Ukucubungula amakhowe ngemva kokuvuna
Amakhowe avezwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukuze aqede ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye ubuthi bawo, ukunambitheka okubabayo noma iphunga elibi. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukucubungula okunjalo kuphazamisa izinga lokudla okunempilo kwamakhowe, futhi kwenza buthaka iphunga nokunambitha kwawo. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ithuba elinjalo, kungcono ukungawabilisi nhlobo amakhowe, kodwa ukuwathosa ngendlela yawo yemvelo, entsha. Lokhu kungenzeka ngama-chanterelles, amakhowe, ama-champignon, amakhowe, amakhowe ehlobo kanye nama-autumn amancane, kanye nemigqa eminingi ne-russula. Ake sisho nakakhulu: ezinye izinhlobo zamakhowe ziba yi-viscous ngemva kokubilisa. Lokhu kwenzeka, ngokwesibonelo, ngamakepisi anendandatho, ama-chanterelles, kanye nemilenze ye-boletus ne-boletus. Lezi zici kufanelekile ukwazi lapho ulungiselela izitsha zamakhowe.
Kodwa ngamanye amakhowe, ukupheka kubalulekile. Kufanele sidele ukudla okunomsoco ukuze sincibilikise izinto eziyingozi emanzini. Lawa makhowe ahlanganisa: i-volnushki (ebomvu nemhlophe), enye i-russula (i-brittle ne-pungent), imigqa evamile, amakhowe obisi (amnyama nokuphuzi). Badinga ukubiliswa cishe imizuzu engu-15-30, bese uqiniseka ukuthi uthele umhluzi. Ukunambitheka okubabayo kwamanye amakhowe (amakhowe, ama-lactifers, i-serushki, amakhowe obisi, ama-bitters, ama-fiddlers, kanye nabanye abakhulumayo kanye ne-russula) kukhishwa ukupheka kwesikhashana (imizuzu engu-5-15 yanele). Kodwa ngokuvamile akusizi ukupheka i-fungus ye-gall - ukufutheka ngeke kuphele.
Isigaba sokuqala - processing primary of amakhowe. Iqukethe izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilandelanayo:
1) Hlunga. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhowe azifani nje ngokunambitheka, kodwa futhi nobuchwepheshe bokupheka. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlunga ngaphambilini akulimazi nhlobo. Isibonelo, ungahlukanisa amakhowe adinga ukubiliswa kulawo angaphonswa epanini elisha. Ukwenza kube lula ukucubungula amakhowe, kunconywa ukuwahlela abe yinqwaba, kuye ngosayizi.
2) Hlanza imfucumfucu. Kanye namakhowe, siletha amaqabunga, izinaliti, izingcezu ze-moss namahlumela avela ehlathini anamathele ezigqokweni nasemilenzeni. Yonke le mfucumfucu engenakudliwa, yebo, kufanele isuswe - ichithwe ngommese wasekhishini noma ihlanzwe kahle ngendwangu ehlanzekile. Kufanele uqaphele ikakhulukazi ngamakhowe ahlelelwe ukuba omiswe ebusika. Lapha ungakwazi ukuhlanza yonke indawo ye-mushroom ngebhulashi, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukugoqa okukodwa.
3) Hlanza ngommese. Ezinye izingxenye zekhowa azifanele neze ukudla. Kumele zisikwe ngokucophelela ngommese ukuze zingafaki impilo yakho engozini. Lezi, isibonelo, zonke izindawo ezithambile, ezilimele noma ezimnyama. Uma i-mushroom indala, khona-ke ingaphakathi le-cap kufanele lisuswe. Kwamanye amakhowe, kunconywa ukusika umlenze ukuze isidlo singabi yi-viscous. Futhi ekupheleni kwebhotela ne-russula, bahlanza isigqoko - lapho isikhumba siba slimy futhi sibaba ngesikhathi sokupheka.
4) Hlanza ngamanzi agelezayo. Isikhathi sokugeza amakhowe kufanele sibe mfushane ukuze kungonakalisi ukunambitheka kwalo mkhiqizo. Uma uhlela ukuthosa amakhowe, khona-ke kwanele ukuwagcoba ngamanzi abandayo. Ukomisa amakhowe awawashwa nhlobo. Zonke ezinye izindlela zokucubungula zibandakanya ukugeza okusheshayo emanzini abandayo nokuncika emuva ku-colander ukukhipha uketshezi oluningi engilazini. Ngalezi zinhloso, ngendlela, i-sieve noma ibhodi elehlelayo ngaphandle kwama-recesses kanye ne-depressions nayo ifanelekile. Amanye amakhowe anendawo engalingani; uthuli nesihlabathi kuvame ukuqoqana emiphethweni yazo. Lawa ama-hedgehogs, imigqa, ama-morel nabanye. Ngokwemvelo, izinhlobo ezinjalo zidinga ukugezwa isikhathi eside ukuze kukhishwe yonke imfucumfucu. Yiqiniso, ochwepheshe bathi namanje ngeke ukhiphe isihlabathi ngokuphelele ngamanzi alula, futhi batusa ukubilisa amakhowe emanzini abilayo imizuzu emihlanu, bese ukhipha amanzi bese uhlanza ku-colander.
5) Gcoba. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kukhishwe amanothi ababayo noma anosawoti kumakhowe ngokunambitha. Kulesi simo, kunconywa ukushintsha amanzi kanye ngehora ukuze izinto eziyingozi zihambe ngokushesha. Ukucwiliswa emanzini kusiza futhi ukubuyisela amakhowe omisiwe kumswakama wawo wasekuqaleni. Amanzi anjalo angasetshenziswa njengesisekelo somhluzi wamakhowe.
6) Sika. Lokhu kuyadingeka kumakhowe amakhulu angakwazi ukuphekwa aphelele. Abantu abaningi bahlukanisa ama-caps emilenzeni futhi bawapheke ngokwehlukana ukuze benze isidlo noma ukudla okusemathinini embizeni kubonakale kukhangayo. Isigqoko sinqunywe ngenani elilinganayo lezingxenye (ezimbili, ezine, eziyisithupha - konke kuncike ngobukhulu). Umlenze unqunywa ngokucophelela, uqiniseke ukuthi izingcezu azijiki kakhulu.
II isigaba - ukucubungula (okushisayo) kwamakhowe okulandelayo. Kufaka phakathi izinketho ezimbalwa ongakhetha kuzo:
1) Ukubilisa. Bilisa amanzi kuqala, engeza usawoti ekunambithekeni kwakho bese ubeka amakhowe. Igwebu elakhiwe ngesikhathi sokupheka kumele lisuswe. Bilisa amakhowe cishe imizuzu engu-15-30. Umkhiqizo ophelile uphonswa ku-colander noma upholile emanzini abandayo.
2) Ukubilisa. Ekuqaleni, amakhowe afakwa emanzini abandayo anosawoti futhi alethwe ngamathumba ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokushesha ngemva kokubilisa, izitsha zikhishwa esitofini. Amakhowe angapholiswa kancane kancane emanzini afanayo lapho abilisiwe khona, noma athululwe ngamanzi abandayo. Uma amakhowe esepholile, kufanele afakwe esikhwameni sendwangu noma esisefweni ukuze asuse noma yimuphi umswakama osele. Amakhowe awakwazi ukucindezelwa: ngale ndlela, kanye namanzi, izinto eziwusizo nazo zishiya umkhiqizo ngokungenakuphikiswa.
3) Ukushisa (noma i-blanching). Okokuqala, amakhowe ahlanzwa kahle, abese efakwa kusihlungo noma ku-colander futhi afafazwe ngamanzi ashisayo kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, yehliswa kancane emanzini abilayo (ungayibamba phezu kwebhodwe lamanzi abilayo). I-Blanching iyindlela esheshayo yokwelapha ukushisa. Ngemuva kwalokho, amakhowe awaphuli, okubaluleke kakhulu uma uzofaka usawoti noma uwafake. Njengomthetho, amakhowe noma i-russula eneflethi noma isigqoko esikhulu nje singaphansi kokushiswa.
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