izinhlobo ze-pike

I-Pike iyisilwane esizingelayo esidume kakhulu nesisabalele, esaziwayo kuwo wonke amazwekazi asenyakatho nenkabazwe. Izinhlobo ze-Pike zihluke kakhulu, abanye abameleli bahlala ezindaweni ezithile kuphela, kanti abanye batholakala eNyakatho Melika nase-Eurasia.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-pike ezikhona

Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-pike, iningi lazo linabantu abanele, kodwa kunezinhlobonhlobo ezivikelwe ngumthetho wamazwe abahlala kuwo. Okuvame kakhulu futhi owaziwa kakhulu yi-predator evamile, kuyilapho ezinye zingavamile, ngakho-ke akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ngazo.

Wonke ama-pike ahlanganiswe izici ezithile zangaphandle, phakathi kwazo okuyizi:

• ikhala elide;
• umzimba omise okwe-torpedo noma owenziwe nge-cone;
• ukubona indawo yonke, okuhlukile kuzoba yi-albino;
• indawo ye-fins nayo izokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubona i-pike ezinhlanzi ezibanjwe;
• ubuzimu, okungukuthi, ukudla izihlobo zabo kuyisici sazo zonke izinhlobo zalesi silwane esizingelayo;
• umugqa wamazinyo abukhali asongelwe ngaphakathi atholakala kuphela ku-pike.

Imincintiswano ivame ukubanjelwa ukubamba ama-pike, kodwa akuzona zonke izinhlobo ezibanjwayo. Ezinye azikhuli kakhulu, ngakho azinasithakazelo kuleli cala. ENyakatho Melika, kukhona uhlobo lwe-pike olune-caviar enobuthi, futhi inyama ayimnandi kakhulu futhi ayinalo inani, yingakho inani labantu liningi kakhulu.

Okulandelayo, sizohlala ngokuningiliziwe ngezici eziyinhloko zazo zonke izinhlobo zama-pikes ezaziwayo.

Izinhlobo ze-Pike

Manje ngokusemthethweni kunezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa zama-pikes, kodwa enye futhi ihlale iphikisana. Bahlala kokubili emachibini anamanzi amile, futhi eduze kwemifula eminingi emikhulu nemincane yeNyakatho Nenkabazwe yeplanethi enguMhlaba. Zonke izinhlobo zinezici ezivamile kanye nokwahlukana okuningi, futhi sizoqhubeka nokufunda ngazo.

Okuvamile

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-toothy predator yi-pike evamile. Itholakala cishe kuwo wonke amachibi amanzi ahlanzekile eYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, olwandle lwase-Aral kanye nasemifuleni nasemachibini aseSiberia. Ngobude, umuntu omdala angafinyelela imitha eyodwa nengxenye, futhi isisindo ngezinye izikhathi sidlula 10 kg, kodwa ngokwesilinganiso asinayo ngaphezu kuka-8 kg.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezilwane ezizingelayo: utshani nokujulile. Umbala womzimba ungahluka, kuya ngendawo yokuhlala yezinhlanzi. Lolu hlobo lungaba nombala:

• grey eluhlaza;
• nsundu;
• grey-yellow.

Kulokhu, isisu sizohlala silula.

Ekondlekeni, okujwayelekile akakhethi, akadeleli lutho endaweni yakhe. Ingahlula ngisho nezizwe zakubo ezincane ngaphandle konembeza.

Fry ukuhlala emhlambini isikhathi esithile, abantu abadala bakhetha ukuphila bodwa. Bancamela ukuma emahlathini nasezihlahleni futhi babheke abangaba izisulu abavela lapho.

pike emnyama

Lolu hlobo lubizwa nangokuthi i-pike enemigqa, luhlala endaweni yokugcina amanzi empumalanga yeNyakatho Melika. Izici zesici zezinhlobo yilezi:

• usayizi omncane, ku-dyne ifinyelela kuphela ku-60 cm ubukhulu, kodwa isisindo singaba ngu-4 kg;
• ihluke ku-pike evamile ngemivimbo emnyama ngaphezu kwamehlo;
• ikhala le-pike elimnyama lifushane kunawo wonke umndeni;
• iphethini yayo yemvelo kanye ne-mosaic ezinhlangothini, ifana nemigqa noma izixhumanisi.

Ukudla kuzohluka futhi, umhlaseli uthanda ukudla ama-invertebrates nama-crustaceans amancane. Ngokuhlala, ukhetha amadamu anezimila eziningi.

Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwe-pike emnyama kufinyelelwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene, ngokuvamile iminyaka engu-1-4. Ukuzalanisa, insikazi ngayinye izodinga ipheya yabesilisa. Ngesinye isikhathi, izalela amaqanda ayizinkulungwane eziyisi-6 kuye kweziyi-8.

I-Amur pike

Igama liyazikhulumela, indawo yokuhlala futhi lanikeza igama lezinhlobo. I-Amur itholakala ku-Amur basin, kanye nakwamanye amachibi aseSakhalin.

Izici ze-Amur pike yilezi:

• umbala we-silvery noma wegolide wezikali;
• amabala amnyama emzimbeni ophezulu;
• usayizi omdala kufika ku-115 cm;
• isisindo esiphezulu esibhalisiwe 20 kg.

Ama-anglers angenalwazi ngokuvamile adidanisa i-Amur pike ne-taimen, isimo somzimba wabo nombala kufana kakhulu.

I-pike yaseMelika

Izinhlobo zezilwane ziyahluka kuma-congeners ngekhala elifushanisiwe kanye nosayizi omncane wabantu abadala. Isikhathi sokuphila siyiminyaka eyi-10 kuphela, ubude obujwayelekile bungama-35-45 cm nesisindo esingaba ngu-1-1,5 kg.

Lolu hlobo lubizwa nangokuthi i-pike ebomvu, inezinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi:

• i-redfin esenyakatho;
• herbal yaseningizimu.

Ihlala engxenyeni esempumalanga yeNyakatho Melika, izizwa inethezeke kakhulu emadamini anezinga eliphezulu lolwelwe, futhi ikhetha amadamu anamanzi amile.

I-Maskinong

I-toothy predator yathola igama elingavamile elivela kumaNdiya, ngolimi lwabo yile ndlela "i-pike embi" ezwakala ngayo. Izindawo zayo zokuhlala zilinganiselwe, zingatholakala kuphela eNyakatho Melika futhi noma kunjalo hhayi kaningi.

Ngokungafani ne-pike yaseMelika, i-maskingong iphila iminyaka engaba ngu-30, kuyilapho ingakhula ibe cishe amamitha amabili. Isisindo esiphezulu esirekhodiwe senhlanzi sasingaphezu kuka-40 kg, kodwa kuvunyelwe ukuyithatha lapho ubamba okungaphezu kuka-20 kg.

Eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala, uyondla ngenkuthalo futhi akhule ngobude, bese le nqubo iyama. Ukuthambekela okudliwayo ekudleni kubonisa ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. I-Maskinong inezinhlobo ezintathu ezingaphansi, izici zazo zihlukile komunye nomunye.

Zonke i-subspecies zizohlanganiswa ngokuba khona kwamaphuzu ayisikhombisa ezinzwa emhlathini ongezansi.

Yilolu hlobo lwe-pike oluvela ezwenikazi laseNyakatho Melika olubhekwa njenge-giant; abantu be-masquenong bathathwa njengabakhulu phakathi kwabamele ama-pike.

South

I-pike yase-Italy noma eyaseningizimu yathola "ukuzimela" hhayi esikhathini eside esidlule, yahlukaniswa nejwayelekile kuphela ngo-2011. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kuzo zonke izincwadi zokubhekisela nama-encyclopedias, kwakubhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezivamile.

Indawo yokuhlala yasiza umhlaseli ukuba athole igama lesibili; ungayithola kuphela emanzini ahlanzekile e-Italy. Uma kungenjalo, enye eseningizimu ifana ngokuphelele ne-pike evamile.

Aquitaine

Ummeleli omncane we-pike, wachazwa njengezinhlobo ezihlukene kuphela ngo-2014. Isici salolu hlobo siyindawo elinganiselwe kakhulu, ingatholakala kuphela emanzini ahlanzekile aseFrance.

Okwamanje, lezi zonke izinhlobo ezibhaliswe ngokusemthethweni zezilwane ezizingelayo. Ososayensi basaphikisana ngomunye, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi i-hybrid ye-pike ejwayelekile kanye ne-massnong kufanele ihlukaniswe ngokwehlukana. Abanye bagcizelela ukuthi laba bantu abakwazi ukuzalana bodwa, ngakho-ke abanakwenziwa uhlobo oluhlukile.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-pike nezinye izinhlanzi

Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-pikes kusitshele ngomehluko phakathi kwezilwane ezidla ezinye. Futhi nezinye izakhamuzi zaleli chibi, futhi, kukhona umehluko. I-Pike ihlukaniswa kwezinye izinhlanzi ngokuthi:

• amazinyo abukhali asongelwe ngaphakathi, angashiyi ithuba lokuba inyamazane ibaleke;
• indawo ye-dorsal fin, iseduze nomsila, futhi ngezansi kwayo kulula ukuthola i-anal fin;
• amaphiko e-pectoral atholakala eduze kwekhanda, amaphiko e-pelvic phakathi nomzimba;
• Ungakwazi ukubona i-pike ngezikali ezincane.

Yilezi zici ezihlukanisa umhlali onamazinyo echibini kwezinye izakhamuzi zakhona.

Sikwazile ukuthola zonke izinhlobo zama-pike eziseplanethini yethu futhi aziwa isintu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lesi silwane esizingelayo abadobi abavame ukufuna ukusibona njengendondo. Siyethemba ukuthi ulwazi olutholiwe luzosiza ukuqaphela indebe ebanjwe.