Pleurisy

Incazelo jikelele yalesi sifo

Lesi yisifo samaphaphu esibonakala ngenqubo yokuvuvukala kwezingqimba ze-pleural. Ulwelwesi olubushelelezi lwe-serous. Nge-pleurisy, i-effusion inganqwabelana emgodini we-pleural noma ukumbondelana kwe-fibrous kungakha. I-Pleurisy ingahle ikhulise inkambo yezifo ezahlukahlukene emkhakheni we-pulmonology, i-cardiology, i-oncology, i-rheumatology. Ngokwezibalo, lesi sifo sitholakala kaningi emadodeni asekhulile naphakathi nendawo.

Uma umuntu ephefumula, igobolondo eliphindwe kabili nelincane elimboza amaphaphu nendawo yesifuba lihlangana ngezingqimba. Lokhu ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga ngoba iyashelela futhi ayidali ukungqubuzana. Kodwa ngokuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka kwalesi sicubu, kuvela ukucasuka nokuvuvukala, okuvusa imizwa ebuhlungu engathandeki. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-pleurisy.

Izimbangela ze-pleurisy

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane kuyimbangela evame kakhulu ye-pleurisy. Ezinye izimbangela ze-pleurisy yilezi:

• inyumoniya yegciwane;
• isifo sofuba;
• izilonda zesifuba;
• i-bronchitis;
• ukuphuka kwezimbambo;
• ukulimala odongeni lwesifuba;
• izimila esifubeni noma emaphashini;
• amahlule egazini emithanjeni yamaphaphu, ebizwa nangokuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwamaphaphu;
• ukuphazamiseka kwamasosha omzimba njenge-systemic lupus erythematosus ne-rheumatoid arthritis;
• i-sickle cell anemia;
• i-pancreatitis - isimo lapho amanyikwe evutha;
• izinkinga zokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo;
• umdlavuza wamaphaphu;
• i-lymphoma;
• ukutheleleka kwefungal noma i-parasitic;
• ukuhogela amakhemikhali noma izinto ezinobuthi, ukuvezwa kwezinye izinto zokuhlanza ezifana ne-ammonia;
• izicubu zomlomo: mesothelioma noma i-sarcoma;
• ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;
• i-pneumothorax - umoya esikhaleni sokuncenga esivela ngokuzenzekelayo noma kusuka ekuhlukumezeni;
• ukuthatha imithi ethile.

Izimpawu zePleurisy

Uphawu oluyinhloko oluhambisana ne-pleurisy ubuhlungu obubukhali lapho uphefumula. Inganyamalala lapho umuntu ebamba umoya noma efaka ingcindezi endaweni ebuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, ubuhlungu buvame ukuba nzima kakhulu ngokuthimula, ukukhwehlela, noma ukunyakaza. Imfiva, ukugodola nokuphelelwa isifiso sokudla nakho kungezimpawu ezikhona, ngokuya ngesimo esibangela i-pleurisy.

Izimpawu ezengeziwe ze-pleurisy zifaka:

• ubuhlungu ohlangothini olulodwa lwesifuba;
• ubuhlungu emahlombe nasemhlane;
• ukuphefumula okungajulile ukugwema ukuzwa ubuhlungu;
• ikhanda;
• ubuhlungu emalungeni nasemisipha;
• ukuphelelwa umoya.

I-Pleurisy ingahambisana nenqwaba yoketshezi ebeka ingcindezi emaphashini futhi ibavimbele ekusebenzeni kahle. Le nqubo ibizwa ukuvela kokugcotshwa… Uketshezi ekuqaleni lungasebenza njengomcamelo, lubangele ukunyamalala kobuhlungu besifuba. Kepha ekugcineni, umuntu one-effusion uhlangabezana nokuphefumula okuncane lapho inani loketshezi landa. Imfiva, ukubanda nokukhwehlela okwomile kungenzeka futhi. Lezi zimpawu zingaba wuphawu lokutheleleka kuluketshezi kanye neqoqo lobovu ku-pleura elibizwa i-empyema.

Izinhlobo ze-pleurisy

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-pleurisy: eyomile (imicu) futhi Okumanzi (exudative). Nge-pleurisy eyomile, kuvame kakhulu ukuthi izicubu zomlomo ezivuthayo zihlikihle ngqo komunye nomunye. Nge-pleurisy enomswakama, uketshezi luyangena esikhunjeni esivuthayo luye esikhaleni esiphakathi kwamaphaphu nodonga lwesifuba. Kungaqinisa amaphaphu, kwenze kube nzima ukuphefumula futhi kubangele ukungaphatheki kahle kumuntu.

Zombili lezi zinhlobo ze-pleurisy zivame ukwenzeka njengezinkinga zezifo zokuphefumula ezifana ne-pneumonia, ukutheleleka ngegciwane kanye nesifo sofuba, futhi kungenzeka zikhule kubantu abasengozini yokungenwa yilezi zifo. Zingabangelwa yisimila noma ukulimala esifubeni.

Izinkinga ze-pleurisy

Ezimweni eziningi, i-pleurisy ayizibangeli izinkinga ngemuva kokuphathwa kwesizathu esiyimbangela. Kodwa-ke, ezinye iziguli zingaba nezinkinga. Okuvame kakhulu kubhalwe ngezansi.

Ukuchithwa kwe-Pleural - Lokhu ukunqwabelana koketshezi phakathi kwe-pleura. Zingadalwa ukukhiqizwa oketshezi okweqile noma ukugeleza oketshezi okungalungile. Lapho uketshezi lwanda, ingcindezi emaphashini idala ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ne-cyanosis (ukushintsha kombala okuluhlaza kwesikhumba noma ulwelwesi lwamafinyila ngenxa yokwehliswa kokuphakelwa komoya-mpilo egazini).

Iphaphu eliwile: Ukuhlinzwa nge-Thoracic, uma kwenziwa ngokungalungile, kungadala ukuthi iphaphu linciphise. Isikhala sesifuba sigcwele umoya futhi sivimbela ukudluliselwa okujwayelekile komoya-mpilo egazini. Elinye igama lalesi simo yi-pneumothorax.

I-Pleural fibrosis: akuvamile kepha kungenzeka ngenxa yokuvuvukala noma ukuvezwa kwe-asbestos. Lokhu ukuqina kwe-pleura okubangela ukusebenza kwamaphaphu okungasebenzi kahle nokuphazamiseka. Ngokuzayo, kungasusa ezinye izinkinga zempilo.

Ukuvimbela i-pleurisy

Njengoba i-pleurisy ivame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka, kunzima ukuyivimba. Ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza komzimba wakho futhi kunciphise nengozi yokutheleleka.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ezinye izifo, ezinjenge-lupus nesifo sofuba, nazo zingadala i-pleurisy. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhona abanjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzigcina zilawulwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izivivinyo njalo nokufuna usizo ngesikhathi esifanele lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala nezimpawu zokugula.

Enye indlela yokuvimbela i-pleurisy ukugoma. Ukugonywa kunganciphisa amathuba okuthola izifo ezingaholela ekuphakameni. Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane unconywa minyaka yonke.

Kuyalulekwa futhi ukuyeka ukubhema. Intuthu iyacasula emaphashini futhi yenza i-pleurisy ibe yimbi kakhulu. Ukugwema intuthu kagwayi kuzosiza futhi ekunciphiseni ukuvezwa kwamaphaphu ezintweni ezicasulayo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-pleurisy

Into eza kuqala kuqala ekuhloleni i-pleurisy ukuthola indawo nembangela yokuvuvukala noma i-edema. Udokotela wenza ukuhlolwa kwezempilo futhi ulalela umlando wezokwelapha, izikhalazo zesiguli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unikeza isifundo esisodwa noma eziningi ezibalwe.

1. 1 I-X-ray yesifuba kuzovumela udokotela ukuthi abone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala emaphashini. Futhi, i-X-ray yesifuba ingathathwa ngenkathi isiguli silele ngohlangothi ukubheka ukuqongelela koketshezi endaweni yamaphaphu.
2. 2 Ukuhlolwa kwegazi - kusiza ukuthola ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukutheleleka emzimbeni. Futhi nokusungula ukuthi yini eyicasulile, uma ngabe itholakele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuzobonisa ukuthi ngabe umuntu unokwejwayelekile yini ekusebenzeni kwamasosha omzimba.
3. 3 I-Pleurocentesis - inqubo lapho kufakwa khona inaliti endaweni yesifuba. Ngale ndlela, kuthathwa oketshezi uketshezi ukuze kuhlolwe izifo. Ngecala elijwayelekile le-pleurisy, ukuxilongwa okunjalo akuvamile ukubekwa.
4. 4 I-tomography ebaliwe - ukuze uphenye ngokuningiliziwe noma ikuphi ukungajwayelekile okutholakala esifubeni i-x-ray, udokotela anganikeza i-tomography. Izithombe ze-CT zakha umbono oningiliziwe wangaphakathi kwe-pleura. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abhekisise izicubu ezicasukile.
5. 5 US - nge-ultrasound, amagagasi omsindo aphakeme kakhulu akha isithombe sengaphakathi lesikhala sesifuba. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abone ukuthi kukhona ukuvuvukala noma ukwakheka koketshezi emaphashini.
6. 6 Biopsy - Le nqubo iyasiza ekunqumeni imbangela ye-pleurisy. I-pleura ungqimba lolwelwesi oluzungeze amaphaphu. Ngesikhathi senqubo, udokotela uzokwenza ukusikeka okuncane esikhunjeni sodonga lwesifuba. Ube esesebenzisa inaliti ukuthatha isampula elincane lezicubu zomlomo. Lesi sicubu bese sithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze sihlolelwe ukutheleleka, umdlavuza noma isifo sofuba.
7. 7 I-Thoracoscopy - Ngesikhathi se-thoracoscopy, udokotela wenza ukusikeka okuncane esifubeni bese efaka ikhamera encane enamathiselwe kwipayipi esikhaleni sobuningi. Ikhamera isetshenziselwa ukuthola indawo ecasukile bese ithatha isampula lezicubu ukuyoyihlaziya.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Pleurisy emithini esemthethweni

Lapho nje udokotela esekhomba umthombo wokuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka, angakhetha ukwelashwa okufanele. Ukuphumula kuyisithako esibalulekile ekusizeni umzimba ukuthi ululame. Izindlela zokwelashwa ezivame kakhulu zifaka:

• ama-antibiotics ukulwa nokutheleleka kwamagciwane;
• ukusetshenziswa kokunciphisa izinhlungu, kanye nezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala;
• ukudambisa izinhlungu kadokotela;
• imithi yokusiza ukusula amahlule egazi noma uqoqwa lwamapayipi namafinyila
• ukuphathwa kwama-bronchodilators nge-metered-dose inhalers, njengalawo asetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-asthma.

Uma isiguli sinamanzi amaningi emaphashini (ama-pleural effusions), cishe bazokwelulekwa okwesikhashana ukuba bahlale esibhedlela futhi bafakwe ithubhu lokuhambisa amanzi.

Qaphela!

Abaphathi abanacala nganoma yimuphi umzamo wokusebenzisa imininingwane oyinikiwe, futhi akuqinisekisi ukuthi ngeke ikulimaze wena uqobo. Izinto zokwakha azinakusetshenziselwa ukunquma ukwelashwa nokwenza ukuxilongwa. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho onguchwepheshe!