I-Meringue noma i-meringue: izindlela zokupheka, umlando namaqiniso athakazelisayo

IMeringue ingabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuthi indida yokupheka - ingumkhiqizo olula kakhulu we-confectionery ovela ezingxenyeni ezimbili kuphela (amaprotheni noshukela), iyakwazi ukubukeka njengesibiliboco sangempela. Futhi kwesinye isikhathi kudinga amakhono amakhulu okupheka, kanye nolwazi lwenombolo enkulu yama-nuances. Okuthunyelwe kwezivakashi kwanamuhla okuvela kuphrojekthi ye-Manif TV kuveza okuthile okuzothakazelisa futhi kube wusizo kubo bonke abathandi abathandekayo.

Imeringue noma i-meringue?

IMeringue ingabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuthi indida yokupheka - ingumkhiqizo olula kakhulu we-confectionery ovela ezingxenyeni ezimbili kuphela (amaprotheni noshukela), iyakwazi ukubukeka njengesibiliboco sangempela. Futhi kwesinye isikhathi kudinga amakhono amakhulu okupheka, kanye nolwazi lwenombolo enkulu yama-nuances. Okuthunyelwe kwezivakashi kwanamuhla okuvela kuphrojekthi ye-Manif TV kuveza okuthile okuzothakazelisa futhi kube wusizo kubo bonke abathandi abathandekayo.

Kunombono wokuthi i-meringue ne-meringue akuyona into efanayo. Ngokwalo mbono, i-meringue ukhilimu weqanda owenziwe ngabamhlophe abaphehliwe ngoshukela, kanti i-meringue ingumkhiqizo ocwebile owenziwe nge-meringue ngendlela ethile. Ukuthi lo mbono usemthethweni noma cha kuyindaba yengxoxo eseceleni. Ngokuqhubekayo esihlokweni, igama elithi "meringue" lizosho ncamashi ukhilimu wamaprotheni, futhi igama elithi meringue - elibhakabhaka.

Igama elifanayo elithi "meringue" (fr. Baiser) lafika kithi livela olimini lwesiFulentshi, futhi lihunyushwa ngokuthi "ukwanga". Umsuka wegama elithi "meringue" awucaci kangako. Ngokusho kwenguqulo eyodwa, ibuye ivela olimini lwesiFulentshi, oluqhamuka esiJalimane, okuyilelo elivela egameni lomuzi waseSwitzerland iMeiringen (iJalimane Meiringen), lapho umuthi waqanjwa kuqala futhi wabhakwa umpheki khekhe uGasparini. Idethi yokubukeka - ikhulu le-XVII.

Njengezinye izinto eziningi eziqanjiwe, i-meringue yazalwa ngengozi - uGasparini wake wathatheka ngokushaya amaprotheni aze aphenduka amagwebu apholile. Njengoba lo mnumzane wayethanda izivivinyo zokupheka, yena, ngaphandle kokungabaza, wathumela igwebu kuhhavini. Umphumela waba ikhekhe elimnandi elathola ngokushesha ukuthandwa phakathi kwezikhulu zendawo, futhi phakathi kwabantu abavamile.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMXth, iresiphi ye-meringue ngendlela esetshenziswa ngayo namuhla ivele encwadini yokupheka yompheki odumile uFrançois Massialo.

Kukhona inguqulo yokuthi uMassialo wakha le recipe eyedwa, ukuze angalahli amaqanda abamhlophe, obekuvame ukungadingeki. Futhi wethula igama elithi "meringue" lisetshenziswe. Ukuthi uzenzele le recipe ngokwakhe noma uthembele kokuhlangenwe nakho kukazakwabo waseSwitzerland akwaziwa. Kodwa-ke, iqiniso lokuthi i-meringue isheshe yathola ukuthandwa ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo nokusebenziseka kalula kokwenza iqiniso.

Ukupheka kweMeringue

Kunezindlela zokupheka ezintathu ze-meringue:

• IsiFulentshi (lesi esasijwayele)
• Swiss
• Italian

Imithetho ejwayelekile yokwenza ama-meringue

• Isitsha lapho amaqanda ashaywa khona kufanele somile ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwamaconsi amanzi namanoni. Ithonsi elilodwa nje lamanzi elihlanyayo elisele ezinhlangothini zepani zokushaya amaqanda - futhi ungakhohlwa ngogwebu olujiyile, olumiyo. Noma igwebu licishe lishaye, isiraphu ewuketshezi izoqongelela ezansi, ivimbele amaprotheni ekushayweni yizintaba ezicijile (lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi amagwebu acishe amile).
• Ushukela kufanele wengezwe kuphela ngemuva kokuthi abamhlophe beshaywe ngegwebu elikhanyayo - uma kungenjalo, umphumela ofanayo ungabonakala sengathi kunamaconsi omswakama noma amafutha ezindongeni zesitsha. Okuhlukile yi-meringue yaseSwitzerland.

Hlukanisa abamhlophe bamaqanda kuzikhupha, bese ushaya abamhlophe baze baqine kancane. Bese uqhubeka nokushaya kuze kube yigwebu elimile, elimile, kancane kancane ungeze ushukela. Cindezela u-meringue wanoma yikuphi ukwakheka kusuka ku-meringue eqediwe, uwubeke ephepheni bese uwuthumela kuhhavini, osushise ngaphambi kwamazinga angama-100-110 degrees. Shiya umnyango wehhavini ujwayelekile ngenkathi ubhaka. Ngemuva kwamahora amabili kuya kwamathathu, susa iqabunga kuhhavini ne-voila - unama-meringue amnandi aphambi kwakho.

Ungangeza ikhofi ku-meringue ukuze uyinike umthunzi omuhle nokunambitheka okuyinkimbinkimbi: ngokungafani ne-cocoa, ayiwanciphisi amaprotheni. Akudingekile ukusula ama-meringue nhlobo - ngemuva kokupholisa, basusa isikhumba ngokwabo. Lungisa isitsha esinamanzi ashisayo, bese ubeka isitsha kuwo sokushaya amaqanda.

Thela abamhlophe beqanda noshukela oluyimpuphu enkomishini, bese ushaya. Okucacile kwale ndlela ukuthi wonke ushukela ungangezwa kuma-protein ngasikhathi sinye. Ngemuva kokuthola igwebu eliqinile, elilinganayo, cindezela ama-meringues kulo, bese ulithumela kuhhavini elishiswe ngamadigri ayi-100-110. IBezet inkulu kakhulu futhi iyajiya kunesitayela esijwayelekile saseSwitzerland, futhi ithambekele ekumiseni ngokushesha. Izibungu ezivela kuwo zingabhakwa ngehora, noma ngisho nangaphansi, futhi zibe lukhuni ngaphandle, zizohlala zithambile ngaphakathi.

I-meringue yaseSwitzerland iyanwebeka futhi igcina ukwakheka kwayo kahle. Ukusuka kuyo ungenza ama-meringue ngamaphethini ahlotshisiwe angeke asabalale futhi angazukuguga. Abanye abapheki babeka amanzi okugeza esitofu bese beshaya khona lapho, kepha asikukhuthazi ukwenza lokhu, ngoba amanzi angashisa kalula esitofu. Ukushisa kwamanzi okushisa akufanele kudlule ama-42-43 degrees. I-meringue yesitayela sase-Italy ilula ngempela futhi inomoya. Ukuyilungisa, qala uthele ushukela epanini, bese umboza ngamanzi, ulethe ingxube emathunjini bese uyipheka kuze kube yilapho ushukela uncibilika bese ingxube iba nkulu kancane.

Bese ususa isiraphu kusuka kusishisi. Shayela abamhlophe ube yigwebu elime kancane, bese uthela isiraphu eshisayo kulo kancane kakhulu emfudlaneni omncane (akufanele libe nesikhathi sokuphola kakhulu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, akufanele libile). Uma uthela isiraphu, shaya isisindo ngamandla size sikhule ngokuphelele. Ezikhathini zokuqala, kungabonakala sengathi ingxube iyamanzi kakhulu futhi ngeke ishaye nakancane - ungayeki lo mbono, ngoba ngokuphikelela okufanele, i-meringue ishaywa ngempumelelo enkulu. Kusuka kokhilimu onjalo, ungenza ama-meringue alula ancibilike emlonyeni wakho (abhakwe ngendlela efanayo nezinhlobo ezimbili zangaphambilini).

Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuyisebenzisela ukumboza amakhekhe, ngoba ayomi isikhathi eside futhi ayikhiphi, ngokungafani nozakwabo baseFrance nabaseSwitzerland.

• Ngisho ithonsi elilodwa lesikhuphasha lizobeka isiphambano esinonile egwebu elijiyile. Ukuvimbela lokhu, ungasebenzisa lobu buqili: phula iqanda emaphethelweni womabili - umhlophe uzozihambela wodwa, futhi isikhuphasha sizohlala eqandeni. Amaprotheni asele angasuswa ngokuhlephula iqanda eliphukile ngobude. Futhi uma ithonsi le-yolk noma kunjalo lingena kusisindo samaprotheni, lingakhishwa ngokuliphenya ngegobolondo leqanda.
• I-Merengi iyomiswa esikhundleni sokubhakwa. Kungakho, kuyo yonke inqubo yokupheka, ihhavini kufanele ligcinwe livulekile kancane (1-1,5 cm). Kuhhavini elivaliwe, ama-meringue azohlala ethambile (ngenxa yokoma okungaphelele) futhi angavutha.
• Akufanele usebenzise ushukela oluyimpuphu oshaywayo ukushaya amaprotheni - kufanele ulungiselelwe okusha nje. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umphumela uzofana nendima yokuqala, ngoba ushukela oluyimpuphu ngemuva kwesikhathi esifushane ligcwele umswakama, uwumunca emoyeni.

• Gcina ama-meringue esitsheni esivaliwe noma esikhwameni esiboshwe ngokuqinile, kungenjalo azomunca umswakama emoyeni bese ethambisa. Kodwa-ke, kunephuzu elithandekayo - uma ukwazi ukubeka ama-meringue athambile kancane esitsheni esivaliwe isikhashana, azobuyisa ukuqina kwawo nokoma kwawo. Kuliqiniso, ngama-meringue, athambiswa ngezinga elikhulu, inani elinjalo ngeke lisebenze.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo nge-merengue

Uhlobo lomdanso waseLatin American lubizwa nangokuthi iMerengoy. Futhi kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi isigqi salo mdanso sifana kakhulu nesigqi somxube oxebula abamhlophe. E-tsarist Russia, esikhundleni segama elithi "meringue", kwasetshenziswa igama elithi "umoya waseSpain". Kwakukholelwa ukuthi ukukhanya nokugquma kwazo kufana nomoya ofudumele wasehlobo.

Esimweni sezulu esomile esinomswakama ophansi, kulula kakhulu ukushaya amaqanda abe yigwebu elimile, elimile kunomswakama ophakeme. Ukuvumelana kokhilimu weqanda kuzoba kukhulu ngokweqile ngaphandle kokufakwa kwengcosana kasawoti noma i-citric acid. I-meringue enkulu kunazo zonke yabhakwa ngo-1985 edolobheni laseFrutal (Switzerland).

Kuthathe i-120 kg kashukela namaqanda ayi-2500 ukuyenza. Ubude be-meringue egcina amarekhodi babungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-100, kanti isisindo sayo sasingaphezu kwama-200 kg. Ukuyibhaka, kwakhiwa ihhavini elehlukile, futhi imeringue enjalo yanikezwa ngamalitha angama-80 kakhilimu we-confectionery (okungabikwa owodwa). Abapheki abangochwepheshe basebenzisa i-whisk yesandla ukufeza ubukhulu bomoya, bese beshaya igwebu ngokunyakaza (hhayi ukugcona), bezama ukuthola umoya omningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, igwebu ligcwele kakhulu amabhamuza, lilinika ukukhanya nomoya.