Ingane yami ayizithandi izibalo, ngenzenjani?

[Buyekeza Mashi 15, 2021]

Amakhono amahle okufunda angasiza ukuba uphumelele ezibalweni (phakathi kwezinye izinto)

Izindawo zobuchopho ezicindezelwayo ngesikhathi sokufunda nazo zisebenza ngesikhathi seminye imisebenzi ebonakala ingahlobene, njengezibalo, ngokusho kocwaningo olusha. Njengebhonasi, amathiphu ethu nezeluleko zokwenza ingane yakho yazi ngalesi sifundo esibalulekile sesikole sayo.

Uma ingane yakho inenkinga ngezibalo, ungayinikeza usizo… ngokuyisiza ukuba ithuthuke ekufundeni. Uma lo musho uphikisana nokuqonda, nokho isiphetho esingathathwa ngokufunda imiphumela yocwaningo olusha lwesayensi, olushicilelwe ngoFebhuwari 12, 2021 kujenali "Imingcele ku-Computational Neuroscience".

Konke kwaqala ngomsebenzi we-dyslexia oholwa umcwaningi uChristopher McNorgan, osebenza emnyangweni wezengqondo eNyuvesi yaseBuffalo (e-United States). Wakuthola lokho izindawo zobuchopho ezinomthwalo wemfanelo wokufunda nazo zazisebenza ngesikhathi semisebenzi ebonakala ingahlobene, njengokwenza izivivinyo zezibalo.

« Lezi zinto engizitholile zangiqeda amandla UChristopher McNorgan uphawule esitatimendeni. “ Bathuthukisa ukubaluleka nokubaluleka kolwazi lokufunda nokubhala ngokubonisa ukuthi ukufunda ngokushelelayo kufinyelela kanjani kuzo zonke izizinda, ziqondise ukuthi senza kanjani eminye imisebenzi futhi sixazulule ezinye izinkinga ”, wanezela.

Lapha, umcwaningi ukwazile ukuhlonza i-dyslexia kuma-94% wamacala, kungaba yiqembu lezingane ezifunda noma izibalo, kodwa imodeli yakhe yokuhlola iveze ngaphezu kwakho konke lokho. ukulinganisa ubuchopho ukuze kufundwe nakho kube nendima okufanele iyidlale lapho wenza izibalo.

« Le miphumela ibonisa ukuthi indlela ubuchopho bethu obuxhumeke ngayo ukuze bufundwe empeleni bunomthelela endleleni ubuchopho obusebenza ngayo ngezibalo », Kusho umcwaningi. “ Lokhu kusho ukuthi amakhono akho okufunda anomthelela endleleni obhekana ngayo nezinkinga kwezinye izindawo, futhi asisize siqonde kangcono [kwenzekani] ngezingane ezinokukhubazeka ekufundeni ekufundeni nasezibaloni. ", Wachaza kabanzi.

Ngososayensi, ngakho-ke, manje sekufakazelwe ngokwesayensi ukuthi iqiniso le gxila ekufundeni ukufunda kuzoba nemiphumela engaphezulu kakhulu kokuthuthukisa amakhono olimi.

Izibalo, kusukela enkulisa kuya ku-CE1

Sikhuluma “ngezibalo” kuphela kusukela ebangeni lokuqala. Ngoba enkulisa, izinhlelo ezisemthethweni zibheka ukuthi izibalo ziyingxenye enkulu ebizwa ngokuthi "ukutholwa komhlaba" okuhloswe, njengoba igama layo liphakamisa, ukwenza izingane zilawule futhi zithole imiqondo, kodwa zibe zihlezi ngemuva. ukhonkolo. Isibonelo, umqondo wokuphinda kabili usetshenzwa kusukela esigabeni esikhulu, kuze kufike ku-CE1. Kodwa enkulisa, umgomo wengane ukunikeza izinkukhu imilenze, khona-ke onogwaja: inkukhu idinga imilenze emibili, izinkukhu ezimbili zinemilenze emine, bese kuthi izinkukhu ezintathu? Ku-CP, sibuyela kuyo, ngamaqoqo ezinkanyezi edayisi aboniswe ebhodini: uma u-5 + 5 engu-10, bese u-5 + 6 engu-5 + 5 neyunithi eyodwa ngaphezulu. Sekuvele kubonakale kancane, ngoba ingane ayisaphathi idayisi ngokwayo. Bese sakha amatafula ukuze sifunde: 2 + 2, 4 + 4, njll. Ku-CE1, siqhubekela ezinombolweni ezinkulu (12 + 12, 24 + 24). Izisekelo okuzobe kusekelwe kuzo zonke izifundo ezibekwa phakathi kwesigaba esikhulu ne-CP, kubalulekile ukuthi ungayivumeli ingane ukuba ingene esibukweni esifiphele sokuthi "akuqondwa ngempela", kuyilapho ukhumbula kahle ukuthi ukufunda nakho kuncike. ekuvuthweni kwengane, nokuthi asikwazi ukujaha izinto egameni lezinga elikhona kuphela ezingqondweni zabazali abakhathazekile ngempumelelo yezemfundo yomshana noma umakhelwane ...

Izihluthulelo zokuhlonza ingane esebunzimeni

“Ukuba muhle ezibalweni” kuzoba nencazelo kusukela ku-CE2 kuye phambili. Ngaphambili, esingakusho nje ukuthi ingane inazo, noma ayinazo, izinsiza zokungena ekufundeni ukubala (ukwazi ukubala) kanye ne-arithmetic. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezingathethelela ukuphatha, kumnandi kodwa okujwayelekile, ekhaya. Esokuqala sithi ulwazi oluphansi lwezinombolo. Ingane engazazi izinombolo zayo ezingaphezu kuka-15 ngoSuku Lwabangcwele Bonke e-CP isengozini yokulahlwa. Isibonakaliso sesibili ngumntwana owenqaba ukwehluleka. Ngokwesibonelo, uma engafuni ukubala iminwe yakhe ngoba ezizwa enjengomntwana (ngokungazelele wenza iphutha engakwazi ukuzilungisa), noma uma, lapho simbonisa ukuthi unephutha, abanjwe ukuthukuthela. Kodwa izibalo, njengokufunda, ukufunda ngokwenza amaphutha! Umkhondo wesithathu yingane okuthi lapho ibuzwa ngokusobala (“2 no-2 ukuthi yimalini”) iphendule noma yini kuyilapho ibonakala ilindele isisombululo kumuntu omdala. Nalapha futhi, kufanele aziswe ukuthi izimpendulo ezinikezwa ngokungahleliwe azimvumeli ukubala. Ekugcineni, kukhona ukungabi nobuvila nokuqeqeshwa : ingane eyenza iphutha ibala ngesihloko somunwe ngoba ingazi ukuthi iwubekephi umunwe.

Ukubala, itshe eliyinhloko lokufunda

Amachashazi amabili amnyama lapho izingane ezisebunzimeni zizoslayida khona ziyisibalo kanye nokubala. Ngamafuphi: ukwazi ukubala nokubala. Konke lokhu ngokusobala kufundwa ekilasini. Kodwa akukho lutho oluvimbela ukuhlakulela lawa makhono ekhaya, ikakhulukazi ukubala, okungadingi noma iyiphi inqubo yokufundisa. Kusukela esigabeni esikhulu, bala kusukela enombolweni (8) bese ume kwenye ehleliwe kusengaphambili (okuhlosiwe, njenge-27) kuwukuzivocavoca okuhle. Ngezingane ezimbalwa, kunikeza umdlalo wenombolo eqalekisiweyo: sidweba inombolo (isibonelo kuma-chips e-lotto). Siyifunda ngokuzwakalayo: iyinombolo eqalekisiweyo. Bese sibala, ngamunye esho inombolo ngokushintshana, futhi noma ubani ophimisa inombolo eqalekisiweyo ulahlekile. Ukubala wehle (12, 11, 10), ukubuyela emuva kokukodwa noma ukuya phambili, ukusuka ku-CP, nakho kuyasiza. Amathephu edijithali enziwe aselungile angatholakala kuwebhu: phrinta eyodwa ukusuka ku-0 kuye ku-40 futhi uyinamathisele ekamelweni lengane, ngomugqa oqondile. Qaphela, kufanele ibe noziro, futhi izinombolo kufanele zibe “à la française”; u-7 unebha, u-1 naye, qaphela u-4! Iphrinte nge-wholesale: izinombolo ziphakeme ngo-5cm. Khona-ke ingane ifaka imibala ebhokisini lamashumi, kodwa ingazi igama: ifaka umbala ebhokisini ngalinye eliza ngemva kwenombolo egcina ngo-9, yilokho kuphela. Akukho okukuvimbela ekufakeni amanothi e-Post-it izibalo ezibalulekile : iminyaka yengane, umama, njll., kodwa ngaphandle kokufaka imibala emabhokisini.

Imidlalo ezungeze itheyiphu yedijithali

Umndeni waya ehlathini, sacosha ama-chestnut. Malini ? Esigabeni esikhulu, sibeka eyodwa kusikwele ngasinye somugqa, sizijwayeza ukwazi ukuthi ifundwa kanjani inombolo. Kwa-CP, ngo-December senza amaphakethe angu-10 futhi siwabale. Ngokuphambene, umuntu omdala ufunda inombolo, enganeni ayikhombise eteyipini. Izimfumbe nazo ziwusizo: “Ngicabanga ukuthi inombolo encane kuno-20 egcina ngo-9” ingenzeka kusukela kuSuku Lwabangcwele Bonke. Omunye umdlalo: “Vula incwadi yakho ekhasini 39”. Okokugcina, ukukhuthaza ingane, singamcela, kuwo wonke amaholide amafushane njengesibonelo, ukuba afunde i-tape ngekhanda, ngokusemandleni akhe futhi ngaphandle kokwenza iphutha. Nokubeka ikhesa enombala enombolweni efinyelelwe, egqamisa inqubekelaphambili yakhe. Ekupheleni kwesigaba esikhulu, lo msebenzi unikeza izinombolo phakathi kuka-15 no-40, futhi ku-CP abafundi bafinyelela ku-15/20 ekuqaleni konyaka, 40/50 ngoDisemba, iziqephu ezisuka ku-60 ziye ku-70 bese zisuka ku-80 ziye ku-90. ukuba nonya ikakhulukazi ngesiFulentshi ngenxa yokuphindaphinda "amashumi ayisithupha" kanye "namashumi ayisishiyagalombili" ezinombolweni 70 kanye ne-90.

Imidlalo yokubala

Umgomo lapha awukona ukuthi ingane yakho yengeze ibhili yekholomu: isikole sikhona ngalokho futhi sizokwazi ukuthi sikwenza kanjani kangcono kunawe. Nokho, ukuzenzekelayo kwezinqubo kubalulekile. Ngakho-ke uMama angathanda ukubeka eceleni izinkinobho zekhithi yakhe yokuthunga: yini okufanele ngiyenze? Kusuka ku-CP, ingane "izopakisha". Ungakwazi futhi ukudlala umthengisi, futhi wenze amakhomishini akhokhwe ngezinhlamvu zemali zangempela, ezikhuthaza kakhulu ingane, kusukela ngenyanga ka-March ku-CP. I-banknote engu-5 euro, yenza malini ngezinhlamvu zemali ka-1? Iziphicaphicwano nazo zisebenza kahle: Nginamaswidi ama-2 ebhokisini (uwabonise), engeza angu-5 (wenze phambi kwengane, bese umcela ukuba acabange ukuze angabe esazibala ngamunye ngamunye. candies falling in the ibhokisi), bangaki enginabo manje? Kuthiwani uma ngikhipha ezintathu? Faka futhi ingane ekuphekeni izindlela zokupheka: ukhonkolo kanye nomdlalo kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuba ingane ingene kwizibalo. Kanjalo, kukhona nemidlalo emihle ye-lotto, ehlanganisa ukufunda okulula kwezinombolo ezinezengezo ezincane, ezilula, ezinamazinga ahlukene obunzima.

Funda izibalo ngekhanda, indlela evame ukukhohlwa

Ayikho imfihlakalo: izibalo nazo zingafundwa ngekhanda. Amathebula okuhlanganisa, abonakala ebangeni lokuqala, azobonwa futhi abuyekezwe, ukubhalwa kwezinombolo kufanele kucace ngokushesha okukhulu (bangaki abantwana ababhala o-4 njengomshini wokubhala ezibadidanisa no-7…) . Kodwa-ke, wonke lawa ma-automatism angatholwa kuphela ngokuzijwayeza, njengopiyano!