuthuma ngamakhophi amabili, elinye lawo elisele kuwe. Futhi, inkosi evela ku-Criminal Code ivala imitha yokushisa.
Kubiza malini ukushintsha amamitha okushisa
Intengo yamamitha okushisa emishini - elula kakhulu - iqala kuma-ruble angama-3500, i-ultrasonic - isuka kuma-ruble angama-5000. Ngomsebenzi bangathatha kusuka kuma-ruble angama-2000 kuye kwangama-6000. Lapho uthenga idivayisi, qiniseka ukuthi ubala ukushisa ngama-gigacalories. Amanye amathuluzi acabangela ama-megawatt, ama-joules noma ama-kilowatt. Kulokhu, kuzodingeka uhlale ne-calculator njalo ngenyanga futhi uguqule yonke into ibe ama-gigacalories ukuze udlulise ukufundwa.